NUTR Chapter 7 hw

Choose examples of healthy social support that can make weight management easier.

A RDN reminding you to record your food intake Friends praising you for you accomplishment Joining a group with similar weight loss goals

Which of the following is an important concept to have when keeping a weight goal in perspective?

A healthy, sustainable rate of weight loss is 1 to 2 pounds per week.

_______ is the over-the-counter version of orlistat, a weight-loss medication that blocks the digestion of fat in the small intestine.

Alli

The energy required for the thermic effect of foods is due to the ____ of nutrients.

digestion processing absorption

The best way to ensure that extra calorie intake will support gains in lean mass rather than fat mass is to

engage in strength-training exercises.

The major cause of male obesity in adulthood is

excess calorie intake.

Benefits of physical activity include

helping with weight loss. helping to maintain lower body weight. boosting self-esteem. helping a person stay physically fit.

The dietary approach that has been most successful in long-term studies is the low-fat, ______ approach.

high-fiber

Resting metabolic rate (RMR) is ______ basal metabolic rate (BMR).

higher than

The Set Point Theory of weight maintenance proposes that

humans have a genetically predetermined body fat content. the body closely regulates the body weight and body fat content. humans have a genetically predetermined body weight.

The method of estimating total body fat by weighing the individual on a standard scale and then weighing him or her submerged in water is known as ______.

hydrostatic weighing.(underwater weighing)

Increases in lean body mass will ______ basal metabolic rate.

increase

As lean muscle mass increases as a result of physical activity, metabolic rate

increases.

If Craig desires to increase his basal metabolic rate (BMR), he can modify his

lean body mass.

A 150-pound person with 30% body fat will weigh _____ hydrostatically (i.e., in the water) compared to a 150-pound person with 20% body fat.

less

Treatment for overweight and obesity should involve healthy, active living with acceptable diet modifications that will promote weight ______ and later, weight ______.

loss; maintenance

The dietary approach that has been most successful in long-term studies is the ______ approach.

low-fat, high-fiber

The bomb calorimeter works by:

measuring the heat given off by a food as it is burned

A behavioral strategy that involves becoming aware of and enjoying the entire eating experience - from the origins of the food to the effects it has on the body - is called

mindful eating.

Metabolic rate, fuel use, and brain chemistry are all examples of the influence of ____ on body weight.

nature

Novelty diets that exclude a food group or include only one or two foods are based on _____.

no scientific merit

The public, private, and non-profit organizations are currently working together to find a solution to the public health crisis of _______ , now considered an epidemic in the United States.

obesity, obisity, obese, or obeseity

WW® (formerly called Weight Watchers) is an example of a community weight-loss organization that

offers social support and nutrition education.

Factors leading to female adulthood obesity include

periods of stress and boredom. excess weight gain during pregnancy. childhood obesity.

Mindful eating involves _____.

recognizing physical hunger and satiety cues awareness of food preparation making wise eating decisions

Recognizing high-risk situations and planning ways to cope with occasional setbacks throughout a weight management program will help to prevent

relapse

A successful weight loss program should have a behavior program for _____ in place so a person can steer himself back on track after going off the diet program.

relapse prevention

The _______ metabolic rate is calculated instead of a basal metabolic rate if the individual has not fasted and/or not rested for 12 hours prior to the test.

resting or RMR

Foods that are high in fiber and water promote

satiety.

Environmental factors that may promote obesity include

stressful work conditions. lack of safe outdoor recreation facilities. abundance of fast food establishments.

Other considerations for bariatric surgery in addition to patient selection criteria include

the need to plan small frequent meals after surgery. surgical expenses might not be covered by medical insurance. follow-up surgery may be needed to correct stretched skin.

The energy used for the digestion, absorption, and processing of food is called the

thermic effect of food.

All of the following are reliable treatments for obesity except:

using diet pills

Rapid weight loss at the beginning of a weight loss program is a result of

water loss. lean muscle mass depletion.

The Body Mass Index is defined as:

weight in kilograms divided by the square of the height in meters weight in pounds multiplied by 703, and divided by the square of the height in inches

Energy balance is thought of as energy input versus energy output. Identify the components that contribute to the "energy output" of this equation.

Digestion Metabolism Physical activity

______ calorimetry predicts energy needs by measuring the amount of heat released by a person.

Direct

The advantage of bariatric surgery is that the patient does not have to change his/her lifestyle following the surgery.

False

True or false: Upper-body obesity is associated with decreased risk for hypertension and diabetes.

False

What part of the body closely monitors and regulates body fat?

