NUTR Chapter 16 HW

Approximately _____ percent of people in the United States are living at or below the poverty level.

12

In 2020, the average Federal Poverty Level for a family of four (across all states except Alaska and Hawaii) was $26,200 per year. Approximately ______ Americans live at or below the Federal Poverty Level.

40 million

At what stage of pregnancy is birth considered to be preterm?

Before 37 weeks

______ has been identified as a disease that significantly contributes to undernutrition in developing nations because it reduces worker productivity and costs so much to treat.

Blank 1: AIDS, HIV, or HIV/AIDS

With reference to the WIC program, W stands for _____, I stands for _____ , and C stands for _____ .

Blank 1: women, women,, or woman Blank 2: infants, infant, or infants, Blank 3: children

How is HIV transmitted from person to person?

Bodily fluids

Which of the following are true statements about the relationship between nutrition and immune function?

Diarrheal disease impairs nutritional status. Poor vitamin A status increases susceptibility to infection. Zinc and iron are vital for resistance to infectious disease.

Which of the following innovations may help to lessen world hunger for years to come?

Drought-resistant crops Pest-resistant crops Self-fertilizing crops

How has the Peace Corps helped to improve conditions in developing nations?

Education

Which of the following are considerations of sustainable agriculture?

Environmental health Social responsibility Economic profitability

True or false: Direct food aid is a long-term solution that should be utilized for developing countries.

False

True or false: SNAP benefits can be used to purchase alcohol, as long as it will be used in cooking.

False

What situation associated with malnutrition is often a result of crop failures, war, and political unrest?

Famine

_____ is an extreme shortage of food, which leads to massive starvation in a population.

Famine

What is it called when the quality, variety, and/or desirability of the diet are reduced and there is difficulty at times providing enough food for everyone in the household?

Food insecurity

What are some issues that keep the homeless from obtaining food assistance?

Food pantries and soup kitchens may not have enough supplies to meet the needs of the communities they serve. Lack of cooking facilities Political policies that prohibit individuals or groups from sharing food with the poor or homeless

Select the ways in which HIV/AIDS impacts nutrition security.

Frequent illnesses decrease the capacity to work. High medical costs leave less funds to purchase food.

What is the primary physiological (internal) drive to find and eat food?

Hunger

________ is the primarily physiological (internal) drive to find and eat food.

Hunger

What are the two things that almost always contribute to undernutrition in developing countries?

Inadequate shelter Lack of sanitation

What is the primary cause of undernutrition in the developing world?

Inequitable food distribution

Which of the following is true about the HIV virus?

It has limited ability to survive outside the body.

Terry wants to distribute food to the homeless people in his community. Which of the following foods would be most useful for a homeless person?

Loaf of bread and a jar of peanut butter

What is the term for failing health that results from long-standing dietary practices that do not coincide with nutritional needs?

Malnutrition

_______ is failing health that results from long-standing dietary practices that do not coincide with nutritional needs.

Malnutrition or Malnourishment

Low-income children of school age are eligible for

National School Lunch Program.

Why is poverty increasing in the developing world?

Political and civil unrest Depletion of natural resources The burden of AIDS

Which program became available to help children who come to school hungry?

School Breakfast Program

True or false: Areas of the world with a high prevalence of HIV/AIDS are at increased risk for food insecurity.

True

True or false: Genetic modification to produce crops with increased micronutrient content may help to reduce malnutrition in some areas of the world.

True

True or false: The first farmer to improve stock by selectively breeding the best bull with the best cows was implementing biotechnology.

True

Undernutrition is particularly damaging during periods of growth, such as infancy, childhood, and pregnancy.

True

______ deficiency is a leading cause of preventable blindness around the world.

Vitamin A

What is the name of the program that provides food vouchers and nutrition education to pregnant and lactating women and their children?

WIC

Select the nutrients that are integrally involved in proper immune function from the list below.

Zinc Vitamin A Protein

SNAP recipients are given ______ to purchase food and garden seeds.

an electronic benefit transfer (EBT) card

Individuals who are eligible for the Supplemental Nutritional Assistance Program (SNAP) are able to purchase food and garden seeds using

an electronic benefit transfer (EBT) card.

Breeding the best bull with the best cows is an example of _____.

biotechnology

Corn has been genetically modified by insertion of a gene that

confers pest resistance.

Civil disruptions and wars _____ massive undernutrition and set back progress of addressing poverty.

contribute to

War can lead to malnutrition because

damage to the infrastructure disrupts water sanitation. roads that are used to transport food may be impassable. bombing can leave citizens without homes.

Older adults are more vulnerable to undernutrition than young adults because

depression can decrease the drive to eat. many older adults have fixed incomes after they retire from work. declining physical and mental function affects their ability to obtain and prepare food.

Environmentally unsustainable farming methods are undermining food production especially in

developing countries.

The School Lunch Program enables students to receive free or reduced lunches based on

family income.

The manipulation of the genetic makeup of an organism with recombinant DNA technology is known as

genetic engineering.

Undernutrition is particularly damaging during infancy and childhood because a lack of energy and nutrients can negatively affect

growth. stamina. intellectual and social development. immune function.

Events similar to those that cause situational poverty -- a medical emergency, death in the family, loss of a job --can lead to _____.

homelessness

Poverty and ______ are largely associated with persistent hunger and food insecurity.

homelessness.

Which of the following are associated with chronic hunger?

impaired ability to learn. reduced energy and strength. increased susceptibility to infection.

The long-term solution for getting food aid to developing countries is to

improve infrastructure.

The gender and development approach to improving nutrition security aims to

improve women's access to education, technology, and economic resources.

Worldwide hunger is primarily an outcome of

inequitable distribution of food resources around the world.

Chronic hunger is associated with increased susceptibility to ______ disease.

infectious

One specific target of the Sustainable Development Goals is to eliminate gender disparity by increasing women's access to

information and communication technologies. education. economic resources.

Food ______ is when the quality, variety, and/or desirability of the diet is reduced and there is difficulty at times providing enough food for everyone in the household.

insecurity

In the developing world, agricultural production is

not sustainable for the long term. depleting natural resources.

Areas in which the Peace Corps has helped to improve conditions in developing nations are to:

provide medical supplies build structures provide food

Genetic engineering is the manipulation of the genetic makeup of any organism with

recombinant DNA technology.

The consequences of a preterm birth include

reduced lung function. weakened immune system

In the grocery store, SNAP participants may use their EBT cards to purchase

seeds to grow food. milk. breakfast cereal. carrots.

More than 90% of the ______ produced in the United States have been genetically modified to resist pests and improve crop yields.

soybeans

Maintaining or enhancing the land and natural resources for the long term, social responsibilities of human resources, and consumer health and safety are all principles of

sustainable agriculture.

Older adults need nutrient-dense diets because

they must meet micronutrient requirements without exceeding energy requirements.

The School Breakfast Program was established for children

who meet certain income guidelines.

Choose the micronutrients (vitamins and minerals) that are most critically missing from diets worldwide.

zinc folate vitamin A iron