Nurs 220 (Nutrition) Chapter 2 CoursePoint
The nurse is explaining to a group of college students how the body tries to maintain a steady supply of glucose for energy between meals. The nurse explains that the liver breaks down which substance to release glucose? 1) galactose 2) glucagon 3) glycogen 4) sucrose
glycogen
The nurse recognizes that disaccharides are composed of two sugar molecules. The combination of glucose and fructose creates: 1) sucrose 2) maltose 3) lactose 4) galactose
sucrose
A nurse has been trying to teach a client newly diagnosed with diabetes how to interpret food labels and recognize sugars. The client is very upset. He understood about "glucose" but considered "fructose" to be safe to eat without monitoring the amount of intake. Which of the following would be an appropriate response from the nurse? 1) "Fructose is changed to glucose by the liver." 2) "Perhaps you were thinking of dextrose?" 3) "You should actually be avoiding glycogen" 4) "Perhaps you should take a note card with you next time."
"Fructose is changed to glucose by the liver."
The American Heart Association (AHA) has shared recommendations for maximum caloric intake for adults related to added sugars. Which of the following is this recommendation? 1) 100 cal/day for women; 150 cal/day for men 2) 125 cal/day for women; 175 cal/day for men 3) 150 cal/day for women; 125 cal/day for men 4) 100 cal/day for women; 100 cal/day for men
100 cal/day for women; 150 cal/day for men
The nurse is teaching a nutrition class with a group of clients who are overweight. The nurse indicates that the adequate intake (AI) for total fiber is set at which of the following amounts? 1) 38 g/day for women; 25 g/day for men 2) 20 g/day for women; 30 g/day for men 3) 25 g/day for women; 38 g/day for men 4) 30 g/day for women; 20 g/day for men
25 g/day for women; 38 g/day for men
The nurse is reviewing a client's food log and calculating how many calories the client has consumed. The nurse knows that there are how many calories in a gram of carbohydrates?
4
The client is trying to eat a low-carbohydrate diet to lose weight. For lunch, the client had the following: 2 cups green salad, 1/2 cup cubed ham, 2 hard-boiled eggs, 1/2 cup shredded cheddar cheese, 1 cup whole milk, 1 slice toast. Approximately how many grams of carbohydrates did this client consume? (Round to nearest whole number.) 1) 50 grams 2) 40 grams 3) 60 grams 4) 70 grams
50 grams
The nurse recognizes that the most common monosaccharides contain how many carbon atoms? 1) 5 2) 7 3) 6 4) 8
6
The nurse is providing a follow up nutritional session with a client. The client is surprised to learn that carbohydrates have fewer calories than fat does. The client has calculated that she consumed 200 grams of carbohydrates for the day. The nurse knows the client consumed a daily total of how many calories? 1) 1,000 calories 2) 800 calories 3) 600 calories 4) 1,200 calories
800 calories
The nurse cares for a client with liver cirrhosis. In which way will the nurse expect this health problem to impact the client's nutritional status? 1) Increase in storage of glucose 2) Improved metabolism of glucose 3) Difficulty breaking down glucose 4) Altered amount of stored glycogen
Altered amount of stored glycogen
A client with diabetes reports reducing the number of cans of soda consumed each day but admits to "cheating" over the weekends. What should the nurse suggest to this client to help reduce the intake of sugar? 1) Substitute soda with fruit juice 2) Make ice tea using 4 teaspoons of sugar 3) Mix half a can of soda with carbonated water 4) Place a few drops of Stevia in water with lemon
Place a few drops of Stevia in water with lemon
The nurse is conducting a nutrition class of individuals newly diagnosed with diabetes. The nurse explains that shortly after eating, what happens in the body? 1) The liver stores the excess glucose as glucagon 2) The pancreas releases glycogen to balance the insulin secretion 3) The pancreas releases insulin to move the glucose to the liver for processing 4) The pancreas releases insulin to move the glucose from the blood stream to the individual cells
The pancreas releases insulin to move the glucose from the blood stream to the individual cells
When asked the function of polyvols by a client, the nurse correctly states which of the following? 1) They foster the growth of colonic bacteria 2) They stimulate normal bowel function 3) They prevent colitis 4) They help prevent to dumping syndrome
