Nutrition Chapter 1
If you are 60 inches tall, what is your height in centimeters?
(60)(2.54) = 152.4
Select all that apply Common usage aside, which of the following statements are technically accurate?
- 1 kilocalorie = 1000 calories - 1 kilocalorie = 1 Calorie
No specific food contains _____ the nutrients needed by the body.
- all of
1 calorie with a lowercase "c" =
.0001 kilocalorie
1 kilocalorie = how many calories
1000 calories
A kilogram equals 1000 grams or about _____ pounds.
2.2 pounds
how many centimeters are in an inch?
2.54 cm
A food with 120 kcal from protein, has about _____ grams of protein.
30
how many kilocalories of energy per gram of protein?
4
how many grams are in a pound?
454 grams are in a pound
about how many nutrients are considered essential?
50
How many kilocalories are in one gram of alcohol?
7 kilocalories in 1 gram of alcohol
How many kilocalories is provided by 10 grams of pure alcohol?
70 kilocalories
Which of the following best describes a kilocalorie?
A unit describing the energy content of food.
Increasing the number of adults who are at a healthy weight, reducing the number of children who are obese, and increasing the calcium intake for people who are 2 years of age or older are all objectives of______.
Healthy People 2030
The information we have about diet and its relationship to health is constantly changing as new research becomes available.
True
Which statements are true when comparing nutrient composition in the bodies of men and women?
Women have less water and protein, and more fat
An energy intake greater than energy expenditure results in _____.
body fat increase
The study of the composition and characteristics of matter and changes that can happen to it is called
chemistry
What occurs when an essential nutrient is missing from the diet?
deficiency disease will occur
A person's usual pattern of food intake is called______.
diet
If a vitamin, amino acid, herb, or mineral is sold, it is considered a ______ supplement
dietary
what is the function of lipids in the body?
energy source and necessary for the absorption of certain vitamins
what is the function of vitamins in the body?
maintenance of immune function, production and maintenance of tissues, and protection against agents that can damage cellular components
A centimeter is
one hundredth of a meter
The purpose of UNICEF is to ______.
provide high-quality food for undernourished populations
what is the function of minerals in the body?
regulation of fluid balance, formation of certain chemical messengers, structural and functional components of various substances and tissues
The endosperm is mostly _____.
starch
what is the function of water?
temperature regulation
In 2016, the National Academy of Sciences reported ______.
that there is no scientific evidence that indicates genetically engineered crops are unsafe for humans or harmful to the environment
what is endosperm?
tissue that surrounds seeds of plants
All of the following nutrients provide energy for cells EXCEPT Blank______.
vitamins
_____ is the most essential nutrient
water
Nuts are an example of a food that is energy dense but does not contain empty calories.
True. Nuts are high in fat but also contain protein, vitamins, minerals and fiber.
Overweight or obese Americans are an example of _________.
- malnutrition - overnutrition
Select all that apply What contributes to the spread of infectious disease in developing countries?
- poor sanitation practices - lack of clean cooking and drinking water
In order to reduce hunger, families and small farmers in underdeveloped countries can learn more efficient ways to______.
- process food - grow food - distribute food
Poor eating habits contribute to the development of _____.
- some types of cancer - type 2 diabetes - excess body fat - heart disease
Nutrition-related factors that contribute to many worldwide deaths in children under 5 years include _____
- undernutrition - vitamin deficiency
Which of the following are the major classes of nutrients?
- water - carbohydrates - lipids
Select all that apply Which of the following nutrients are considered essential?
- water - iron - glucose
Calorie with an uppercase "C" =
1 kilocalorie
Phytochemicals are a nutrient.
FALSE
True or False Question Most foods are predominantly one nutrient.
False.
Phytochemicals are found in ______ and provide significant health benefits.
fruits and vegetables
Who has more body water?
men
what is the function of lipids?
necessary for the absorption of certain vitamins
What term describes the amount of a nutrient that is within the range of safe intake and enables the body to function optimally?
physiological dose
Many ______ are antioxidants that may reduce risks of heart disease and certain cancers.
phytochemicals
what is the function of carbohydrates?
primary role is to provide most forms of energy
what is the function of protein?
production of structural components, such as cell membranes, and functional components, such as enzymes.
what is the function of water in the body?
regulation of body temperature, elimination of wastes, and transportation of substances
Americans with low incomes and individuals suffering from anorexia nervosa and chronic alcoholism are at increased risk of______.
undernutrition
Poor eating habits contribute to the leading causes of death to Americans. The top two leading causes of death to Americans are _____.
- cancer - heart disease
Dietary moderation can be achieved by______.
- consuming foods in reasonable amounts - obtaining nutrients from the food one eats
Select all that apply Choose the statements that are true about essential nutrients.
- essential nutrients must be supplied by food - the body does not make enough of the nutrient to meet the body's needs or does not make the nutrient
Which of the following diseases would be considered chronic?
- heart disease - cancer
By making certain dietary changes (such as decreasing fat intake), a person may _____.
- lessen the severity of a disease - forestall the development of certain diseases
Select all that apply Which of the following nutrients function by regulating body processes and providing energy for the body?
- lipids - proteins
______ is the scientific study of nutrients and how the body uses them.
Nutrition
Special diets prescribed for people with chronic health conditions are called _____.
medical nutrition therapies
______ is the total of all chemical processes that occur in living cells.
metabolism
The standard of measurement used in nutrition is the _____ system
metric
Consuming reasonable amounts of food while obtaining enough nutrients from food is defined as dietary______.
moderation
