Nutrition Exam 1

Which of the following menu items has ingredients that represent all MyPlate food groups?

Salad made with hard-cooked eggs, grapes, leaf lettuce, cooked pasta, and cheddar cheese

Dietary Reference Intakes (DRI) values are for people who are

Of all ages

The professional football player star Andro "The Man" McGraw claims the dietary supplement AminoProFix helped him build muscle mass quickly and safely. His endorsement of the product is and example of?

a testimonial

Reading food labels helps consumers

all of the above

Dylan takes garlic pills to lower his blood cholesterol level, and he recommends the pills to his friends, because he thinks the supplement is helpful. Dylan's nutrition-related advice to his friends is an example of a(an)

anecdote

According to the 2015-2020 version of the Dietary Guidelines, which of the following substances is a nutrient of public health concern?

dietary fiber

Scientists who investigate lifestyle factors influence the prevalence of obesity among different populations groups are conduction a _____ study

epidemiological

Segmentation

helps mix chyme in the small intestine.

Phytochemicals are?

plant substances that provide health benefits

Which of the following sweeteners provides 4 kcal/g?

sucrose

A serving of food contains 15 g carbohydrate, 3 g protein, 5 g fat, 5 mg vitamin C, and 100 ml water. Based on this information, a serving of this food supplies _____ kcal.

117

Derek wants to eat enough salad greens in one meal to equal 1 cup of vegetables. How much of the greens should he eat?

2 cups

How many ounce(s) from the grains group is required each day.

3-8

Yolanda is eating a peanut butter and jelly sandwich for lunch. She has taken a bite of the sandwich and begun chewing the sticky sandwich. Once the bite of sandwich has been chewed. moistened, and mixed with saliva, it is called

A bolus

Which of the following statements is true? A scientists professional affiliations and sources of financial support may influence his or her findings Since 1995, nutrition information has undergone few updates because scientists have discovered all of the nutrients and determined their functions The results of one study are usually enough to convince the majority of nutrition scientists to adopt new ideas about nutrition related topics Dietary recommendations are generally based on the findings of one well respected team of nutrition researchers

A scientists professional affiliations and sources of financial support may influence his or her findings

The host of a radio program makes a "red flag" claim about a nutrition-related product, because the claim is generally an indication that the information about the product is unreliable. The radio program host said,

All ingredients in this product have been scientifically tested and clinically proven to cure cancer

Under the current law on nutrition labeling, the Nutrition Facts panel must include which of the following?

All of the above

Avi's salivary glands do not secrete amylase. As a result of his condition, his body

Cannot begin starch digestion

Dorothy is an 85-year-old woman who is having difficulty swallowing. Food seems to enter her stomach too slowly. Based on this information, Dorothy probably has a(n)

Condition characterized by loss of peristaltic functioning.

Which of the following is not a function of cholecystokinin?

Control the secretion of mucus by the mucus cells

The______ is a flap-like piece of tissue responsible for keeping a swallowed piece of food from entering the trachea.

Epiglottis

Which of the following does NOT affect nutrient needs?

Ethnicity

Which of the following cells of the large intestine secrete mucus?

Goblet cells

Which of the following microbes is associated with the development of most stomach ulcers?

H. pylori

Amanda is a three-year old who has a condition that is characterized by the inability of her pancreas to produce cholecystokinin. Based on this information, she

Has difficulty digesting food

Libby was born without salivary glands. As a result of this condition, she

Has trouble tasting food

Monique is a 19-year-old college student who would like to follow a Mediterranean diet pattern instead of her typical "western" diet. Based on this information, Monique should

Increase her intake of fruit

Which nutrient is contributed by the protein foods group of MyPlate?

Iron

The ______ is an accessory organ of the digestive system.

Liver

The innermost layer of the wall of the Gl tract is the

Mucosa

Researchers are conducting a study to determine the effects of Vitamin C on the human immune system. The study involves providing pills that contain Vitamin C and pills that don't. The pills that don't contain Vitamin C are called?

Placebo

A group of scientists conducts a scientific study to investigate dietary factors that influence the development of breast cancer. Which of the following activities is NOT likely to be a component of their research efforts?

Posting findings at the main researchers personal website

Which of the following statements is true? The traditional Asian diet contains high amounts of milk and milk products. According to, Mormon dietary laws, pork and pork by-products äre forbidden as food The traditional Mediterranean diet supplies more olive oil and fish than the traditional American diet. Jewish dietary laws forbid the use of alcohol.

The traditional Mediterranean diet supplies more olive oil and fish than the traditional American diet.

Which of the following vitamins is not produced by the microflora in the large intestine?

Vitamin C

Which of the following substances is a nutrient that does not supply any energy for the human body?

Vitamin D

Labeling laws require that ingredients in food products be listed on the container in descending order of their

Weight

Choosing foods based on religious teachings is an example of ____ factors influencing eating habits?

cognitive

Having a control group enables researchers to

compare findings of the control group with those of the experimental group

Lactose is formed from glucose and galactose through a ________ reaction.

condensation

If your diet supplies more sugar and starch than you need, the excess can be

converted into fat and stored.

Which of the following is the most nutrient dense per serving?

fat-free milk

Most Americans purchase less than recommended amounts of?

fruits

The three most important dietary monosaccharides for humans are

galactose, glucose, and fructose.

A group of RDN's are planning to conduct a scientific study to investigate the effects of eating honey on behavior in school aged children. To start, the researchers will?

make observations

The enzyme ________ is necessary for digesting the disaccharide that contains two molecules of glucose

maltase

goblet cells produce

mucus

Which of the following substances is a complex carbohydrate?

soluble fiber

An Adequate Intake (Al) is set for a nutrient when

too little research is available to establish an RDA

Which of the following sources of oils would be recommended as part of a healthy diet?

