Nutrition Ch.2

True or false: We are ultimately responsible for protecting ourselves when it comes to supplement use because the FDA does not regulate products until they enter the marketplace.

True

______ is the credential that flags a health professional as the most accurate and reliable source of up-to-date nutrition advice. RD RN MD

RD

The Dietary Supplement Health and Education Act (DSHEA) of 1994 defines a supplement as a product that______. (Multiple Answers) is promoted as a conventional food contains one or more dietary ingredients adds to a person's dietary intake

contains one or more dietary ingredients adds to a person's dietary intake

Which of the following are ways to be a careful consumer of nutrition information from the Internet? (Multiple Answers) do not trust information on websites that do not indicate valid sources rely on websites that advertise diet-related products avoid websites that provide online diagnoses and treatments search multiple websites

do not trust information on websites that do not indicate valid sources avoid websites that provide online diagnoses and treatments search multiple websites

Nutrition scientists conduct _____ studies to obtain information about health conditions that may result from specific dietary practices. observational independent experimental

experimental

Dietary supplements are also referred to as _____.

nutraceuticals

Using a copper bracelet to treat arthritis is an example of

quackery

make observationsWhat is considered the first step when conducting experimental research? conduct the research develop the hypothesis design the study make observations

make observations

Double-blind studies

neither investigators nor subjects are aware of the subject's group assignments. Codes are used to identify a subject's group membership, this information is not revealed until the end of the study

________ is the presentation of information masquerading as factual and obtained by scientific methods.

psuedoscience

Epidemiology

study of occurrence, distribution, and cause of health problems in populations

Epidemiologists often rely on ______ people to obtain health data. (Multiple Answers) clinical trials of surveys of physical examinations of

surveys of physical examinations of

A college-trained health-care professional who has extensive knowledge of foods and nutrition is called a (Multiple Answers) registered dietitian nutritionist (RDN). nutritionist. certified fitness and nutrition trainer. registered dietitian (RD).

registered dietitian nutritionist (RDN). registered dietitian (RD).

A(n) conclusion___ is a possible explanation for an observation that guides scientific research.

hypothesis

Epidemiology is the study of several characteristics of health problems in populations including______. their occurrence their distribution exact cause and effect

their occurrence their distribution

A control group is important for which of the following reasons? (Multiple Answers) It allows scientists to determine if a treatment had an effect. It enables scientists to control the influence of other variables in the study. It provides members with the treatment being tested. It allows scientists to randomize their subjects.

It allows scientists to determine if a treatment had an effect. It enables scientists to control the influence of other variables in the study.

Choose the true statements about the role of the FDA in approving dietary supplements. (Multiple Answers) A manufacturer of a dietary supplement does not need FDA approval before introducing their product to the market. Dietary supplements follow the same rigorous review by the FDA as medications. Manufacturers do not have to provide proof of the efficacy of a dietary supplement. Dietary supplements do not follow the same rigorous review as medications.

A manufacturer of a dietary supplement does not need FDA approval before introducing their product to the market. Manufacturers do not have to provide proof of the efficacy of a dietary supplement. Dietary supplements do not follow the same rigorous review as medications.

Which of the following are suggestions to help consumers make healthful and logical nutrition decisions? (Multiple Answers) Avoid practitioners who prescribe unnecessary megadoses of nutrients. Read product labels carefully. Examine the scientific credentials of the individual or company making a claim. Apply healthy nutrition practices to confirm or disprove claims. Avoid products supported by more than one clinical research study.

Avoid practitioners who prescribe unnecessary megadoses of nutrients. Read product labels carefully. Examine the scientific credentials of the individual or company making a claim. Apply healthy nutrition practices to confirm or disprove claims.

Experimental epidemiological studies utilize______. (Multiple Answers) a placebo group a treatment group a control group a testimonial group

a treatment group a control group

Dr. Black is conducting a scientific study in which codes are used to identify a subject's group membership, and this information is not revealed until the end of the study. Dr. Black is conducting a______. cohort study double-blind study single-blind study

double-blind study