Nutrition ch 2
The Daily Value is based on consuming a ______ kcal diet.
2000
Jon consumed 5 servings of popcorn while watching a movie. Each serving contained 40% of the daily value for sodium. He therefore consumed ______ % Daily Value for sodium from the bag of popcorn.
40% x 5=200
Physical activity recommendations for children and adolescents include
60 minutes of physical activity per day.
Which of the following are true about the RDA?
A significant deviation (about 70%) below the required RDA for an extended period of time indicates risk of deficiency. The RDA serves as a standard to evaluate intake of specific nutrients.
When there is not sufficient research evidence to set a precise RDA for a nutrient, a(n) ______ is set. This is the amount of nutrient intake assumed to be adequate based on the dietary intakes of people who appear to be maintaining nutritional health.
Adequate Intake (AI)
Choose the statements that accurately describe the current eating patterns in the United States compared to the MyPlate recommendations.
Almost 55% of the population meets the MyPlate recommendation for protein foods. Almost 90% of the population does not meet their requirement for dairy. Approximately 90% of the population does not eat adequate amounts of vegetables.
Nicole is considering two different breakfast cereals. Cereal A has 1.8 milligrams of iron and 190 kcal. Cereal B has 13.2 milligrams of iron and 160 kcal. If Nicole wants to choose the cereal with the highest nutrient density for iron, she should choose ______.
Cereal B
Which of the following are characteristics of a healthy dietary pattern?
Choose a variety of options from each food group. Achieve energy balance by controlling the serving sizes. Meet most nutritional needs from foods and beverages.
Which category of Dietary Reference Intakes sets a specific target for a nutrient that will reduce the risk for a specific disease?
Chronic Disease Risk Reduction Intakes
New rules for the Nutrition Facts label are designed to
combat obesity. promote healthier eating. help consumers make informed decisions about the foods they eat.
The 2020-2025 Dietary Guidelines urge Americans to decrease ______.
consumption of sodium.
Calcium-rich foods are associated with the ______ group.
dairy
Slight deviations, above or below the RDA, ______ lead to a deficiency or toxicity of a nutrient.
do not
Malnutrition refers to
either overnutrition or undernutrition
When choosing a dietary supplement, avoid those for which the recommended dose would
exceed the UL for any nutrients.
How do typical American diets compare to the Dietary Guidelines?
exceed the limits for sodium intake exceed the recommendations for refined grains intake exceed the limits for added sugars intake
True or false: A healthful diet requires people to give up their favorite foods.
false
True or false: The Nutrition Facts Label is updated about every two years.
false
True or false: The terms "contributed to," "is linked to," or "is associated with" all indicate a cause and effect.
false
An example of a nutrient-dense food is
fat-free milk.
A daily serving of a whole grain, ready-to-eat cereal is an excellent choice because it contains vitamins, minerals, and _____.
fiber
Choose the major nutrient contributions from the fruit group.
folate and vitamin C fiber carbohydrate
The 2020-2025 edition of the Dietary Guidelines advises Americans to ______.
follow a healthy dietary pattern at every life stage consume less sodium consume more fruits and vegetables
Eating disorders may lead to ______.
heart abnormalities thinning of bones gastrointestinal problems menstrual irregularities
Choose the factors that determine the correct amount of calories you should consume each day.
height age weight
The MyPlate food guide is designed to promote optimal nutrition status for a(n) _____.
individual
When evaluating the validity of nutrition information you should beware of _____.
lack of evidence from other scientific studies disreputable publication sources promises of dramatic results testimonials about personal experience
FALCPA is a labeling law that requires food manufacturers to clearly indicate the presence of ______ in food products.
major food allergens
The state of failing health that results from long-standing dietary practices that do not coincide with nutritional needs is known as
malnutrition
In the United States, there are ______ deficiencies of calcium, iron, folate and other B vitamins, vitamin C, vitamin D, vitamin E, potassium, magnesium, and fiber.
marginal
Eating small portion sizes and planning your entire day's diet (daily eating plan) so that you don't overconsume any nutrients is a healthful component of the diet known as ______.
moderation
According to the Dietary Guidelines for Americans, Americans should consume ______ seafood.
more
Nutrient claims on food packaging
must follow legal definitions.
