Nutrition For Heath
A serving of food contains 15 g carbohydrate, 3 g protein, 5 g fat, 5 mg vitamin C, and 100 ml water. Based on this information, a serving of this food supplies _____ kcal.
117
This morning, Margie's fasting blood glucose level indicated that she has hyperglycemia and pre-diabetes. Based on this information, her fasting blood glucose level was _____ mg/dl.
120
A healthy body fat percentage for men is
13-21%
Archie weighs 72 kg, which is approximately ___ pounds.
158
Jerry's height is 70 inches. What is his approximate height in centimeters?
178cm
Derek wants to eat enough salad greens in one meal to equal 1 cup of vegetables. How much of the greens should he eat?
2 cups
According to MyPlate, Donovan should consume 3 cups of dairy products daily. Which of the following foods should he eat to replace 1 cup of milk?
2 oz American Cheese
A healthy body fat percentage for women is
23-31%
According to Dietary Guidelines for Americans 2010, most healthy people who are less than 51 years of age should limit their sodium intake to _____ mg/day.
2300
A serving of food supplies 100 kcal from protein. Based on this information, how many grams of protein are in the serving?
25
Amanda consumes approximately 2500 kcal/day. According to recommendations of the Dietary Guidelines (2010), she should limit her saturated fat intake to fewer than ____ kcal/day
250
The label on a bag of salt-free pretzels indicates that they chips are "low-fat." This means the pretzels provide _____ gram(s) of fat or less per serving.
3
According to Dietary Guidelines for Americans, 2010, Americans should limit their cholesterol intake to __ daily
300
Emma's usual diet provides 2000 kcal daily. To obtain 60% of her total energy intake from carbohydrates, she should consume ___ grams of carbohydrates daily.
300
What is the RDA for protein of a healthy women who weighs 62kg?
62 * 0.8= 49.6
According to the Nutrition Facts panel on a package of cream cheese, a 1 oz serving of the cheese supplies 70 kcal; 50 of the kcal are from fat. Based on this information, fat contributes about _____ % of total kcal.
71
A fad diet is
A VERY unreliable weight-loss method.
You are planning a party for a group of college students. Some of the students follow the dietary practices of the Jewish religion. Which of the following foods would be acceptable to everyone at the party?
A cheese ball made with cream cheese, grated cheddar cheese, and walnuts
____ is an immediate and direct source of energy for cells
ATP
Which of the following statements is true?
According to MyPlate, fats and oils are not a food group.
Activities require free oxygen.
Aerobic
Which of the following practices can help reduce the growth of food-borne pathogens?
All of these answer choices are correct.
Which of the following fatty acids is an essential fatty acid?
Alpha-Linolenic Acid
Activities lack free oxygen
Anaerobic
Thiamin Deficiency disease
Beriberi
A person's _____ is not a major influence for his or her food selection practices
Blood type
A primary function of the digestive system is the
Breakdown of food into nutrients
Which of the following foods is a rich source of fiber?
Brown Rice
Abe wants to use canned or frozen peaches to make a dessert. While shopping for the fruit, how can he determine which kind has the least sugar per serving?
By comparing sugar content information that is listed in the Nutrition Facts panels
Dairy products are rich sources of which minerals?
Calcium, phosphorus, magnesium
When he prepares food, Nick wants to use a product that is a rich source of unsaturated fat. Based on this information, which of the following fats should he select?
Canola Oil
A high-____ diet can be very beneficial for athletes
Carbohydrate
Which of the following statements is true?
Certain fish, such as salmon, are rich sources of omega-3 fatty acids.
Which of the following foods naturally contains cholesterol
Chicken
Which of the following groups of Americans is most at risk of under nutrition?
Chronic Alcoholics
Which of the following groups of foods are sources of starch?
Corn, Potatoes, and Rice
Vitamin ___ is also called the "sunshine vitamin."
D
In cells, ___ controls the assembly of amino acids into proteins.
DNA
Which of the following conditions or diseases is a leading diet-related cause of death in the United States?
Diabetes
An ____ is a compound that speeds up (catalyzes) a chemical reaction.
Enzyme
A group of scientists would like to determine lifestyle factors that are associated with the development of asthma among American children. Based on this information, the researches should design a ___ study.