They foster the growth of colonic bacteria
During a home visit the nurse notes that a client's stage 2 pressure injury is not healing as quickly as expected. Why should the nurse assess this client's intake of carbohydrates? 1) They build new tissue 2) They spare protein needed for healing 3) They prevent further tissue breakdown 4) They promote the development of ketosis
They spare protein needed for healing
The school health nurse is providing education to a group of children about the differing nutritional values of sugars. When discussing added sugars, the nurse knows teaching has been effective when the children state which of the following? 1) added sugars provide dense calories 2) added sugars provide fattening calories 3) added sugars provide no extra calories 4) added sugars provide empty calories
added sugars provide empty calories
The nurse recognizes that nonnutritive sweeteners are produced from a variety of sources. One common sweetener is produced by combining amino acids aspartic acid and phenylalanine. This common nonnutritive sweetener is called which of the following? 1) aspartame 2) acesulfame potassium 3) sucralose 4) saccharin
aspartame
The nurse recognizes that whole-grain products must consist of the certain components of the grain. What of the following is one of those components? 1) husk 2) bran 3) stem 4) leaves
bran
The nurse is providing education on nonnutritive sweeteners. The nurse should include a cautionary discussion about using nonnutritive sweeteners when trying to lose weight for which of the following reasons? 1) calories come from more than just sugar 2) nonnutritive sweeteners still have calories 3) the FDA requires it 4) sugar-free foods have fewer calories, but they still count
calories come from more than just sugar
When providing education to a group of students, the school health nurse correctly states that around the world, the most commonly found nutrient in the human diet is which of the following? 1) carbohydrates 2) sugar 3) fats 4) added sugar
carbohydrates
When testing students in a nutrition class about simple sugars, the nurse knows teaching has been effective when students respond that they provide a molecule of energy for the body cells is also referred to as which of the following? 1) dextrose 2) fructose 3) galactose 4) sucrose
dextrose
The nurse who is providing education during a nutritional class shares that the individual body cells take only as much glucose as is needed for immediate energy. The nurse knows teaching has been effective when the students states the liver and muscle cells store excess glucose as which of the following? 1) glycogen 2) glucose 3) glucagon 4) galactose
glycogen
A client has been brought to the unit with general complaints of nausea, fatigue, and anorexia. On assessment, the nurse learns that the client has not been eating well and has been eating mainly a low-carbohydrate, high-protein diet. The nurse is aware that which of the following may be occurring? 1) ketosis 2) acidosis 3) alkalosis 4) glutosis
ketosis
The nurse is preparing to teach a class on the benefits of eating whole grains. The nurse is aware that eating patterns rich in whole grains are associated with a lower risk of which of the following health problems? 1) type 1 diabetes 2) cardiovascular disease 3) renal disease 4) liver disease
cardiovascular disease
When explaining the nutritional value of adding fruit to an eating pattern, the nurse states that most of the calories in fruit come from which of the following sugars? 1) fructose 2) galactose 3) sucrose 4) maltose
fructose
The client is upset that despite incorporating low-sugar and sugar-free foods into her eating pattern, she is not losing weight and her blood sugar is still difficult to control. The nurse notes which of the following reasons the client is having this problem? 1) The client needs to cut out more fat 2) The client's problem is not related to food 3) "Sugar-free" does not mean calorie-free 4) The client is misreading the labels
"Sugar-free" does not mean calorie-free
The nurse recognizes that carbohydrates are a class of energy-yielding nutrients that contain which of the following elements? Select all that apply. 1) hydrogen 2) oxygen 3) nitrogen 4) carbon 5) calcium
1) carbon 2) hydrogen 3) oxygen
