NUTR 1030 chp. 20
Locations in America where people are more likely to be food insecure include
- Alabama - Arkansas - California - Georgia - Mississippi - North Carolina - Texas
Global food aid programs that attempt to reduce under nutrition include the
- Catholic Relief Agencies - Global Alliance for Improved Nutrition - Micronutrient Initiative
The Special Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program for Women, Infants and Children provide
- checks and vouchers to purchase specific foods - breastfeeding support - nutrition education
Sustainable agriculture involves farming methods that
- do not deplete natural resources - meet the demand for more food - do not harm the environment
Undernutrition commonly occurs when
- food supplies are limited - farmland is depleted - crops have failed
Physiological changes in older adults that may make them more susceptible to chronic undernutrition include
- impaired digestion - impaired absorption - decreased muscle mass
The USDA defines food deserts as areas with many low income people
- in urban areas living further than 1 mile from a grocery store - in rural areas living more than 10 miles away from the grocery store
For the fortification of foods to be successful at preventing and treating under nutrition, selected foods should be
- inexpensive - commonly used
Who's the characteristics of golden rice that are accurate
- one bowl provides 60% of recommended vitamin A for children 6 to 8 years - genetic modified organism - rich in beta-carotene
Poor nutrition during pregnancy may increase the risk for diseases such as ____ later in life
- schizophrenia - hypertension - obesity
Food assistance programs for older adults include
- the Elderly Nutrition Program - Meals on Wheels
Under nutrition among older adults increases
- the risk for acute illness - longer hospitalizations - the incidence of death
Lack of vitamin A is the leading cause of childhood
- xeropthalmia - blindness
The school food program that reimburses schools for providing a nutritious morning meal to eligible low income children is called the
School Breakfast Program
Widespread iron deficiency in a country leads to ____ among the population
decreased productivity
Many colleges are discovering that their students experience food insecurity at times during the year. To combat this problem many colleges and universities have established ____ ____
food pantries
A nonprofit organization that provides food to people in need is called ____
food pantry
Plant and animal products that have been genetically altered are referred to as ____ ____ ____
genetically modified organisms
The most common symptom of an iodine deficiency is a
goiter
Many of the major genetically modified crops grown worldwide are modified to be tolerant to
herbicides
The only micro nutrient deficiency common in developed countries is
iron
Stunting in a pregnant woman can increase the
need for a caesarian delivery (c-section) because the infants head may be too large to pass through the mother's pelvis
Currently, more people suffer from ____ than from ____
over-nutrition; undernutrition
____ is the leading risk factor for under nutrition in countries around the world
poverty
Shelf stable foods supplied as an energy dense paste that are fortified with calories, protein and micro nutrients that are used in the treatment of undernutrition are
ready-to-use therapeutic foods
A simple and inexpensive method for a country to prevent an iodine deficiency is to fortify ____ with iodine
salt
The use of farming methods that meet the demand for more food without depleting natural resources and harming the environment is called ____ ____
sustainable agriculture
And initiative designed to help increase the accessibility of healthy foods in areas identified as food deserts is
the Healthy Food Financing Initiative (HFFI)
The global food aid program that strives to save and improve children's lives by providing healthcare, immunizations, clean water and emergency relief is
the United Nations Children's Fund (UNICEF)
The number of newborns in a population, per one 1000 live births, who are likely to die before they reach the age of five years old is called the ____ ____ mortality rate
under 5
The measurement used to evaluate the health of infants and young children from a global perspective is the
under-5 mortality rate
The mineral which contributes to normal sexual maturation in adolescence is
zinc
The nutrition education component of the Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program is called
SNAP-ed
Chronic undernutrition ____ the body's immune system
depresses
Higher rates of undernutrition occur in
developing countries
Ready-to-use therapeutic foods
- have been effective in treating undernutrition - do not require dillution with water - do not usually require refrigeration
Examples of foods that are frequently fortified to combat undernutrition include
- vegetable oils - wheat flour - cereals
Globally, micronutrients that are identified as top public health concerns include
- vitamin A - iron - iodine - zinc
The nation's largest food distribution program is
Feeding America
There are several food assistance programs available in the United States for different populations. Most programs use ____ to determine eligibility for the program.
income
Although zinc can be found in grains, grains also contain phytic acid which
inhibits the absorption of zinc
A person who does not have access to enough nourishing food at all times to lead an active, healthy life is experiencing food ____
insecurity
Efforts to reduce under nutrition include
- providing adequate nutrients through diet - providing adequate nutrients through supplements - increasing access to safe water
Participants in the Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program are not allowed to use their allotted funds to purchase
- ready-to-eat hot foods - medicines - vitamins
Match the category of food security with its correct description
high food security- Individuals who experience no concerns or problems purchasing enough food marginal food security- Individuals who experience some worry or anxiety regarding food but experience little change in the quality or quantity of their food intake low food security- Individuals who experience reduced nutritional quality due to the lack of nutrient-dense food in their diet very low food security- Individuals who experience reductions in both the quality and quantity of their diet due to an inability to purchase enough food
A(n) ____ can increase the negative effects of undernutrition in older adults
weakened immune system
Outcomes of undernourished children who are able to survive include
- blindness - impaired intellectual development - stunted growth
Ways to use natural resources and pesticides more efficiently and thus solve problems created by conventional farming include:
- rely on non-chemical methods of pest management - use biotechnology to develop crops that are drought resistant - apply water directly to a plant's base
If you are undernourished during pregnancy, you are more likely to deliver
a low-birthweight baby