A food that provides a lot of nutrients without a lot of calories is considered
nutrient dense.
The ______ of food is determined by comparing the nutrient content with the amount of calories the serving provides.
nutrient density
A food that is ______ has important nutrients but has limited calories, saturated fats, added sugars, or sodium.
nutrient-dense
Which of the following is the most important health concern that informed the development of the Dietary Guidelines for Americans?
obesity
A bonus of consuming a variety of foods from the fruit and vegetable groups is an increased intake of ______.
phytochemicals
Moderation requires ______.
planning your daily eating pattern paying attention to portion sizes of foods
Overnutrition may result from
prolonged consumption of more nutrients than the body needs
The protein percent Daily Value is not required on the Nutrition Facts label because
protein deficiency is not a public health concern in the United States.
Eating disorders ______.
require professional intervention
The Dietary Guidelines recommend that Americans reduce their intakes of
saturated fat. sodium. trans fat.
Why do nutrition recommendations change?
scientists change their recommendations in light of new research findings
The Dietary Guidelines recommend that Americans consume more
seafood. whole grains. fruits and vegetables.
A good way to get a variety in your diet is to
select foods from each of the fie major food groups every day.
A healthful diet plan consists of which of the following?
selecting a variety of foods from each food group paying attention to portion size meeting your daily nutritional needs from foods and beverages
Which category of health claims is allowed by the FDA but is not FDA approved, or necessarily valid?
structure/function claims
What is one of the biggest contributors to weight gain in college students?
sugary or alcoholic beverages
Identify the nutrition claims that may be questionable.
testimonials about personal experience publications without peer review promises of dramatic and rapid results
General goals for nutrient intakes and diet composition set by the United States Department of Agriculture and Health and Human Services are collectively called ______.
the Dietary Guidelines for Americans
The size and duration of a study is important to evaluating a nutrition claim because
the longer the study, the more dependable the findings. the larger the study, the more dependable.
Most nutrition experts agree that
there are no exclusively "good" or "bad" foods
How do health professionals use the Recommended Dietary Allowances?
to evaluate a person's current dietary intake of nutrients
Choose examples of overnutrition.
too much vitamin A intake during pregnancy excess iron intake leading to stomach distress
Healthy eating and practicing a healthy lifestyle will be more successful if we evaluate an individual's ______.
total dietary pattern
According to the Dietary Guidelines, Americans should switch from whole milk to low-fat or fat-free milk and other dairy products.
true
True or false: Disordered eating may lead to an eating disorder such as anorexia nervosa, bulimia nervosa, or binge-eating disorder.
true
True or false: It is possible to be both undernourished and overnourished at the same time.
true
True or false: The dynamic and rapidly advancing field of nutrition necessitates that scientists change their recommendations in the light of new, substantiated findings.
true
If Morgan wants to achieve a desirable nutrition state, she should
try different vegetables (e.g., yams, spinach, and bell peppers) instead of always choosing potatoes.
_____ is the nutritional state characterized by chronically inadequate nutrient intake that leads to failing health.
undernutrition
Which of the following nutritional states lead to poor health?
undernutrition overnutrition
Choosing a number of different foods within any given food group rather than eating the same thing day after day describes a component of a healthful diet known as ______.
variety
Focusing on ______ in diet planning can make meals more interesting and helps to ensure adequate nutrient intake.
variety
What will my diet lack, if I eat healthy food choices from each food group, but I eat the same thing every day?
variety
Which are examples of undernutrition?
vitamin B deficiency iron deficiency
What is the best way to quench your thirst without exceeding your energy needs for the day?
water
Which of the following are healthy ways to avoid unwanted weight gain?
