Nutrition Ch. 8
What blood alcohol concentration (BAC) impairs the heart rate and often results in death?
0.41 and greater
In general, what percentage of alcohol is directly absorbed through the stomach and into the blood?
20%
What percentage of adolescents in the United States have reported consuming alcohol by age 15?
30%
Alcohol provides _____ kilocalories (kcal) per gram.
7
Which of these statements is FALSE?
Cirrhosis of the liver is a reversible condition.
Which of the following is a characteristic of alcohol use disorder (AUD)?
the development of a dependency on alcohol in which abstinence causes withdrawal symptoms
Which of these is considered a "standard" size drink?
One 12-ounce serving of beer
A standard drink is considered _____.
a 12-ounce bottle of beer a 5-ounce glass of wine a 1.5-ounce shot of liquor
Which of the following facial characteristic(s) is/are common in children born with fetal alcohol syndrome (FAS)?
a low nasal bridge a small head circumference an indistinct philtrum (groove between nose and upper lip)
Of the following, who should not drink alcohol?
a pregnant woman a teenager A person riding a lawn mower a person riding a lawn mower
Blood alcohol concentration (BAC) is the _
amount of alcohol in blood, measured in grams of alcohol per deciliter of blood
Drinking four to five alcoholic beverages or more on one occasion in a short period of time is called _____.
binge drinking
The stages of alcoholic liver disease, in order, are:
fatty liver, alcoholic hepatitis, cirrhosis
Some studies suggest that moderate alcohol consumption may _
reduce the risk for heart disease
The enzyme alcohol dehydrogenase is found in the ________.
stomach and liver
If a mixed drink contains 20 grams of alcohol, how many kilocalories (kcal) are obtained from the alcohol?
140
The safe amount of alcohol that a pregnant woman can consume is ________.
none
Which of these statements about the metabolism of alcohol is true?
All of these statements are true. Some alcohol is metabolized in the stomach by the enzyme alcohol dehydrogenase. Some alcohol is absorbed through the stomach. Most alcohol is absorbed in the small intestine
Alcohol is a(n) ________.
Depressant
Alcoholic beverages are made by the processes of _
fermentation and distillation
Which of the following factors affect(s) the rate of absorption and the metabolism of alcohol?
gender and the amount of food in the stomach
Which of the following hormones does alcohol interfere with?
insulin glucagon reproductive hormones
The major site of alcohol metabolism in the body is the _____.
liver
Individuals who chronically drink excessively are at increased risk for _____.
malnutrition gastritis inflammation of the esophagus fatty liver
In addition to alcohol dehydrogenase, what enzyme system is involved in metabolizing alcohol?
the microsomal ethanol-oxidizing system (MEOS)
The best cure for a hangover is _____.
time and abstinence
Women are more susceptible than men to the effects of alcohol because ________.
women have less alcohol dehydrogenase than men