Nutrition Exam #2
Most of the body's fat is visceral fat, which lies under the skin.
False
Oils are solid at room temperature.
False
The sugar that occurs naturally in fruits is galactose.
False
Infants with fetal alcohol syndrome exhibit the following characteristics except:
Normal birth weight
Fiber improves glucose tolerance by delaying the movement of carbohydrate into the small intestine.
True
In general, as the percentage of triglyceride drops, the density of lipoprotein increases.
True
Large quantities of pure galactose do not naturally exist.
True
A triglyceride consists of ____ fatty acids attached to a molecule of glycerol.
3
No more than ______ mg of cholesterol should be consumed daily by health individuals.
300
Ch. 7.1 Worldwide, approximately ______ percent of protein in the diet comes from animals.
35
The Food and Nutrition Board recommends an upper range for protein intake at _____ percent of calories
35
The alcoholic beverage with the highest calories per serving size is:
Distilled spirits
Symptoms of a hangover include all of the following except:
Drop in heart rate
The body can make essential fatty acids when they are needed.
False
Vegetarians must consume complementary proteins at the same meal to obtain all of the essential amino acids.
False
Examples of protein hormones include all of the following except:
Pepsin
One amino acid is joined to the next by a ________ bond.
Peptide
Plants create the carbohydrates in foods through a process called ____________
Photosynthesis
A well-planned plant-based diet will generally provide high-quality protein.
True
Alcohol intake can drop blood glucose to dangerous levels among diabetics
True
Animal proteins contain all of the essential amino acids.
True
Ch. 6.2 Diets high in fish have been linked to reduced risk of heart disease.
True
Ch. 8.1 Alcohol is an addictive substance.
True
Deficiency of essential fatty acids is extremely rare.
True
Eliminating tobacco use can reduce the risk of heart disease.
True
Endurance and body-building athletes require more protein than the average healthy individual does.
True
Fat absorption decreases if the meal contains fiber.
True
Fats are the body's main form of energy storage.
True
Phospholipids are synthesized by the body and not the diet.
True
Resistance exercise (or weight training) enhances positive protein balance.
True
The product that is most likely to contain maltose is _______
Beer
Years of chronic alcohol abuse may lead to all of the following except:
Blindness
The best source of EPA and DHA for infants is:
Breast milk
The length of a fatty acid chain is determined by the number of _______ molecules in the chain
Carbon
All of the following are functions of triglycerides except:
Carriers for water-soluble vitamins
Food sources of phospholipids include all of the following except:
Chicken skin
Most of the triglycerides, cholesterol, and phospholipids join protein carriers to form a lipoprotein called:
Chylomicron
The largest and least dense of the lipoproteins is ____.
Chylomicron
High intake of red meat is linked to this type of cancer
Colon
Proteins that are altered on exposure to acid or alkaline substances, heat, or agitation are said to be _______
Denatured
Another name for glucose is ________
Dextrose
When the body is growing or recovering from an illness or injury, it needs a _____ protein balance to supply the raw materials required to build new tissues.
Positive
Major roles of fats in the body include all of the following except:
Precursor for insulin
Health benefits associated with soluble fiber include all of the following except:
Prevents diverticular disease
Regular physical activity may prevent heart disease by all of the following except:
Raising triglycerides
The oldest artificial sweetener on the market is ____________
Saccharin
Alcoholics often have deficiencies of all of the following minerals except:
Selenium
George is a diabetic who is struggling to reduce his sugar intake. All of the following strategies may help him curb his sugar intake except:
Switching to a natural candy that uses honeyed natural raw sugar
Ch. 5.1 The classification of carbohydrates depends on all of the following except:
The color of the food
Lipids are transported in the bloodstream packaged as lipoproteins.
True
Men and Women store fat differently in the body.
True
Oligosaccharides are considered dietary fiber.
True
Small amounts of alcohol can be produced from sugar by the microorganisms in our intestines.
True
The FDA permits non-nutritive (artificial) sweeteners or any food product that has 5 or fewer calories per serving to be labeled as containing "0" calories.
True
The Food and Drug Administration (FDA) has taken steps to outlaw the use of trans fats in processed foods.
True
The RDA for carbohydrate for individuals 1 year and older is 130 g/day, which is enough to prevent ketosis.
True
The amount of glycogen stored depends on activity level.
True
The main fuel source for cells is glucose.
True
The mere thought of food or chewing food can stimulate gastrin release in the stomach.
True
The shorter the fatty acid chain, the more liquid the fatty acid.
True
Underage drinking by those under 21 years of age is more likely to kill young people than an illegal drugs combined.
True
Unsaturated fatty acids have adjoining carbons that are connected by a double bond.
True
Vegetarians are categorized by which animal foods are restricted in the diet.
True
Which of the following list of foods contain the best sources of omega-3 fatty acids?
Tuna, salmon, krill, olive oil
According to the Dietary Guidelines for Americans, moderate alcohol intake for men is defined as up to _____ drinks per day.
Two
This type of diabetes is due to an autoimmune disease.
Type 1 diabetes
This type of diabetes is due mainly to hereditary and lifestyle factors.
Type 2 diabetes
Cholesterol is stored in the blood.
false
Food sources of cholesterol include all of the following except:
walnuts
Dietary fat appears in the bloodstream _____ hours after a meal.