Plan ahead to have healthy meals and snacks. Drink water instead of cola. Exercise regularly
Which of the following are appropriate uses of Dietary Reference Intakes?
Planning a diet for weight loss. Assessing the nutrient intakes of a population Planning a diet to meet nutrient needs.
Select all the nutrients that are not present in adequate amounts in the diets of typical Americans.
Potassium Vitamin D Fiber
Adults should participate in 150 to 300 minutes of moderate-intensity ______ activity each week.
aerobic
What important aspect needed for changing food intake do nutrition and fitness Apps lack?
behavioral theory
A desirable nutrition state is one in which
body tissues have some nutrients stored for times of need. the nutrient has not accumulated to toxic levels in body tissues. essential nutrients are obtained from a variety of foods.
Our___is determined by the balance between calories consumed and calories expended.
body weight
The eating pattern recommended by the Dietary Guidelines
can be adapted based on personal preferences.
No single food provides all the nutrients the human body needs to function optimally. Each food has a distinct nutrient profile. Thus, one way to ensure nutrient adequacy is to
choose a variety of foods from all the food groups and within each food group.
Variety in the diet means
choosing different foods within a given food group (e.g. subgroups). choosing foods from various food groups.
The ______ is a generic nutrient standard used on food labels.
Daily Value
What is a short-term change in eating patterns that typically occurs in response to stress, a desire to change appearance, or a bad habit?
Disordered eating
How is binge drinking defined for a female?
Drinking four or more drinks in a row
Choose examples where one food does not provide all of a person's nutritional needs.
Eggs are a good source of protein but provide little calcium. Meat provides protein and iron but little calcium and no vitamin C.
What is used to determine the Calorie needs of the average person for a specific weight, age, and sex?
Estimated Energy Requirement
Which is a good strategy to prevent the "freshman fifteen?"
Exercise regularly
What are some changes you can make to increase your intake of fruits and vegetables?
Focus on whole fruits. Make half your plate fruits and vegetables. Vary your vegetables to consume a rainbow of colors.
Which federal agency monitors food and beverage labeling in the United States?
Food and Drug Administration
Which statement is true?
Most nutrition experts agree that there are no exclusively good or bad foods.
Which organizations work collaboratively to establish and maintain the Dietary Reference Intakes (DRIs)?
National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine in the United States Health Canada
Why is the percent Daily Value for protein omitted from the Nutrition Facts food label?
Protein is not a public health concern for the majority of people. It would be necessary to know the protein quality of a food which is expensive to determine.
When planning a diet to meet nutrient needs, which standards can be used?
RDA AI
______ is the credential that flags a health professional as the most accurate and reliable source of up-to-date nutrition advice.
RDN
What should you consider when choosing to use a nutrition or fitness phone app?
Recognize that apps have little basis in behavioral theory. App should focus on your underlying nutrition-related concern.
Which of the following are examples of nutrient-dense foods?
Strawberries Fat-free milk Whole-grain cereal
Which of the following sources of nutrition information is least credible?
Testimonials about personal experience
Which is true about the RDA?
The RDA recommends the amount of a nutrient that will meet the needs of about 97% of the population in a particular age/gender group
Select the common philosophies held by registered dietitians concerning foods.
There are no "good" or "bad" foods. Healthy eating does not mean deprivation and misery
Which are true about the Chronic Disease Risk Reduction Intakes?
These are a category of the DRIs. These are disease-specific nutrients that reduce the risk for a disease.
What is the maximum chronic daily intake level of a nutrient that is unlikely to cause adverse health effects in most all people?
Tolerable Upper Intake Level
Choose the multiple purposes of the Dietary Guidelines.
Tool for health professionals to help Americans design healthy eating and activity patterns Create nutrition education materials for the public Develop food, nutrition, and health policies and programs
Which food group covers half the plate providing dense sources of nutrients and phytochemicals?
Vegetables and fruits
The most effective way to obtain phytochemicals is by consuming
a diet rich in fruits and vegetables.
Typical Americans need to reduce their intake of
added sugars
