NUTR 1030 Chp. 11

Which of the following is the best source of magnesium?

spinach

Consuming a calcium rich diet may have beneficial effects on

successful weight loss

T/F: Most unusable substances in the body can dissolve in water and exit the body through the urine

true

T/F: each of my plate food groups contribute minerals to the diet

true

Recommendations for total ____ intake vary widely because factors such as environmental temperatures, health conditions, physical activities, and dietary choices influence individual requirements

water

The condition that arises when an excessive amount of water is consumed in a short period of time is called

water intoxication

Primary an initial sign of dehydration is rapid

weight loss

The dietary approaches to stop hypertension (DASH) diet is

- high in fruits and vegetables - low in sodium

Taking single mineral supplements is not recommended because an excess of one mineral

- interfere with the absorption of another mineral - Interfere with the metabolism of another mineral

Which of the following are modifiable risk factors for developing osteoporosis?

- low estrogen levels - having anorexia nervosa

Hip fractures in older adults are serious because

- only about 15% who break their hip can walk without assistance six months after the fracture - 25% who experience a hip fracture can die within one year of the injury due to complications of the surgery

the amount of water a person needs to consume is determined by

- physical activities - health conditions - dietary choices - environmental temperatures

Treatments for hypertension often include

- taking prescription medications - dietary modifications - managing stress

Excellent sources of chloride include

- tomatoes, celery, seaweed

A person may consume more minerals that the body needs. When this happens, excess minerals are

-excreted in urine or feces - stored in the liver, bones, or other tissues

Rank where water is lost in the body in order from the greatest source of loss to the least

1. urine 2. insensible perspiration 3. expired air 4. feces

The adequate intake for total water is approximately ____ cups per day for young women

11

Depending on a person is unique body composition roughly what percentage of body weight is contributed by water?

50-75%

Regular blood pressure screening is the best way to detect

Hypertension

A chronic disease characterized by low bone mass and reduce structure is called

Osteoporosis

Match the mineral with its major deficiency sign and symptom

calcium- Increased risk of osteoporosis and increased risk of hypertension sodium- Muscle cramps potassium- Irregular heartbeat and muscle cramps

Table salt is composed of sodium and

chloride

The term that describes the body's water status is called

dehydrated

The blood pressure reading that represents the pressure in an artery when the ventricles relax between contractions is called the

diastolic pressure

Substance that increases urine production is called a

diuretic

T/F: Thirst is the first signal of water loss

false

The crystalline structure composed of calcium and phosphorus used for bone formation is called

hydroxyapatite

The parts of the word hyperphosphatemia to the word's meaning

hyper- too much phosphate- mineral emia- blood

The condition that is characterized by elevated blood pressure is called

hypertension

which of the following is a trace mineral?

iodine

Excess minerals will beexcreted in urine or feces or stored in the ____, ____, or other tissues

liver; bones

Weight-bearing activities that can reduce the risk of osteoporosis include

low impact aerobics

Calcium, phosphorus, sodium, potassium, magnesium, chloride and sulfur or minerals that are categorized as

major minerals

Blood pressure increases as we age most likely because

of stiffening of the arteries

most people with osteoporosis are

older adult women

Examples of foods high in sodium are

processed snacks

People whose blood pressure remains uncontrolled while taking three medications have ____ hypertension

resistant

Hypertension is often called the "____ ____" because high blood pressure generally does not cause symptoms

silent killer

The mineral that plays the leading role in the regulation of fluid balance in the body is

sodium

Which of the following are good food sources of calcium?

- Yogurt, cheese, milk

Risk factors for developing hypertension include

- being obese - having African-American ancestry - smoking cigarettes

Which of the following are major minerals?

- calcium - sodium - potassium

Which of the following diseases or conditions are positively affected by calcium rich diet?

- chronic inflammation - insulin resistance - hypertension

Total water intake refers to water ingested by

- drinking water - eating food - consuming beverages

Which of the following strategies can help reduce the risk for osteoporosis?

- eating a balanced diet - getting regular exercise

Which factors contribute to bone loss and osteoporosis?

- family history - excessive alcohol consumption - cigarette smoking

Oral rehydration therapy is especially used to treat children with

- fever, vomiting, diarrhea

The kidneys produce smaller amounts of urine when

- fluid loss is great - fluid intake is limited

Water enters the digestive system from

- food that we eat - secretions from the mouth and stomach - fluid that we drink

How does alcohol lead to dehydration?

alcohol inhibits ADH secretion