nutrition ch.2
food and nutrition board established ____ for specific amount of nutrients
(RDAs) recommended dietary allowance
percentage of total calories for fats
20-35
percentage of total calories for carbs
45-65
nutritional status
health as it is influenced by intake and use of nutrients analysis of food intakes or food availability physical heath, lifestyle, medical history
health or structure/function claim "lowers cholesterol"
health claim fda approval
RDAs and Adequate Intakes (AIs) are used for
identifying the amount of nutrients most healthy people should consume.
MY plate
illustrate proportions of 5 food groups (5 veggie subgroups, proteins, whole grains, fruit, dairy) moderation in portion size showing nutrient dense foods to help balance calories
ingredient lists are required for foods w/
more than 1 ingredient
structure/ function claims do not require approval but
must notify FDA when used on dietary supplement labels must include disclaimers "fda has not evaluated the claim"
nutrient content of qualified "good source of fiber"
nutrient content claim
dietary supplements may have
nutrient content claims, health claims, structure/function claims
estimated average requirements (EARS)
nutrient intake estimated to meet the needs of 50% of healthy individuals within a gender of life stage group used to assess populations nutrition adequacy not an individuals intake
limit intake of
solid fats (trans, sat, cholesterol) sodium added sugars refine grains alcohol
The Tolerable Upper Intake (ULs)
suggest the maximum intake level to avoid the risk of adverse health effects.
dietary supplements are required to have
supplements facts panel
t/f FStructure/function claims on dietary supplement labels are not regulated as rigorously as health claims.
true
t/f Gender, age and activity level all affect your energy needs (EER).
true
t/f The original purpose of the RDAs was to make recommendations on amounts of energy and on specific nutrients that were most likely to be deficient in people's diets.
true
t/f obtaining extra calories from empty calories should be done in moderation
true
what should a typical plate look like according to my plate
1/2 fruit n veggies 1/2 grain and protein
percentage of total calories for protein
10-35%
daily values are based on a ____ calorie diet
2000
The Recommend Dietary Allowance (RDA) is set so that ______ of the population meets its health needs.
97%
what can help you plan for a diet
DRIs MyPlate dietary guidelines for americans
who determines the serving size for all foods
FDA must use fl. oz and cups
tolerable upper intake level (Uls)
MAx daily nutrient intakes highest amount of nutrient that wont cause toxicity UL is set for all sources, supplement, fortified foods not enough data available to set ULs for all nutrients unlikely to pose health risk
The DRI that is most commonly used to determine the nutritional value of individual diets are the
Recommended Dietary Allowances.
structure/ function claims may appear on food labels but
are not required to notify the FDA or include disclaimers
estimated energy requirement (EERs)
average energy intake values predicted to maintain weight in healthy individuals based on gender, height, weight, physical activity)
dietary guidelines for Americans
balance calorie intake w/activity 2.5 cups of fruits/veggies daily fruit > fruit juice eat variety of veggies/proteins use whole grains low/no fat dairy oils no fats
empty calories
calories from solid fats and/or added sugars add calories to food but few nutrients
discretionary calories
calories remaining after an individual has met recommended intake levels w/ healthy choices from all the food groups
food labels
designed to help consumers make healthy choices provide info about nutrients in a food/ how it fits into diet
steps to assessing nutritional status
determine typical food intake analyze nutrient intake evaluate physical health consider medical history/ lifestyle assess w/laboratory tests
exchange lists were developed in the 1950's for
diabetics
what is MY plate based on
dietary guidelines
what does the gov use to promote health and avoid chronic disease
dietary reference intake food labels USDA food guide my plate dietary guidelines for Americans
how often are dietary guidelines renewed
every 5 yrs
t/f Dietary Reference Intakes (DRIs) are the recommended amounts of nutrients strictly to prevent deficiency.
false
in order to have a health claim,
it must be reviewed by FDA food must be a naturally good source of one of 6 nutrients can not contain more than 20% DV for fat, saturated fat, cholesterol, sodium8
dietary suppements are governed by
laws for food not drugs
ingredient list contents in order from
most abundant to least abundant based on weight
adequate intake (AIs)
nutrient intakes used when there's not enough data available for RDAs estimation of amounts needed to sustain health based on what people typically eat amount people should consume on avg over several days/weeks
all packaged foods must have
nutrition facts panel ingredients list
exchange lists
organize foods by their proportions of carbs, fat, protein provide extra help in achieving calorie control and moderation
myplate daily food plan
ounces: grains (6) and protein (5 1./2)-*- cups: fruits (2), veggies( 2 1/2), dairy(3) teaspoons: oils (6) 150 mins of activity/wk
Which of the following nutrients is not required to appear on a Nutrition Facts panel?
polyunsaturated fat amount
government has been providing nutrition info to
prevent micronutrient deficiencies promote healthy workforce
nutrient content or qualified health claim "some scientific evidence suggests.... however FDA has not determined..."
qualified
FDA requires that the nutrition facts panel on food labels present info in 2 ways
quantities % of Daily value
dietary reference intakes (DRI)
recommend amount of energy, nutrients, and other food components stay healthy, prevent deficiencies, decrease chronic disease risk set for gender, stages of life
acceptable macronutrient distribution ranges (AMDR)
recommended protein, carbs, fat intake ranges to decrease disease risk and provide diet flexibility
daily value
reference values developed by the FDA for the use on the food label
most sodium comes from
salt and unprocessed foods
nutrition facts panel consist of
serving size servings per container total calories calories from fat amount of nutrients in a standard serving % of daily values (DV)
dietary allowances (RDAs)
set higher than EARs amount of nutrients that meets the needs of MOST healthy people (within gender/ lifestage group) amounts people should consume on avg over several days/ weeks if nutrient intake meets RDA standards, the risk of deficiency is very low
purpose of dietary guidelines for Americans
set of diet and lifestyle recommendations to promote health and reduce disease evidence based nutrition guidelines for ages 2 and up
nutrient content claims
statements that highlight a nutrient of a food that might be of interest to consumers Food and drug administration (FDA) establish specific descriptors
health claims
statements that refer to a relationship between a nutrient, food, food component, or dietary supplement and reduced risk of a diseae or health related condition
health or structure/function "helps maintain normal cholesterol levels"
stru0cture/function claim no fda approval needed
qualified health claims
supported by scientific evidence emerging but not well established evidence must have a qualifying statement "some scientific evidence suggests.... however FDA has not determined..."
its important to compare serving size on the label to
the amount you actually consume
exchange lists sort foods according to
their energy-nutrient contents
t/f Dietary supplements are required to carry a Supplement Facts panel similar to the Nutrition Facts panel on food labels.
true
t/f serving sizes are not the same as the ones used in the USDA food guide
true