A young mother is concerned about her children developing dental caries and is asking for appropriate suggestions to help prevent them. Which of the following is an appropriate suggestion for the nurse to offer? 1) Avoid sugary items that stay in the mouth for a long time 2) Brush your teeth twice a day 3) Chew gum with sucrose 4) Allow sodas only between meals
Avoid sugary items that stay in the mouth for a long time
The nurse should caution clients to be aware of increased caloric value of food due to the inclusion of which of the following ingredients? 1) added sugars 2) added fruit fiber 3) dehydrated fruit 4) naturally occurring sugars
added sugars
When teaching clients nutritional interventions for preventing long term health problems, the nurse should emphasize limiting the intake of sugar for which of the following reasons? 1) diets high in added sugar likely provide inadequate amounts of essential nutrients 2) diets high in added sugar will likely result in type 2 diabetes 3) diets high in added sugar contribute to ADHD in children 4) diets high in added sugar guarantee a life of obesity
diets high in added sugar likely provide inadequate amounts of essential nutrients
The nurse is explaining the different type of sugars to a client. The nurse correctly classifies maltose and lactose in which of the following sugar categories? 1) disaccharides 2) monosaccharides 3) trisaccharides 4) polysaccharides
disaccharides
When teaching about the path of glucose in the body, the nurse can explain that after it is absorbed into the intestinal mucosa, glucose travels next to which of the following body organs? 1) liver 2) kidneys 3) muscles 4) brain
liver
The nurse recognizes that glucose, fructose, and galactose are also referred to as which of the following? 1) disaccharides 2) trisaccharides 3) polysaccharides 4) monosaccharides
monosaccharides
The nurse recognizes that the bran layer of grains contains many components that are beneficial. When teaching about the nutritional benefits of whole grains, the nurse states that one of the nonnutrient compounds that has been associated with a reduced risk of chronic diseases is which of the following? 1) phytonutrients 2) protein 3) starch 4) vitamin E
phytonutrients
If a client is not consuming enough carbohydrates, the nurse realizes that the body will use what to try to meet its energy needs? 1) protein 2) fatty-acids 3) minerals 4) vitamins
protein
The nurse educator is discussing the effects of the digestion process of starch in a nutritional health class. The class should understand that cooked starch begins digestion due to the action of which of the following? 1) stomach acids 2) pancreatic amylase 3) salivary amylase 4) disaccharides
salivary amylase
The nurse is facilitating a weight management class for a group of adolescents. Today's discussion is about recognizing the added sugars in their diets. After the meeting, the students can successfully recognize that which product contains the most added sugar? 1) soda 2) candy 3) doughnuts 4) ice cream
soda
The nurse is explaining the difference between whole grains and refined grains to a small group of clients. The nurse explains that refined grains are rich in which of the following nutrients? 1) starch 2) fiber 3) phytochemicals 4) B vitamins
starch
The school health nurse is preparing an educational session for students in the school. The nurse correcly includes in the presentation that plants use glucose for energy, however, glucose that is not used for immediate energy is stored in the form of which of the following? 1) starch 2) fiber 3) cellulose 4) glycogen
starch
The nurse is seeing a client who is newly diagnosed with type 2 diabetes. The client tells the nurse she does not want to consume chemical based nonnutritive sweeteners. Which of the following sugar alternatives should the nurse recommend? 1) sucralose 2) aspartame 3) saccharin 4) stevia
stevia
The nurse instructs a client on foods to increase total fiber intake to 25 grams/day. Which breakfast choice indicate that teaching has been effective? 1) Scrambled eggs, bacon, ½ cup sliced strawberries 2) Buttermilk pancakes, maple syrup, bacon, orange slices 3) 1 cup oatmeal, ½ cup skim milk, blueberries and sliced banana 4) ½ cup all bran cereal, ½ cup skim milk, 1 slice whole wheat bread, sliced pear
½ cup all bran cereal, ½ cup skim milk, 1 slice whole wheat bread, sliced pear