Epidemiological
Which of the following structures normally prevents swallowed food from entering the larynx and trachea?
Epiglottis
What does EER stand for and what does it calculate?
Estimated Energy Requirement: calculates your energy needs for one day
According to scientific evidence, which of the following actions can help reduce a person's risk of type 2 diabetes mellitus?
Exercising Daily
The ____ is responsible for ensuring the safety and effectiveness of medications.
FDA
Cells can metabolize minerals for energy
False
Not all protein must be supplied by the diet.
False
Vitamins are a source of energy (calories)
False
A serving of food supplies 25 g carbohydrate, 15 g fat, 18 g protein, and 100 g water. Which of the following statements is true about a serving of the food?
Fat provides the most food energy
The body is composed of two major compartments
Fat-free mass (lean tissues) and total body fat
The government agency that enforces consumer protection laws by investigating false or misleading health-related claims is the
Federal Trade Commission
The ___ is the primary government agency that oversees the safety of most foods in the United States.
Food and Drug Administration (FDA)
Bryan has type 2 diabetes. Which of the following conditions is a typical sign or symptom of this chronic disease?
Frequent Urination
Jamie wants to eat more foods that are naturally high in phytochemicals and fiber. Based on this information, which of the following foods would you recommend?
Fresh Fruits and Vegetables
Which of the following statements is true?
Fruits and vegetables are sources of fiber.
Which of the following compounds is secreted by the human stomach
Gastric Juice
____is the primary fuel for active muscles.
Glucose
Which of the following substances carries cholesterol away from tissue
HDL
Derek takes protein supplements before and after his workouts. He told his workout partner that he became 200% stronger within a couple of months after he added the supplements to his diet. His report about the effects of the supplements is an example of a(an)
anecdote
Vitamins
are organic molecules
People with celiac disease should
avoid foods that contain gluten
The common name for glucose is ____ sugar.
blood
During glcolysis, the body
breaks down one glucose molecule to form two pyruvate molecules
Carter wants to lower his blood cholesterol level. Based on this information, he should limit his intake of
butter and beef
MyPlate
can be individualized to meet a person's food preferences
Most forms of ___ are a source of energy for cells
carbohydrate
The primary function of the cardiovascular system is
circulation of blood throughout the body
Insulin
Helps glucose enter cells
This substance is produced in the stomach and facilitates intestinal absorption of vitamin B12?
Hemoglobin
Meat, Fish, poultry, eggs, milk, and milk products all contain
High-quality proteins
Which of the following statements about food labels is true?
Information about the grams of sugar in a serving of food is displayed on a food label.
______ is a mineral element
Iron
Jeanne's total blood cholesterol level is 240 mg/dl. According to this information,
Jeanne needs to reduce her total cholesterol level to under 200 mg/dl and increase her HDL level to lower her risk of heart disease.
Which of the following organs helps maintain the body's acid-base balance by removing excess hydrogen ions?
Kidneys
Caden develops intestinal cramps and gas after he drinks more than a half cup of milk. He can get yogurt and cheese without any discomfort. Based on this information, Caden probably has
Lactose intolerance
___ is the hormone that reduces hunger and inhabits fat storage in the body?
Leptin
____ is the disaccharide comprised of two glucose molecules?
Maltose
Maria usually consumes about 2000 kcal/day. On average, her fat intake is approximately 90 g/day. Based on this information, which of the following statements describes Maria's diet?
Maria's fat intake is higher than the AMDR.
____ Is the sum of all chemical reactions that occur in living cells
Metabolism
Stanley would like to compare the cholesterol contents of packaged hotdogs. He should read the ___ on the products' labels.
Nutrition Facts panel
Serena has a BMI of 29.8. How would you classify her BMI?
Overweight
Niacin deficiency diesease
Pallagra
____ is the commercial heating process that destroys harmful bacteria in milk and fruit juices
Pasteurization
____ are disease-causing microbes
Pathogens
Which of the following foods is both energy and nutrient dense?
Peanut Butter
What is the name of the gastric enzyme that breaks proteins into smaller polypeptieds?
Pepsin
Henry is concerned about his risk of osteoporosis. Which of the following characteristics is a modifiable risk factor for this chronic condition?
Physical activity level
Which of the following foods is not nutrient-dense?
