nutrition chap. 14

A nursing mother who began her pregnancy at a healthy weight and gained the recommended pregnancy pounds needs to consume ________ calories more daily during the first six months of lactation than she did when not pregnant.

330

A woman who began her pregnancy at a healthy weight and gained a healthy amount of pregnancy weight needs ________ more calories from food every day than when she was not pregnant.

330

During the second trimester, women need an additional ________ calories/day.

340

Breastmilk can be frozen for up to

6 months

Baby Samantha was born at 7 pounds, so by her first birthday, she should weigh

21 pounds.

Women who begin pregnancy at a healthy weight should gain ________ pounds during pregnancy

25 to 35

Maria is hesitant about her ability to meet the recommendation of exclusive breast-feeding for ________ because of her work schedule.

6 weeks

To reduce the risk of neural tube defects, women should consume adequate amounts of folic acid

prior to conception, during pregnancy and lactation.

Women should also abstain from alcohol, smoking, and caffeine, and strive for a healthy weight

prior to conception, during pregnancy and lactation.

Cravings of ________ should be reported to a health care practitioner.

raw flour and cornstarch

Heartburn and constipation are likely to occur in the ________ trimester.

third

Baby Joe tends to fall asleep while bottle feeding. He is likely to develop

tooth decay

Ashley just discovered that she is having twins. She now weighs 120 pounds. By the end of the pregnancy, she should weigh between 157 and 174 pounds.

true

During the first trimester, pregnant women who begin their pregnancy at a healthy weight should consume the same number of calories daily as the number of calories prior to pregnancy.

true

For vegetarian and vegan mothers, omega-3 fatty acids, choline, and vitamin B12 may be of concern during pregnancy.

true

Gaining excess weight during pregnancy makes it more difficult to lose the weight once the baby is born.

true

Mary drinks about four cups of home-brewed coffee a day. Now that she is pregnant, she needs to have half as much coffee.

true

Pregnant women should limit their daily caffeine intake to 200 milligrams or less.

true

The best overall strategy for meeting nutrient needs during pregnancy is for the pregnant woman to eat a balanced diet and take prenatal supplements.

true

Women who are having twins should plan to gain between 37 and 54 pounds.

true

Women who begin their pregnancies at a healthy weight need to gain 25 to 35 pounds.

true

Women with the urge to eat nonfood items and large amounts of foods such as raw flour or cornstarch should tell their doctor immediately because but it may signal anemia and/or iron and zinc deficiencies in the diet.

true

Women with the urge to eat nonfood items and large amounts of foods such as raw flour or cornstarch should tell their doctor immediately because it may signal anemia and/or iron and zinc deficiencies in the diet.

true

Women who take longer to conceive are likely to be

over age 35.

Throughout the third trimester, Ana, who entered the pregnancy at a healthy weight, should gain

12 pounds

A breast-feeding woman should drink about ________ cups of water and beverages daily.

13

Pregnant women require a minimum of ________ grams of carbohydrates.

175

________ can be expressed, with a breast pump, refrigerated, and fed to the baby in a bottle by another caregiver at any time.

Breastmilk

________ of American pregnant women develop gestational diabetes.

Two to ten percent

Who among the following mothers is most likely to have multiple births?

a mother who is over 30 years old

Smoking cigarettes, alcohol abuse, poor diet, and obesity are associated with

abnormal sperm.

Breastmilk provides protection against infections, allergies, and chronic diseases because it contains

antibodies.

Baby Mary is 7 months old so she should be

breast-fed and eating baby cereal.

The least expensive and most convenient way to nourish an infant and help the mother and baby to bond is

breast-feeding.

A 10% increase in exclusive breastfeeding up to 6 months would

decrease health care costs.

Mothers who breastfeed

decrease their infants' risk of childhood obesity in later years.

A mother who breastfeeds her baby returns to her prepregnancy weight

earlier than a mother who does not breastfeed.

After sustained fetal exposure to alcohol during pregnancy, Baby Juan will develop heart defects in the hospital nursery.

false

Alcohol in cough and cold medicines is so minimal that it cannot harm a developing fetus.

false

All pregnant women experience pica.

false

If a woman is overweight at the conception, she should gain as little weight as possible.

false

If a woman is underweight at the conception, she should gain as much weight as possible.

false

Since caffeine has a different effect on different women, there is no recommended limit for caffeine among pregnant women.

false

The best way for pregnant women to meet her nutrient needs is to eat a balanced diet; supplements are optional.

false

The heavier a woman is at the time of conception, the less her baby should weigh at birth.

false

The more weight a pregnant woman gains, the better.

false

Throughout the pregnancy, all women develop food aversions and food cravings.

false

Women should tell their doctor immediately about all food cravings because but it may signal anemia and/or iron and zinc deficiencies in the diet.

false

Since Mary has been experiencing heartburn, she needs to

have fewer spicy foods.

Typical symptoms of gestational diabetes in babies include:

jaundice, breathing problems, and birth defects.

Inadequate nutrient intakes during pregnancy ________ a child's risk of metabolic diseases in adulthood.

may increase

Mary often has a deli turkey wrap for lunch. Now that she is pregnant, she could

order the veggie wrap instead.

Camembert, brie, and blue cheeses, deli meats and smoked seafood

should be avoided during pregnancy.

Mothers' consumption of alcohol, caffeine, and methylmercury in fish during breastfeeding

should be zero.

By the seventh month of her pregnancy, Anne had developed heartburn and constipation. You recommend

smaller and frequent meals.

Pregnancy-induced hypertension, preterm and low birth weight babies, smoking, drinking alcohol, and taking illicit drugs are associated with mothers who are

teenage mothers