NUTR 1030 Chp. 11
Which of the following is the best source of magnesium?
spinach
Consuming a calcium rich diet may have beneficial effects on
successful weight loss
T/F: Most unusable substances in the body can dissolve in water and exit the body through the urine
true
T/F: each of my plate food groups contribute minerals to the diet
true
Recommendations for total ____ intake vary widely because factors such as environmental temperatures, health conditions, physical activities, and dietary choices influence individual requirements
water
The condition that arises when an excessive amount of water is consumed in a short period of time is called
water intoxication
Primary an initial sign of dehydration is rapid
weight loss
The dietary approaches to stop hypertension (DASH) diet is
- high in fruits and vegetables - low in sodium
Taking single mineral supplements is not recommended because an excess of one mineral
- interfere with the absorption of another mineral - Interfere with the metabolism of another mineral
Which of the following are modifiable risk factors for developing osteoporosis?
- low estrogen levels - having anorexia nervosa
Hip fractures in older adults are serious because
- only about 15% who break their hip can walk without assistance six months after the fracture - 25% who experience a hip fracture can die within one year of the injury due to complications of the surgery
the amount of water a person needs to consume is determined by
- physical activities - health conditions - dietary choices - environmental temperatures
Treatments for hypertension often include
- taking prescription medications - dietary modifications - managing stress
Excellent sources of chloride include
- tomatoes, celery, seaweed
A person may consume more minerals that the body needs. When this happens, excess minerals are
-excreted in urine or feces - stored in the liver, bones, or other tissues
Rank where water is lost in the body in order from the greatest source of loss to the least
1. urine 2. insensible perspiration 3. expired air 4. feces
The adequate intake for total water is approximately ____ cups per day for young women
11
Depending on a person is unique body composition roughly what percentage of body weight is contributed by water?
50-75%
Regular blood pressure screening is the best way to detect
Hypertension
A chronic disease characterized by low bone mass and reduce structure is called
Osteoporosis
Match the mineral with its major deficiency sign and symptom
calcium- Increased risk of osteoporosis and increased risk of hypertension sodium- Muscle cramps potassium- Irregular heartbeat and muscle cramps
Table salt is composed of sodium and
chloride
The term that describes the body's water status is called
dehydrated
The blood pressure reading that represents the pressure in an artery when the ventricles relax between contractions is called the
diastolic pressure
Substance that increases urine production is called a
diuretic
T/F: Thirst is the first signal of water loss
false
The crystalline structure composed of calcium and phosphorus used for bone formation is called
hydroxyapatite
The parts of the word hyperphosphatemia to the word's meaning
hyper- too much phosphate- mineral emia- blood
The condition that is characterized by elevated blood pressure is called
hypertension
which of the following is a trace mineral?
iodine
Excess minerals will beexcreted in urine or feces or stored in the ____, ____, or other tissues
liver; bones
Weight-bearing activities that can reduce the risk of osteoporosis include
low impact aerobics
Calcium, phosphorus, sodium, potassium, magnesium, chloride and sulfur or minerals that are categorized as
major minerals
Blood pressure increases as we age most likely because
of stiffening of the arteries
most people with osteoporosis are
older adult women
Examples of foods high in sodium are
processed snacks
People whose blood pressure remains uncontrolled while taking three medications have ____ hypertension
resistant
Hypertension is often called the "____ ____" because high blood pressure generally does not cause symptoms
silent killer
The mineral that plays the leading role in the regulation of fluid balance in the body is
sodium
Which of the following are good food sources of calcium?
- Yogurt, cheese, milk
Risk factors for developing hypertension include
- being obese - having African-American ancestry - smoking cigarettes
Which of the following are major minerals?
- calcium - sodium - potassium
Which of the following diseases or conditions are positively affected by calcium rich diet?
- chronic inflammation - insulin resistance - hypertension
Total water intake refers to water ingested by
- drinking water - eating food - consuming beverages
Which of the following strategies can help reduce the risk for osteoporosis?
- eating a balanced diet - getting regular exercise
Which factors contribute to bone loss and osteoporosis?
- family history - excessive alcohol consumption - cigarette smoking
Oral rehydration therapy is especially used to treat children with
- fever, vomiting, diarrhea
The kidneys produce smaller amounts of urine when
- fluid loss is great - fluid intake is limited
Water enters the digestive system from
- food that we eat - secretions from the mouth and stomach - fluid that we drink
How does alcohol lead to dehydration?
alcohol inhibits ADH secretion