nutrition final

51. The easiest and most effective way to prevent food-borne illnesses is to:

A) wash hands before handling food.

17. Approximately how many calories are contained in a pound of body fat?

d. 3500

29. What is the term given to mounds of liquid material mixed with smooth muscle cells and calcium that develops in heart artery walls?

d. plaques

25. What type of exercise is considered best to strengthen the heart and blood vessels?

a. aerobic exercise

44. A majority of food infections are caused by:

a. bateria

6. An index of a person's weight in relation to height is called:

a. body mass index

34. What is the most effective strategy for most people to lower their blood pressure?

a. lose weight

27. The frequent urination experienced by a diabetic is known as:

a. polyuria

24. How are phytosterols thought to lower blood cholesterol?

a. they reduce cholesterol absorption

22. A significant reduction in blood flow to the brain is termed:

b. a stroke

55) Foods most commonly associated with Salmonella intoxication are:

b. eggs and chicken

10. What weight classification would be assigned (generally) for an individual

b. overweight

32. Frequent hunger experienced by a diabetic is known as:

b. polyphagia

2. What is the most satiating macronutrient?

b. protein

56) Which government agency regulates organic farming standards in the United States?

b. united states department of agriculture

36. Which of the following describes actions of a carcinogen?

b.cancer-initiating substance

15. In a weight reduction program, the most realistic time frame for losing 10% of initial body weight is:

c. 6 months

1. Which of the following describes the process of thermogenesis?

c. generation of heat

5. The weight of body minus the fat content is known as:

c. lean body mass

49. The temperature danger zone is:

B) 40-140°F.

48, The main symptom associated with Clostridium botulinum intoxication is:

B) paralysis.

54 Damage to which organ may contribute to the accumulation of pesticides in the body?

C)liver

31. Which of the following increases risk for diabetes (type 2) and heart disease?

d. central obesity

47. Which of the following is an example a microorganism that causes food intoxication?

d. clostridium botulinum

23. To lower blood cholesterol level, all of the following are recommended except:

d. decrease the carbohydrate intake to 50% of total energy

42. Physical activity does not help an overweight person to:

d. lose fat in trouble spot

40. What is the best approach to weight loss?

d. reduce daily energy intake and increase physical exercise

21. The obstruction of a blood vessel by a clot that broke away from arterial plaque is termed:

b. an embolism

20. Which of the following is characteristic of the eating pattern of people with bulimia nervosa?

b. binge eating typically occurs after a period of strict dieting

28. What is the primary reason for increased urine output in uncontrolled diabetes?

b. high levels of glucose spill into the urine drawing water with it by osmosis

13. Obesity resulting from an increase in the size of fat cells is called?

b. hypertrophic obesity

11. What term describes a failure of the body's cells to respond to secretion of

b. insulin resistance

52 Which of the following is T concerning the safe storage of leftovers?

b. left overs should be stored at a depth of no greater than two inches

37. What are factors that favor the development of cancer once initiated?

b.promosters

38 Phytochemicals protect against cancer by containing:

c. anti-promoters

26. Which of the following is not a common, long-term consequence of diabetes?

c. decrease in infections

57 Which government agency regulates the labeling, sale, distribution, use, and disposal of all pesticides in the United States?

c. environmental protection aggency

12. What is the rationale for the fat cell theory of obesity?

c. fat cell number increases most readily in late childhood and early adolescence

7. In what region of the body is the storage of excess body fat associated with the lowest risk for cardiovascular disease and diabetes (type 2)?

c. hips and thigh

19. Which of the following is characteristic of people with anorexia nervosa?

c. in those who are treated, many relapse into abnormal eating patterms

33. In diabetes, when glucose fails to enter the cells and metabolism shifts to break down protein and fat for energy:

c. ketone prodution increases

4. What is the main explanation for the difference in basal metabolic rates between

c. males have a higher percentage of lean body mass

30. Tiny, disc-shaped bodies in the blood that are important to clot formation is:

c. platelets

3. Which of the following is a feature of the basal metabolic rate (BMR)?

c. pregnancy increases the BMR

41. Since obesity has many causes, even in a single individual, the best approach to the condition seems to be:

c. prevention

18. Which of the following would not be part of a successful program of weight gain in an underweight person?

c. small meals

14. What is the safe rate of weight loss on long-term basis for most overweight

a. 0.5 to 2 pounds/week

39. Which of the following dietary conponents is thought to have an inverse correlation to colon cancer?

a. fiber

43. The obesity-theory stating that the body chooses to be at a specific desired weight is the:

a. set-point theory

9. Classification of obese is defined when BMI increases above:

c.30

45. Pesticides are:

c.chemical used in the field and in storage areas to decrease destruction caused by insects and fungus.

35. A person who consistently consumes 1800 calories a day and spends (burns) 2300 calories a day for a month would be expected to:

c.lose 4 to 5 pounds

8. The risks for dying prematurely are doubled when the body mass index first rises above:

d. 35

16. What would be the approximate weight gain of a person who consumes an excess of 500 calories daily for one month?

d. 4 pounds

53 Which of the following government agencies monitors and regulates food production and preservation?

A) USDA

50. Which agency monitors all confirmed cases of food-borne illness?

B) CDC

46. Which of the following statements best describes food intoxication?

D) chemicals produced by microorganisms that harm tissue and elicit an immune response.