1-2
The RDA for protein is about _____ percent of total calories.
10
There are _____ nonessential amino acids.
11
In Africa and East Asia, about ________ percent of the protein eaten comes from animal sources.
20
The Food and Nutrition Board recommends that _____ percentage of the calories adults consumed daily come from fat.
20-35
No more than ____ mg of cholesterol should be consumed daily by individuals with diabetes or heart disease.
200
Ch. 5.2 The Daily Value for fiber used on food labels is _____ grams.
25
Carbohydrates provide on average __________ calories per gram.
4
The Food and Nutrition Board recommends that _______ of daily calories come from carbohydrate.
45% to 65%
The Food and Nutrition Board recommends that ____ to ____ of daily calories come from carbohydrates.
45%-65%
Ch. 7.2 Which of the following pH would classify a substance as acidic?
5
There are _____ conditionally essential amino acids.
6
The brain is approximately ______ percent fat.
60%
Alcohol provides ____ calories per gram.
7
No more than _____ percent of total calories come from saturated fat.
7
Approximately ______ percent of protein in the American diet comes from animals.
70
A healthy individual maintains a blood glucose level between:
70 and 100 mg/dl
There are _____ essential amino acids.
9
All of the following is true about alcohol except:
Alcohol poses no health risk
Consuming soy proteins may help protect against heart disease because they are:
All of the above
Cardiovascular disease includes all of the following conditions except:
All of the above are included
Foods that contain oligosaccharides include all of the following except:
All of the above are included
The building blocks for protein are called:
Amino acids
Approximately 80% of the digestible starches in the diet are:
Amylopectin
The two digestible starches are:
Amylose, amylopectin
Excessive fluid buildup and swelling in the surrounding tissues is called:
Edema
The hormones needed to stimulate positive protein balance include all of the following except:
Estrogen
The technical name for alcohol is:
Ethanol
Carbohydrates are inorganic compounds.
False
Ch. 6.1 Most of the naturally occurring unsaturated fatty acids are trans fatty acids.
False
Enzymes are proteins that prevent chemical reactions from occurring.
False
Fiber has 4 calories per gram.
False
Fiber is digestible.
False
Foods rich in saturated fatty acids tend to be liquid at room temperature and have lower melting points.
False
Lacto-ovo vegetarians do not eat eggs.
False
Which of the carbohydrates is transported through facilitated diffusion?
Fructose
The two hormones that regulate blood sugar levels are:
Glucagon, insulin
The most common monosaccharides are:
Glucose, fructose, galactose
This lipoprotein is often called the "good" cholesterol.
High-density lipoprotein
The chemical messengers that are made in one part of the body but act on cells in other parts of the body are called _______.
Hormones
The process by which trans fats are created is called.
Hydrogenation
Potential health benefits of EPA include all of the following except:
Increase blood clotting
All of the following are true of kwashiorkor except:
It occurs primarily in children 8-10
All of the following are true of marasmus except:
It results from too much infant formula
All of the following are symptoms of diabetes except:
Lack of appetite
Compared to men, women are _______ to binge drink.
Less likely
Another name for fructose is __________
Levulose
The ____ is the most active site of lipid synthesis.
Liver
All of the following are complications of diabetes except:
Liver failure
All of the following are functions of cholesterol except:
Long-term storage form of energy
The characteristics of phospholipids include all of the following except:
They are found only in plants
All of the following are true about lipids except:
They dissolve easily in water
The nutrients that may be lacking in the diet of a poorly planned vegetarian include all of the following except:
Thiamin
The soy product that is made from soy milk and pressed into curds is called:
Tofu
All disaccharides contain glucose.
True
Jacky made a new year's resolution to increase her fiber intake. She is pleasantly surprised to find a number of recipes she can use for preparing broccoli, cabbage, Brussels sprouts, and beans. After four days on a high fiber diet, she is embarrassed to notice that she is passing a lot of gas. The best advice to give Jacky is to:
Use an enzyme-based supplement like Beano before she eats these foods
Which of the following lists of amino acids contain all essential amino acids?
Valine, threonine, lysine, methionine
Total vegetarians are called:
Vegans
Alcoholics often have deficiencies of all of the following vitamins except:
Vitamin C
Excellent sources of plant proteins include all of the following except:
corn
Cholesterol is made in the _____
liver
Functional fiber includes all of the following except:
Cellulose
Signs of an essential fatty acid deficiency includes all of the following except:
Loss of hair
This lipoprotein is often called the "bad" cholesterol.
Low-density lipoprotein
Glycogen is stored in:
Muscles, liver
Protein-energy malnutrition is most likely to occur in this list of countries.
Nigeria, India, Iraq
Unlike carbohydrates and fat, protein contains this element.
Nitrogen
The process of fats in food going rancid is called.
Oxidation
The plant source of protein that is considered a complete protein is:
Soybeans
The soy product that is made from fermented soy beans is:
Tempeh
All of the following are functions of phospholipids except:
Temperature regulation
Motor proteins are involved in all of the following roles except:
Temperature regulation
Ninety-five percent of the lipids in the body are _______.
Triglycerides
A cis formation occurs when the hydrogen atoms next to the doublers bonds are on the same side of the carbon chain.
True