Nutrition Chapter 1

If you are 60 inches tall, what is your height in centimeters?

(60)(2.54) = 152.4

Select all that apply Common usage aside, which of the following statements are technically accurate?

- 1 kilocalorie = 1000 calories - 1 kilocalorie = 1 Calorie

No specific food contains _____ the nutrients needed by the body.

- all of

1 calorie with a lowercase "c" =

.0001 kilocalorie

1 kilocalorie = how many calories

1000 calories

A kilogram equals 1000 grams or about _____ pounds.

2.2 pounds

how many centimeters are in an inch?

2.54 cm

A food with 120 kcal from protein, has about _____ grams of protein.

30

how many kilocalories of energy per gram of protein?

4

how many grams are in a pound?

454 grams are in a pound

about how many nutrients are considered essential?

50

How many kilocalories are in one gram of alcohol?

7 kilocalories in 1 gram of alcohol

How many kilocalories is provided by 10 grams of pure alcohol?

70 kilocalories

Which of the following best describes a kilocalorie?

A unit describing the energy content of food.

Increasing the number of adults who are at a healthy weight, reducing the number of children who are obese, and increasing the calcium intake for people who are 2 years of age or older are all objectives of______.

Healthy People 2030

The information we have about diet and its relationship to health is constantly changing as new research becomes available.

True

Which statements are true when comparing nutrient composition in the bodies of men and women?

Women have less water and protein, and more fat

An energy intake greater than energy expenditure results in _____.

body fat increase

The study of the composition and characteristics of matter and changes that can happen to it is called

chemistry

What occurs when an essential nutrient is missing from the diet?

deficiency disease will occur

A person's usual pattern of food intake is called______.

diet

If a vitamin, amino acid, herb, or mineral is sold, it is considered a ______ supplement

dietary

what is the function of lipids in the body?

energy source and necessary for the absorption of certain vitamins

what is the function of vitamins in the body?

maintenance of immune function, production and maintenance of tissues, and protection against agents that can damage cellular components

A centimeter is

one hundredth of a meter

The purpose of UNICEF is to ______.

provide high-quality food for undernourished populations

what is the function of minerals in the body?

regulation of fluid balance, formation of certain chemical messengers, structural and functional components of various substances and tissues

The endosperm is mostly _____.

starch

what is the function of water?

temperature regulation

In 2016, the National Academy of Sciences reported ______.

that there is no scientific evidence that indicates genetically engineered crops are unsafe for humans or harmful to the environment

what is endosperm?

tissue that surrounds seeds of plants

All of the following nutrients provide energy for cells EXCEPT Blank______.

vitamins

_____ is the most essential nutrient

water

Nuts are an example of a food that is energy dense but does not contain empty calories.

True. Nuts are high in fat but also contain protein, vitamins, minerals and fiber.

Overweight or obese Americans are an example of _________.

- malnutrition - overnutrition

Select all that apply What contributes to the spread of infectious disease in developing countries?

- poor sanitation practices - lack of clean cooking and drinking water

In order to reduce hunger, families and small farmers in underdeveloped countries can learn more efficient ways to______.

- process food - grow food - distribute food

Poor eating habits contribute to the development of _____.

- some types of cancer - type 2 diabetes - excess body fat - heart disease

Nutrition-related factors that contribute to many worldwide deaths in children under 5 years include _____

- undernutrition - vitamin deficiency

Which of the following are the major classes of nutrients?

- water - carbohydrates - lipids

Select all that apply Which of the following nutrients are considered essential?

- water - iron - glucose

Calorie with an uppercase "C" =

1 kilocalorie

Phytochemicals are a nutrient.

FALSE

True or False Question Most foods are predominantly one nutrient.

False.

Phytochemicals are found in ______ and provide significant health benefits.

fruits and vegetables

Who has more body water?

men

what is the function of lipids?

necessary for the absorption of certain vitamins

What term describes the amount of a nutrient that is within the range of safe intake and enables the body to function optimally?

physiological dose

Many ______ are antioxidants that may reduce risks of heart disease and certain cancers.

phytochemicals

what is the function of carbohydrates?

primary role is to provide most forms of energy

what is the function of protein?

production of structural components, such as cell membranes, and functional components, such as enzymes.

what is the function of water in the body?

regulation of body temperature, elimination of wastes, and transportation of substances

Americans with low incomes and individuals suffering from anorexia nervosa and chronic alcoholism are at increased risk of______.

undernutrition

Poor eating habits contribute to the leading causes of death to Americans. The top two leading causes of death to Americans are _____.

- cancer - heart disease

Dietary moderation can be achieved by______.

- consuming foods in reasonable amounts - obtaining nutrients from the food one eats

Select all that apply Choose the statements that are true about essential nutrients.

- essential nutrients must be supplied by food - the body does not make enough of the nutrient to meet the body's needs or does not make the nutrient

Which of the following diseases would be considered chronic?

- heart disease - cancer

By making certain dietary changes (such as decreasing fat intake), a person may _____.

- lessen the severity of a disease - forestall the development of certain diseases

Select all that apply Which of the following nutrients function by regulating body processes and providing energy for the body?

- lipids - proteins

______ is the scientific study of nutrients and how the body uses them.

Nutrition

Special diets prescribed for people with chronic health conditions are called _____.

medical nutrition therapies

______ is the total of all chemical processes that occur in living cells.

metabolism

The standard of measurement used in nutrition is the _____ system

metric

Consuming reasonable amounts of food while obtaining enough nutrients from food is defined as dietary______.

moderation