nutr
When calculating the amount of iron that can be absorbed from a meal, all of the following factors are of major importance EXCEPT
EDTA content
Iron is not a part of the protein hemoglobin which carries oxygen in the blood
False
Potassium is one of the major cations outside cells
False
Red blood cells (RBC) in iron deficiency anemia are large (macrocytic)
False
The Appearance of Vitamin B12 deficiency symptoms may be delayed or masked due to the high intake of
Folate
What Iron-Containing Protein Carries Oxygen in the Bloodstream
Hemoglobin
Which of the following is an Important Function of Selenium
Inhibits the formation of free radicals
Which of the following represents the order of the stages of iron deficiency
Iron stores decline; Iron transport diminishes; iron transport diminishes; hemoglobin synthesis falls
What is a chief function of the B vitamins
Coenzyme Participation
A child with bowed legs is likely deficient in vitamin
D
Which of the following is a feature of Vitamin K
Bacteria in the intestines synthesize bioavailable vitamin K
A person with high blood levels of hepcidin responds by
decreasing iron absorption
Which of the following is NOT among the common signs of pellagra
desiccation
Which of the following is NOT known to promote vitamin D deficiency in the elderly
diminished capacity of the liver and kidney synthesis of activated vitamin D
Identify the Iron storage protein in the epithelial cell of the GI tract
ferritin
A deficiency of which of the following vitamins results in accumulation of homocysteine in the blood
folate
Research has shown that the risk of neural tube defects is lowered by taking supplements of
folate
Vitamin K deficiency
hemorrhage
Which of the following is a Characteristic of Free Radicals
they arise from normal metabolic reactions
Which of the following vitamins is primarily stored in muscle tissue
vitamin B6
Identify the four antioxidants in diet
vitamin E, selenium, vitamin c, and beta carotene
Blood calcium is regulated by one vitamin and two hormones
vitamin d, calcitonin, and parathyroid hormone
What is the response of the thyroid gland to an iodine deficiency
increase in its size to trap more iodine
The two water-soluble vitamins and one trace mineral whose deficiency can lead to anemia are
iron, folic acid or folate, and vitamin B12
What is the primary excretory route for the water-soluble vitamins
kidney
The Three major minerals in bone formation are
magnesium, phosphorus, and calcium
The Oxygen-carrying protein of muscle cells is
myoglobin
Vitamin Folate Deficiency
neural tube defect
What is the name of the vitamin-D deficiency disease in adults
osteomalacia
What vitamin forms a part of coenzyme A
pantothenic acid
Vitamin Niacin deficiency disease is
pellagra
Vitamin B12 Deficiency
pernicious anemia
Identify the three major minerals that are three electrolytes
potassium, sodium, and chloride
Which of the following foods contains a protein (avidin) that decreases the bioavailability of biotin
raw egg whites
The coenzyme FAD is formed from what vitamin
riboflavin
Which of the Following are water-soluble vitamins
riboflavin, folic acid or folate, choline, niacin, biotin, thiamine, and pantothenic acid
Vitamin D Deficiency
rickets
Vitamin C deficiency
scurvy
Which of the organs is not required for the complete synthesis of activated vitamin D
small intestine
Which of the following is an overt sign of a possible B vitamin deficiency
smooth tongue
Which of the following are trace minerals
zinc, iodine, iron, copper, magnesium, and selenium
All of the following are mild symptoms of dehydration EXCEPT
spastic muscles
What is hydroxyapatite
the calcium-rich crystalline structure of teeth and bones
Aldosterone and renin each function to promote
the retention of sodium
Which of the following is NOT among the properties of electrolytes
They include fat-soluble as well as water-soluble particles
Identify the Iron Transport Protein
Transferrin
A mineral salt such as sodium chloride dissolves in water and dissociate
True
Antidiuretic Hormone (ADH) is released by the pituitary gland is a water-conserving hormone that stimulates the kidneys to reabsorb water whenever blood volume or pressure falls too low
True
Hard Water has High Concentrations of Calcium and Magnesium
True
Iodine is a component of the thyroid hormones that regulate metabolic waste
True
Which of the Following are Fat Soluble Vitamins
Vitamin A, D, E, and K
A similar type of Anemia is Produced when there is a deficiency of either
Vitamin B12 or Folate
Which of the following is most likely to occur from a prolonged dietary deficiency in vitamin A
Xerophthalmia (blindness)
Deficiency of which of the following minerals is associated with retarded growth and development in children
Zinc
What is the chief transport substance for zinc in the circulation
albumin
Vitamin Thiamin Deficiency
beriberi
Where is interstitial water found
between cells
Vitamin A deficiency
blindness
In what chief capacity does vitamin K function
blood clotting
Which of the following are major minerals
calcium, sulfur, sodium, phosphorus, potassium, and chloride
Which of the following is a major function of magnesium
catalyst in energy metabolism
Which of the following compounds serves as the major precursor for the synthesis of vitamin D
cholesterol
Which of the following explains why B vitamin deficiencies lead to a lack of energy
coenzymes needed for energy metabolism are produced in insufficient amounts
The regulation of fluid and electrolyte balance occurs at the GI tract and Kidneys
true
The outer, hard shell of bone is called
cortical bone
Potassium deficiency cannot cause irregular heartbeat
false
Prolonged intake of excess sodium cannot lead to hypertension
false
Which of the following is a feature of water
generated from the oxidation of energy nutrients
Common terms that describe the body's accumulation of excess iron include all of the following except
hemoglobinemia
Chloride is a major anion outside cells
true
Diets high in potassium tend to prevent high blood pressure
true