NUTR 1030 chp. 20

Locations in America where people are more likely to be food insecure include

- Alabama - Arkansas - California - Georgia - Mississippi - North Carolina - Texas

Global food aid programs that attempt to reduce under nutrition include the

- Catholic Relief Agencies - Global Alliance for Improved Nutrition - Micronutrient Initiative

The Special Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program for Women, Infants and Children provide

- checks and vouchers to purchase specific foods - breastfeeding support - nutrition education

Sustainable agriculture involves farming methods that

- do not deplete natural resources - meet the demand for more food - do not harm the environment

Undernutrition commonly occurs when

- food supplies are limited - farmland is depleted - crops have failed

Physiological changes in older adults that may make them more susceptible to chronic undernutrition include

- impaired digestion - impaired absorption - decreased muscle mass

The USDA defines food deserts as areas with many low income people

- in urban areas living further than 1 mile from a grocery store - in rural areas living more than 10 miles away from the grocery store

For the fortification of foods to be successful at preventing and treating under nutrition, selected foods should be

- inexpensive - commonly used

Who's the characteristics of golden rice that are accurate

- one bowl provides 60% of recommended vitamin A for children 6 to 8 years - genetic modified organism - rich in beta-carotene

Poor nutrition during pregnancy may increase the risk for diseases such as ____ later in life

- schizophrenia - hypertension - obesity

Food assistance programs for older adults include

- the Elderly Nutrition Program - Meals on Wheels

Under nutrition among older adults increases

- the risk for acute illness - longer hospitalizations - the incidence of death

Lack of vitamin A is the leading cause of childhood

- xeropthalmia - blindness

The school food program that reimburses schools for providing a nutritious morning meal to eligible low income children is called the

School Breakfast Program

Widespread iron deficiency in a country leads to ____ among the population

decreased productivity

Many colleges are discovering that their students experience food insecurity at times during the year. To combat this problem many colleges and universities have established ____ ____

food pantries

A nonprofit organization that provides food to people in need is called ____

food pantry

Plant and animal products that have been genetically altered are referred to as ____ ____ ____

genetically modified organisms

The most common symptom of an iodine deficiency is a

goiter

Many of the major genetically modified crops grown worldwide are modified to be tolerant to

herbicides

The only micro nutrient deficiency common in developed countries is

iron

Stunting in a pregnant woman can increase the

need for a caesarian delivery (c-section) because the infants head may be too large to pass through the mother's pelvis

Currently, more people suffer from ____ than from ____

over-nutrition; undernutrition

____ is the leading risk factor for under nutrition in countries around the world

poverty

Shelf stable foods supplied as an energy dense paste that are fortified with calories, protein and micro nutrients that are used in the treatment of undernutrition are

ready-to-use therapeutic foods

A simple and inexpensive method for a country to prevent an iodine deficiency is to fortify ____ with iodine

salt

The use of farming methods that meet the demand for more food without depleting natural resources and harming the environment is called ____ ____

sustainable agriculture

And initiative designed to help increase the accessibility of healthy foods in areas identified as food deserts is

the Healthy Food Financing Initiative (HFFI)

The global food aid program that strives to save and improve children's lives by providing healthcare, immunizations, clean water and emergency relief is

the United Nations Children's Fund (UNICEF)

The number of newborns in a population, per one 1000 live births, who are likely to die before they reach the age of five years old is called the ____ ____ mortality rate

under 5

The measurement used to evaluate the health of infants and young children from a global perspective is the

under-5 mortality rate

The mineral which contributes to normal sexual maturation in adolescence is

zinc

The nutrition education component of the Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program is called

SNAP-ed

Chronic undernutrition ____ the body's immune system

depresses

Higher rates of undernutrition occur in

developing countries

Ready-to-use therapeutic foods

- have been effective in treating undernutrition - do not require dillution with water - do not usually require refrigeration

Examples of foods that are frequently fortified to combat undernutrition include

- vegetable oils - wheat flour - cereals

Globally, micronutrients that are identified as top public health concerns include

- vitamin A - iron - iodine - zinc

The nation's largest food distribution program is

Feeding America

There are several food assistance programs available in the United States for different populations. Most programs use ____ to determine eligibility for the program.

income

Although zinc can be found in grains, grains also contain phytic acid which

inhibits the absorption of zinc

A person who does not have access to enough nourishing food at all times to lead an active, healthy life is experiencing food ____

insecurity

Efforts to reduce under nutrition include

- providing adequate nutrients through diet - providing adequate nutrients through supplements - increasing access to safe water

Participants in the Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program are not allowed to use their allotted funds to purchase

- ready-to-eat hot foods - medicines - vitamins

Match the category of food security with its correct description

high food security- Individuals who experience no concerns or problems purchasing enough food marginal food security- Individuals who experience some worry or anxiety regarding food but experience little change in the quality or quantity of their food intake low food security- Individuals who experience reduced nutritional quality due to the lack of nutrient-dense food in their diet very low food security- Individuals who experience reductions in both the quality and quantity of their diet due to an inability to purchase enough food

A(n) ____ can increase the negative effects of undernutrition in older adults

weakened immune system

Outcomes of undernourished children who are able to survive include

- blindness - impaired intellectual development - stunted growth

Ways to use natural resources and pesticides more efficiently and thus solve problems created by conventional farming include:

- rely on non-chemical methods of pest management - use biotechnology to develop crops that are drought resistant - apply water directly to a plant's base

If you are undernourished during pregnancy, you are more likely to deliver

a low-birthweight baby