Potato Chips
Which of the following is a main goal of Healthy People 2020
Promote quality of life, healthy development, and healthy behaviors for everyone
A popular fitness magazine has an article about the health benefits of high-fiber diets. If the article's author has the credentials _____ after his or her name, the article is likely to be a reliable source of nutrition information.
RD
The amount of Vitamin C that meets about 98% of the population's need for the nutrient is the ___ for the vitamin.
RDA
Glucagon
Raises blood glucose levels
Which of the following foods is most likely to support the growth of pathogens?
Raw ground meat
Dorothy is an 85-year-old woman who is having difficulty swallowing. Food seems to enter her stomach too slowly. Based on this information, Dorothy probably has a (an)
condition characterized by loss of peristaltic functioning.
If your diet supplies more sugar and starch than you need, the excess can be
converted into fat and stored
___ is the process of removing nitrogen from an amino acid
deamination
While in college, Ray gained several pounds of body fat. He wants to use the commendations of Dietary Guidelines for Americans, 2010 to achieve a healthy body weight. According to these guidelines, he should
Reduce the time he spends being physically inactive
Which of the following foods or beverages is a main source of added sugars in American diets?
Regular soft drinks
A group of nutrition researchers interviews 100 adults who have chronic high blood pressure to determine whether there is an association between consuming diets low in calcium during adolescence and developing high blood pressure in adulthood. This study is an example of a ___ study.
Retrospective
Vitamin D disorder in children
Rickets
Vitamin C-deficiency disease
Scurvy
Which of the following substances is a complex carbohydrate?
Starch
Which of the following food preservation processes effectively destroys microbes?
Sterilization
The body uses cholesterol to make
Steroid hormones
Which of the following menu items has ingredients that represent three different MyPlate food groups? (Careful: some answers may contain more than 3 groups or less than 3 groups...choose the one with only 3 different food groups)
Stir-fry made with shrimp, rice, green peas, broccoli, and onions
The primary function of an adipose cell is
Storing fat
A magazine advertisement for a weight loss product includes before and after photos of a woman who supposedly lost 50 pounds in 3 weeks while taking the product. The bottom of the ad includes the statement, "Results are not typical." This statement is an example of a(n)
disclaimer
Phil wants to eat more foods that are sources of healthy fats. Based on this information, which of the following foods would you recommend?
Sunflower Seeds
_____ includes farming techniques that do not deplete natural resources or harm the environment.
Sustainable agriculture
Anna has type 1 diabetes and gives herself insulin injections to help manage her blood glucose level. One afternoon, Anna tested her blood and discovered that her blood glucose level was 88 mg/dl. Based on this information, Anna should
do nothing to intervene, because her blood glucose level is normal.
A food has a pH that is higher than the pH of pure water but lower than the pH of oven cleaner. Based on this information, the food is
egg white
During low intensity exercise, ___ is primarily used as fuel for muscle cells.
fat
Jared often eats a large dinner about an hour before he lies down to sleep. Based on this information, he is likely to develop
gastroesophageal reflux disease
Max wants to restrict the added sugar intake of his 5-year-old son. He should
give the child low fat milk with meals and snacks instead of regular soft drinks.
Which of the following foods is the most rich in protein?
ham
Aflatoxins are
harmful compounds produced by certain molds
Albert is a healthy, 23-year-old college student. He would like to know more about his risk of cardiovascular disease, so he can take preventive measures, if they are necessary. Albert should
have a lipoprotein profile performed on a sample of his blood.
