nutrition ch.2

food and nutrition board established ____ for specific amount of nutrients

(RDAs) recommended dietary allowance

percentage of total calories for fats

20-35

percentage of total calories for carbs

45-65

nutritional status

health as it is influenced by intake and use of nutrients analysis of food intakes or food availability physical heath, lifestyle, medical history

health or structure/function claim "lowers cholesterol"

health claim fda approval

RDAs and Adequate Intakes (AIs) are used for

identifying the amount of nutrients most healthy people should consume.

MY plate

illustrate proportions of 5 food groups (5 veggie subgroups, proteins, whole grains, fruit, dairy) moderation in portion size showing nutrient dense foods to help balance calories

ingredient lists are required for foods w/

more than 1 ingredient

structure/ function claims do not require approval but

must notify FDA when used on dietary supplement labels must include disclaimers "fda has not evaluated the claim"

nutrient content of qualified "good source of fiber"

nutrient content claim

dietary supplements may have

nutrient content claims, health claims, structure/function claims

estimated average requirements (EARS)

nutrient intake estimated to meet the needs of 50% of healthy individuals within a gender of life stage group used to assess populations nutrition adequacy not an individuals intake

limit intake of

solid fats (trans, sat, cholesterol) sodium added sugars refine grains alcohol

The Tolerable Upper Intake (ULs)

suggest the maximum intake level to avoid the risk of adverse health effects.

dietary supplements are required to have

supplements facts panel

t/f FStructure/function claims on dietary supplement labels are not regulated as rigorously as health claims.

true

t/f Gender, age and activity level all affect your energy needs (EER).

true

t/f The original purpose of the RDAs was to make recommendations on amounts of energy and on specific nutrients that were most likely to be deficient in people's diets.

true

t/f obtaining extra calories from empty calories should be done in moderation

true

what should a typical plate look like according to my plate

1/2 fruit n veggies 1/2 grain and protein

percentage of total calories for protein

10-35%

daily values are based on a ____ calorie diet

2000

The Recommend Dietary Allowance (RDA) is set so that ______ of the population meets its health needs.

97%

what can help you plan for a diet

DRIs MyPlate dietary guidelines for americans

who determines the serving size for all foods

FDA must use fl. oz and cups

tolerable upper intake level (Uls)

MAx daily nutrient intakes highest amount of nutrient that wont cause toxicity UL is set for all sources, supplement, fortified foods not enough data available to set ULs for all nutrients unlikely to pose health risk

The DRI that is most commonly used to determine the nutritional value of individual diets are the

Recommended Dietary Allowances.

structure/ function claims may appear on food labels but

are not required to notify the FDA or include disclaimers

estimated energy requirement (EERs)

average energy intake values predicted to maintain weight in healthy individuals based on gender, height, weight, physical activity)

dietary guidelines for Americans

balance calorie intake w/activity 2.5 cups of fruits/veggies daily fruit > fruit juice eat variety of veggies/proteins use whole grains low/no fat dairy oils no fats

empty calories

calories from solid fats and/or added sugars add calories to food but few nutrients

discretionary calories

calories remaining after an individual has met recommended intake levels w/ healthy choices from all the food groups

food labels

designed to help consumers make healthy choices provide info about nutrients in a food/ how it fits into diet

steps to assessing nutritional status

determine typical food intake analyze nutrient intake evaluate physical health consider medical history/ lifestyle assess w/laboratory tests

exchange lists were developed in the 1950's for

diabetics

what is MY plate based on

dietary guidelines

what does the gov use to promote health and avoid chronic disease

dietary reference intake food labels USDA food guide my plate dietary guidelines for Americans

how often are dietary guidelines renewed

every 5 yrs

t/f Dietary Reference Intakes (DRIs) are the recommended amounts of nutrients strictly to prevent deficiency.

false

in order to have a health claim,

it must be reviewed by FDA food must be a naturally good source of one of 6 nutrients can not contain more than 20% DV for fat, saturated fat, cholesterol, sodium8

dietary suppements are governed by

laws for food not drugs

ingredient list contents in order from

most abundant to least abundant based on weight

adequate intake (AIs)

nutrient intakes used when there's not enough data available for RDAs estimation of amounts needed to sustain health based on what people typically eat amount people should consume on avg over several days/weeks

all packaged foods must have

nutrition facts panel ingredients list

exchange lists

organize foods by their proportions of carbs, fat, protein provide extra help in achieving calorie control and moderation

myplate daily food plan

ounces: grains (6) and protein (5 1./2)-*- cups: fruits (2), veggies( 2 1/2), dairy(3) teaspoons: oils (6) 150 mins of activity/wk

Which of the following nutrients is not required to appear on a Nutrition Facts panel?

polyunsaturated fat amount

government has been providing nutrition info to

prevent micronutrient deficiencies promote healthy workforce

nutrient content or qualified health claim "some scientific evidence suggests.... however FDA has not determined..."

qualified

FDA requires that the nutrition facts panel on food labels present info in 2 ways

quantities % of Daily value

dietary reference intakes (DRI)

recommend amount of energy, nutrients, and other food components stay healthy, prevent deficiencies, decrease chronic disease risk set for gender, stages of life

acceptable macronutrient distribution ranges (AMDR)

recommended protein, carbs, fat intake ranges to decrease disease risk and provide diet flexibility

daily value

reference values developed by the FDA for the use on the food label

most sodium comes from

salt and unprocessed foods

nutrition facts panel consist of

serving size servings per container total calories calories from fat amount of nutrients in a standard serving % of daily values (DV)

dietary allowances (RDAs)

set higher than EARs amount of nutrients that meets the needs of MOST healthy people (within gender/ lifestage group) amounts people should consume on avg over several days/ weeks if nutrient intake meets RDA standards, the risk of deficiency is very low

purpose of dietary guidelines for Americans

set of diet and lifestyle recommendations to promote health and reduce disease evidence based nutrition guidelines for ages 2 and up

nutrient content claims

statements that highlight a nutrient of a food that might be of interest to consumers Food and drug administration (FDA) establish specific descriptors

health claims

statements that refer to a relationship between a nutrient, food, food component, or dietary supplement and reduced risk of a diseae or health related condition

health or structure/function "helps maintain normal cholesterol levels"

stru0cture/function claim no fda approval needed

qualified health claims

supported by scientific evidence emerging but not well established evidence must have a qualifying statement "some scientific evidence suggests.... however FDA has not determined..."

its important to compare serving size on the label to

the amount you actually consume

exchange lists sort foods according to

their energy-nutrient contents

t/f Dietary supplements are required to carry a Supplement Facts panel similar to the Nutrition Facts panel on food labels.

true

t/f serving sizes are not the same as the ones used in the USDA food guide

true