Avocado

A researcher wants to identify lifestyle factors that increase the risk of stomach cancer in men. His study design involves enrolling 250 men with cancer and 250 men that don't but have similar characteristics as the men with cancer. The researcher collects and analyzes the information about each participants lifestyle. Based on this information what kind of study is the researcher conducting?

Case- control study

Which of the following statements is false? A megadose is an amount of a vitamin or mineral that greatly exceeds the recommended amount of the nutrient Dietary supplements include fish oil, glucosamine, echinacea, and flaxseed oil In order for a dietary supplement to be on the market all research studies on the supplement must show a beneficial effect on health The dietary supplement health and education act of 1994 allows manufactures to classify dietary supplements as foods

Dietary supplements include fish oil, glucosamine, echinacea, and flaxseed oil

Which of the following physical characteristics or health conditions is a sign of metabolic syndrome?

Fasting blood triglyceride levels that are consistently more than 150 mg/dl

Which of the following statements is true? In the US poor eating habits contribute to some of the ten leading causes of death Most people are born with the ability to choose a nutritious diet A person's diet is influenced by his or her blood type and birth order Nutrients are life sustaining phytochemicals in food

In the US poor eating habits contribute to some of the ten leading causes of death

Which of the following statements is true?

In the US, poor eating habits contribute to some of the ten leading causes of death

The______helps form feces by absorbing excess water and some minerals from chyme.

Large intestine

Justin's blood cholesterol levels are too high. He'd like to add foods to his diet that can help reduce his blood cholesterol level. Based on this information, which of the following foods should he add?

Legumes (e.g. black beans)

According to research if people want to reduce their risk of cardiovascular disease, they would want to subscribe to which dietary food pyramid?

Mediterranean diet

Which of the following statements is true? Scientists classify forms of fiber according to their solubility in oil. Most Americans do not consume enough dietary fiber. Dietary fiber includes the stringy material found in tough, overcooked meat. Most forms of fiber are comprised of fructose molecules bonded together.

Most Americans do not consume enough dietary fiber.

Which of the following statements is true? Most foods are mixtures of nutrients A megadose of Vitamin C is within the range of safe intake for the nutrient Peanut butter is an empty calorie food A healthy diet supplies 90% of its calories from protein rich foods

Most foods are mixtures of nutrients

Which of the following is NOT a common marketing tactic to encourage consumers to purchase manufactured foods?

Nutrition information posted next to fresh fruits and veggies

A diet that supplies adequate amounts of nutrients prevents

Nutrition-deficiency disorders

According to MyPlate, two to six ounces of is the serving size for this food group

Protein

Salivary glands secrete amylase, an enzyme that enables a minor amount of to be digested in the mouth.

Starch

What type of claim is "calcium builds strong bones and teeth"?

Structure/function claim

Which of the following statements about sphincters is false?

When a sphincter relaxes, the passageway closes to prevent movement of Gl contents.

Which of the following observations is an example of a negative or inverse correlation?

When members of a population increase their consumption of milk and milk products, their risk for bone fractures decreases

Which of the following foods is naturally a rich source of phytochemicals?

blueberries

the energy yielding nutrients include

carbohydrates, proteins, and fats

Pancreatic amylase

digests starch in the small intestine.

An online ad for a weight loss product includes before and after pictures of a women who supposedly lost 50lbs in 3wks while taking the product. The bottom of the ad includes the statement, "results are not typical." this statement is an example of a ____?

disclaimer

Jillian drinks a couple of beers and smokes over a pack of cigarettes daily. Even though she's about 40 pounds overweight, she likes to wear tight-fitting clothes. Based on this information, Jillian has a high risk of developing

gastroesophageal reflux disease.

Katie is pregnant. She has type 1 diabetes and often has difficulty controlling her blood glucose level. Based on this information, Katie is more likely to

give birth to a baby that has birth defects.

The main function of vitamins is to?

involved in regulation of body processes

"The amount of heat required to raise the temp of 1000 grams of water one degree Celsius" is the definition of ___?

kilocalorie

Which of the following foods is the most nutrient dense per serving?

leafy greens

The science of food: the nutrients and substances therein; and their action, interaction, and balance in relation to health and disease is a definition of?

nutrition

An online article about weight loss diets include false information about the process of digestion that uses scientific sounding terms to make it seem factual. The faulty information is an example of?

pseudoscience

A group of nutrition researchers interview 100 adults who have chronic high blood pressure to determine whether there is an association between consuming diets low in calcium during adolescence and developing high blood pressure in adulthood. This study is an example of a _____ study

retrospective

A group of scientists suspects that certain dietary practices are partially responsible for different rates of hypertension among adults of different ethnic/racial group. To test their hypothesis, the researchers examine data concerning the different population groups hypertension rates and their past dietary practices. This research is a ______ study.

retrospective

Which of the following substances is a complex carbohydrate?

starch

Alicia has PKU. She would like to sweeten her coffee with a substance that provides 0 kcal/g. Based on this information, which of the following sweeteners supplies 0 kcal/g and is safe for her to use?

sucralose

Tolerable Upper Intake Levels (ULs) are

the maximum daily intake level not likely to cause harmful effects

Which type of diabetes is most common in the United States?

type 2

Antonio has severe chronic gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD). To reduce his likelihood of developing heartburn, his physician recommended that he

Avoid overeating during meals

Which of the following is not a biological or physiological factor that influences a person's food choices?

Emotional stress level

______cells of the gastric glands are important to protect the lining of the stomach from damage.

Mucous

Which of the following kinds of studies would be the best to use when designing a scientific investigation to determine whether there is an association between consuming diets low in calcium during adolescence and developing osteoporosis in older adulthood?

Observational study

Food guides usually classify sunflower and other seeds in the group.

Protein