Hypothalamus

Which of the following are strategies that could help a person control hunger between meals and snacks?

Include lean protein in meals and snacks. Consume foods high in fiber and water. Eat meals and snacks more slowly.

The incidence of obesity in the United States, now considered an epidemic, has prompted the FDA to bring together which of the following sectors to tackle the obesity issue?

Industry Public health community Academia Government

Which is true regarding healthy body weight?

It can lead to a long and healthy life.

Which of the following are true statements about novelty diets?

Leaving out entire food groups can lead to nutrient deficiencies. They promote weight cycling.

Which of the following would NOT be a valid way to measure or estimate the amount of energy used by the body each day?

Measurement of food intake from the various food groups

Which of the following medications is currently approved by FDA for weight loss?

Orlistat.

Select the true statements concerning body weight among North American adults.

Over 70% of adults are overweight or obese. Prevention of an overweight condition in the first place is the most successful approach to maintaining a healthy body weight. Achieving and maintaining a healthy weight lowers risk for developing type 2 diabetes.

Which of the following are characteristics of unreliable weight-loss programs?

Promotes quick weight loss Lacks scientific support Recommends the use of expensive supplements

Which of the following individuals is in energy balance (equilibrium)?

Ray consumes 2400 kcal per day and expends 2400 kcal per day.

The factors that help one to maintain an appropriate height/weight value include which of these?

Regularly eating a healthy diet Learning to follow the body's hunger cues Remaining physically active

_____ slows muscle loss that comes with dieting and aging.

Strength training

Which of the following are examples of social support systems that may be helpful with weight control?

Supportive family members Weight loss support groups Registered dietitians

True or false: A national commitment has been made to address the growing weight problem in the United States.

True

True or false: Obesity contributes to several of the leading causes of death in the United States, including cardiovascular disease and cancer.

True

Which of the following is a weight-loss self-help organization in the community?

WW® (formerly called Weight Watchers)

Treatment for overweight and obesity should be

a lifestyle change. long term.

The amount and location of ______ in the body are important predictors of cardiovascular disease risk.

adipose tissue

A weight loss regimen on the internet claims that 10 minutes of physical activity each day is all you need to lose weight. A more successful plan would

also include behavior modification strategies, such as self-monitoring of diet and exercise. incorporate 60 to 90 minutes of physical activity per day. also include dietary strategies to reduce energy intake.

Three key components of a sound weight-loss program are control of calorie intake, increased physical activity, and

behavior modification

The terms such as chain-breaking, stimulus control, cognitive restructuring and self-monitoring are components of _____ modification.

behavior, behavioral, or behaviour

Direct calorimetry measures the amount of

body heat released by a person.

A ______ is the instrument used to determine the calorie content of a food.

bomb calorimeter

The health problems associated with excess body fat include

bone and joint disorders. surgical risks. liver damage.

A diet plan promoted in a fashion magazine states, "Eat all you want and lose 10 pounds in 2 weeks." This statement does NOT agree with sound weight loss recommendations, such as

control problem eating behaviors. set a goal of one pound weight loss per week.

Important components of a successful long-term weight loss include:

controlling calorie intake. modifying problem behaviors. engaging in regular physical activity.

If height, weight, and physical activity level are held constant, energy requirements ______ as an adult ages.

decrease

Match the following behavior modification techniques to the phrases that best explains each.

-Chain breaking = separates behaviors that tend to occur together.-Stimulus Control = Puts is in charge of temptations.-Cognitive Restructuring = changes our frame of mind.-Contingency Management = prepares one for situations that may trigger overeating.-Self Monitoring = reveals patterns of unconscious overeating.

The benefits of physical activity on body composition and metabolic rate include

-increased bone density. -decreased fat mass. -increased lean muscle mass. -increased metabolic rate.

How many calories are in one pound of fat tissue?

3500

The ratio of body weight (in kilograms) to height (in meters)2 is the _____.

BMI

Having a high basal metabolic rate is a possible cause for

BMI less than 18.5.

Select the most reliable treatments for the condition of overweight or obesity.

Behavior modification Increased physical activity Decreased calorie intake

Which of the following groups are committed to addressing the obesity problem in North America?

Community members Health professionals Government agencies

What technique could be used to determine the amount of calories a person expends each day?

Equations taking into account height, weight, physical activity, and age Indirect calorimetry Direct calorimetry

Which of the following may cause a person to become underweight?

Excessive dieting Chemotherapy for treatment of cancer A disease that damages the small intestine

Which of the following factors are used to calculate Estimated Energy Requirements for adults with the Food and Nutrition Board's formula?

Height Weight Age