Nutrition Exam

A serving of food contains 15 g carbohydrate, 2 g protein, 4 oz of water, 5 g fat, 25 mcg vitamin A, 2.5 mg niacin, and 0.8 mg iron. Based on this information, a serving of this food supplies ________ kcal.

113

A serving of food contains 25 g carbohydrate, 10 g protein, 8 g fat, 5 mg vitamin iron, and 4 oz of water. Based on this information, a serving of this food supplies ________ kcal.

212

According to the Nutrition Facts panel on a package of frozen mango slices, a serving of fruit provides approximately 5% of the DV for potassium. The DV for potassium is 4700 mg. Approximately how many mg of potassium are in a serving of the mango slices?

235

Marty's usual caloric intake is 2800 kcal per day. According to the Dietary Guidelines for Americans, added sugars should contribute less than 10% of a person's total energy intake. Therefore, he should limit his added sugar intake to less than ________ kcal per day.

280

To establish a nutrient's RDA, nutrition scientists add ________ of the nutrient to its EAR.

A "margin of safety" amount

What is the primary source of energy ("energy currency") for your cells?

ATP

Which of the following statements is true?

Acid reflux often results when the gastroesophageal sphincter fails to close properly.

Derek consumes a protein-rich drink before and after his workouts. He told his workout partner that he became 200% stronger within a couple of months after he added the drink to his diet. His report about the positive effects of the special drink is an example of a(an)

Anecdote

Men's Journal and Family Circle may be unreliable sources of nutrition information, because

Articles in such popular magazine generally do not undergo peer-review before they are published.

Which of the following cellular activities is an example of anabolism?

Bone cells using protein, calcium, and phosphorus to repair a bone fracture

A primary function of the digestive system is the

Breakdown of food into nutrients

Which of the following nutrients is a micronutrient?

Calcium

Which of the following menu items has ingredients that represent four different MyPlate food groups?

Casserole made with canned tuna, green onions, green peas, noodles, and cheddar cheese

After being absorbed, most lipids become incorporated into

Chylomicrons

Which of the following standards can help you compare nutrient contents of packaged foods to make more healthful choices?

DV's

Devon has a rare condition characterized by the lack of saliva-producing cells. Based on this information, Devon probably has

Difficulty swallowing

A serving of food supplies 25 g carbohydrate, 15 g fat, 18 g protein, and 100 g water. Which of the following statements is true about a serving of the food?

Fat provides the most food energy.

In the United States, which agency investigates complaints about false or misleading health-related claims that appear in food advertisements?

Federal Trade Commission

Which of the following recommendations is an overarching guideline of the 2015-2020 Dietary Guidelines for Americans?

Follow a healthy eating pattern across the life span.

In the United States, which agency is responsible for regulating the kinds of information that can be displayed on food product labels?

Food and Drug Administration

Which of the following substances is a major dietary monosaccharide for humans?

Fructose

The ________ is an accessory organ of the digestive system that stores bile.

Gallbladder

Last night, Sara ate French fries, fried fish, and creamy cole slaw. For dessert, she had a chocolate milk shake. About an hour after eating this food, she suddenly complained of severe abdominal pain. Based on this information, Sara probably has

Gallstones

Glycogen is composed of hundreds of ________ molecules.

Glucose

Which of the following foods is naturally a rich source of phytochemicals?

Grapes

Which of the following substances is secreted by the human stomach?

Hydrochloric acid

Which of the following substances is a disaccharide comprised of one glucose and one galactose molecule?

Lactose

Treatment of irritable bowel syndrome usually includes making dietary changes and

Learning ways to manage stress effectively

The basic chemical unit of carbohydrates is a(an)

Monosaccharide

Which of the following cellular activities is an example of catabolism?

Muscle cells breaking down glucose to release heat

Insulin is made by the

Pancreas

Which of the following statements is untrustworthy or misleading because it contains a "red flag" of unreliable nutrition-related information?

People who have cancer should take vitamin C pills because the pills have been clinically proven to cure cancer.

Researchers are conducting a study to determine the effects of vitamin D on the human body. The study involves providing pills that contain vitamin D to one group of human subjects and pills that do not contain the vitamin or other active ingredients to another group of people. The pills that do not contain vitamin D are

Placebos

According to numerous scientific studies, low levels of physical activity are associated with increased chances of developing excess body fat and type 2 diabetes. Based on this information, lack of physical activity is a ...

Risk factor

Which of the following statements is true?

Scientists typically use different methods to conduct research, which explains why studies involving humans often have conflicting results.

Which of the following behaviors or characteristics is a risk factor for heart disease?

Smoking cigarettes

Robin reads Nutrition Facts panels on packaged foods to choose nutrient-dense products. By reading the panels, she is able to determine the amount of ________ in a serving of a food.

Sodium

One day, Donnie ate snacks that included peanut butter on crackers, a bowl of chocolate pudding made with low-fat milk, a sugar-sweetened soft drink, and a hard-cooked egg. According to MyPlate, which of these foods is a major source of empty calories in Americans' diets?

Soft drink

A food scientist has chemically analyzed a food item to determine its ingredients. One of the ingredients was a complex chemical that consisted of hundreds of glucose molecules bonded together. When the scientist tested the complex chemical, she discovered it could be digested by humans. Based on this information, the complex chemical was a form of ________.

Starch

Alicia has PKU. She would like to sweeten her iced tea with a substance that provides 0 kcal/g. Based on this information, which of the following sweeteners supplies 0 kcal/g and is safe for her to use?

Sucralose

A food scientist has chemically analyzed a food item to determine its ingredients. One of the ingredients was a simple chemical that consisted of a molecule of glucose bonded to a molecule of fructose. This ingredient was ________.

Sucrose

Actress Lotta Talent appears in commercials endorsing an herbal product for weight loss. Her endorsement is an example of a(an)

Testimonial

Phil is a participant in a study designed to examine the effects of taking a new protein-containing product on muscle tissue development. Phil suspects he's in the experimental group, because he's certain his muscles are bigger and stronger as a result of taking the product supplied by the researchers. When the study is completed, Phil learns that he didn't receive the new source of protein. Phil thinks the researchers made a mistake—he's certain his muscle mass increased while he consumed the product. According to this information, Phil's belief that his physical condition improved while he participated in the study is an example of

The placebo effect

A nutrient requirement is

The smallest amount of a nutrient that maintains a defined level of nutritional health

Which of the following substances is a nutrient that doesn't provide any energy for the human body?

Water

Today, Sean only ate three sandwiches made with whole-grain buns, 3 slices of cheese, and 10 ounces of roast beef. He also drank 3 cups of orange juice. According to MyPlate, he ate nothing from the food group that includes

broccoli

Mitchell has an infection that caused his epiglottis to function improperly. Based on this information, you would expect Mitchell to ________ while he has this illness.

choke often

Which of the following statements is true?

d. Daily Values are dietary standards developed for food labeling purposes.

Which of the following websites is most likely a source of biased and unreliable nutrition information?

losefastandforever.com

Chyme is the

semisolid liquid formed by the partial digestion of food in the stomach.

Metabolism is...

the total of all chemical changes that occur in cells.

In general, food guides do not group ________ with dairy foods.

unsalted butter