The major function of vitamin K is to
help produce blood clotting factors
The tolerable Upper limit for a nutrient is the
highest average amount that is unlikely to harm most people when consumed daily
Chronic alcohol abuse
increases fat deposits in the abdominal region
This is a condition developed due to low body stores of iron
iron deficiency
Consuming high levels of the mineral sodium can raise our blood pressure. A healthy blood pressure is around
less than than 120/80 mmHg
A chylomicron is a type of
lipoprotein
A group of registered dietitians is planning to conduct a scientific study to investigate the effects of eating honey on school-age children's behavior. At first, the researchers will
make observations
The process of digesting food begins in the
mouth
A sign of marasmus is
muscle wasting
An essential nutrient
must be supplied by the diet
A scientist thinks she has discovered an essential nutrient for humans, because this substance is
needed for the normal development of human cells
the brain and spinal cord are structures of the ___ system
nervous
A person following a vegan diet would eat
nuts
An ____ is a body structure composed of tissues that have related functions
organ
Researchers are conducting a study to determine the effects of vitamin C on the human immune system. The study involves providing pills that contain vitamin C to one group of human subjects and pills that do not contain vitamin C or other active ingredients to another group of people. The pills that do not contain the vitamin are
placebos
After reviewing the results of a patient's medical tests, a physician tells the patient that her mild back pain is not caused by a serious problem, and she can try acupuncture and massage therapy to relieve the discomfort. Based on this information, the physician's advice indicates that he
practices integrative medicine
According to a main goal of Healthy People 2020, Americans should
promote quality of life, healthy development, and healthy behaviors for everyone
What are minerals?
They are a group of elements in Earth's rocks, soils, and natural water sources.
A nutrition researcher would like to determine whether women who take fish oil supplements during pregnancy give birth to babies who score higher on basic intelligence tests when they are 5 years of age than the 5-year old children that were born to women who did not take the fish oil supplements during pregnancy. This kind of research is a _____ study.
prospective
In the body, lipids
provide insulation against cold temperatures
A person claims his newly invented device treats cancer without surgery, medication, or other forms of conventional medical therapy. However, people who have used the device report that it was not helpful, and it may have harmed them. According to this information, the inventor's claims and his device are
quackery
During a television interview, Dr. Ima Quack provides the following statement. "Most Americans suffer from nutritional deficiency diseases and will develop cancer within the next 10 years because they are not taking my megavitamin formula therapy." Dr. Quack's statement is an example of a(n)
scare tactic
Chyme is the
semisolid liquid formed by the partial digestion of food in the stomach
Dietitians often refer to _____ as "empty-calorie" foods.
sugar-sweetened soft drinks
According to the U.S. Food and Drug Administration, which of the following substances can not be classified as a dietary supplement?
tabacco
A famous actress appears in commercials endorsing the herbal supplement hoodia for weight loss. Her endorsement is an example of a(n)
testimonial
What does "negative energy balance" mean?
the body needs more calories than the diet is supplying
Glycogen is
the form of carbohydrate that is stored in liver and muscle tissue
Basal Metabolism
the minimum number of kilo calories our body uses for vital activities over a 12 hour period.
The primary site of vitamin absorption is
the small intestine
Miranda is considered to be physically fit. This means she has
the strength, endurance, and flexibility to meet the demands of daily living
The amount of water ingested by consuming beverages and foods is referred to as
total water intake
the bladder and kidneys are organs of the ___ system
urinary
Some functions of water include
Transporting substances, removing waste products, regulating body temperature
A vigorous physical activity generally requires a high degree of exertion.
True
An endurance athlete requires more protein per day than the average non-athlete adult
True
Certain fungi, such as button mushrooms, are safe to eat.
True
Irradiation of food is considered to be a safe process by the FDA
True
Thirst is the primary regulator of fluid intake.
True
The three components of an aerobic workout include
warming up, preforming the activity, and cooling down.
Manny's blood alcohol concentration is 0.36. Based on this information, Manny is
Unconscious
The lining of the small intestine is covered with ___, tiny finger-like structures that absorb nutrients from food.
Villi
Kristan uses % DVs to help plan nutritious menus with various packaged foods. She should try to obtain at least 100% of the Daily Value for which of the following nutrients?
Vitamin C
The body uses cholesterol to make
Vitamin D
Anna is 17 years of age and pregnant with her first child. She has difficulty earning enough money to support herself, and recently, she was diagnosed with iron deficiency. Based on this information, Anna should enroll in the ___ program.
WIC
April wants to add ___ to her salad, because the food is a naturally rich source of omega-3 fats.
Walnuts
The RDA for iron is
women: 18mg, men: 8mg
Which of the following observations is an example of a positive correlation?
When a population's vitamin D intake decreases, the percentage of people in the population that have healthy immune systems decreases.
Food-borne illnesses are usually characterized by
abdominal cramps, diarrhea, and vomiting
___ cells are responsible for storing fat
adipose
An estimated Average Requirement is the
amount of a nutrient that meets the needs of 50% of healthy people in a particular population