Nutrition For Heath

A serving of food contains 15 g carbohydrate, 3 g protein, 5 g fat, 5 mg vitamin C, and 100 ml water. Based on this information, a serving of this food supplies _____ kcal.

117

This morning, Margie's fasting blood glucose level indicated that she has hyperglycemia and pre-diabetes. Based on this information, her fasting blood glucose level was _____ mg/dl.

120

A healthy body fat percentage for men is

13-21%

Archie weighs 72 kg, which is approximately ___ pounds.

158

Jerry's height is 70 inches. What is his approximate height in centimeters?

178cm

Derek wants to eat enough salad greens in one meal to equal 1 cup of vegetables. How much of the greens should he eat?

2 cups

According to MyPlate, Donovan should consume 3 cups of dairy products daily. Which of the following foods should he eat to replace 1 cup of milk?

2 oz American Cheese

A healthy body fat percentage for women is

23-31%

According to Dietary Guidelines for Americans 2010, most healthy people who are less than 51 years of age should limit their sodium intake to _____ mg/day.

2300

A serving of food supplies 100 kcal from protein. Based on this information, how many grams of protein are in the serving?

25

Amanda consumes approximately 2500 kcal/day. According to recommendations of the Dietary Guidelines (2010), she should limit her saturated fat intake to fewer than ____ kcal/day

250

The label on a bag of salt-free pretzels indicates that they chips are "low-fat." This means the pretzels provide _____ gram(s) of fat or less per serving.

3

According to Dietary Guidelines for Americans, 2010, Americans should limit their cholesterol intake to __ daily

300

Emma's usual diet provides 2000 kcal daily. To obtain 60% of her total energy intake from carbohydrates, she should consume ___ grams of carbohydrates daily.

300

What is the RDA for protein of a healthy women who weighs 62kg?

62 * 0.8= 49.6

According to the Nutrition Facts panel on a package of cream cheese, a 1 oz serving of the cheese supplies 70 kcal; 50 of the kcal are from fat. Based on this information, fat contributes about _____ % of total kcal.

71

A fad diet is

A VERY unreliable weight-loss method.

You are planning a party for a group of college students. Some of the students follow the dietary practices of the Jewish religion. Which of the following foods would be acceptable to everyone at the party?

A cheese ball made with cream cheese, grated cheddar cheese, and walnuts

____ is an immediate and direct source of energy for cells

ATP

Which of the following statements is true?

According to MyPlate, fats and oils are not a food group.

Activities require free oxygen.

Aerobic

Which of the following practices can help reduce the growth of food-borne pathogens?

All of these answer choices are correct.

Which of the following fatty acids is an essential fatty acid?

Alpha-Linolenic Acid

Activities lack free oxygen

Anaerobic

Thiamin Deficiency disease

Beriberi

A person's _____ is not a major influence for his or her food selection practices

Blood type

A primary function of the digestive system is the

Breakdown of food into nutrients

Which of the following foods is a rich source of fiber?

Brown Rice

Abe wants to use canned or frozen peaches to make a dessert. While shopping for the fruit, how can he determine which kind has the least sugar per serving?

By comparing sugar content information that is listed in the Nutrition Facts panels

Dairy products are rich sources of which minerals?

Calcium, phosphorus, magnesium

When he prepares food, Nick wants to use a product that is a rich source of unsaturated fat. Based on this information, which of the following fats should he select?

Canola Oil

A high-____ diet can be very beneficial for athletes

Carbohydrate

Which of the following statements is true?

Certain fish, such as salmon, are rich sources of omega-3 fatty acids.

Which of the following foods naturally contains cholesterol

Chicken

Which of the following groups of Americans is most at risk of under nutrition?

Chronic Alcoholics

Which of the following groups of foods are sources of starch?

Corn, Potatoes, and Rice

Vitamin ___ is also called the "sunshine vitamin."

D

In cells, ___ controls the assembly of amino acids into proteins.

DNA

Which of the following conditions or diseases is a leading diet-related cause of death in the United States?

Diabetes

An ____ is a compound that speeds up (catalyzes) a chemical reaction.

Enzyme

A group of scientists would like to determine lifestyle factors that are associated with the development of asthma among American children. Based on this information, the researches should design a ___ study.

Epidemiological

Which of the following structures normally prevents swallowed food from entering the larynx and trachea?

Epiglottis

What does EER stand for and what does it calculate?

Estimated Energy Requirement: calculates your energy needs for one day

According to scientific evidence, which of the following actions can help reduce a person's risk of type 2 diabetes mellitus?

Exercising Daily

The ____ is responsible for ensuring the safety and effectiveness of medications.

FDA

Cells can metabolize minerals for energy

False

Not all protein must be supplied by the diet.

False

Vitamins are a source of energy (calories)

False

A serving of food supplies 25 g carbohydrate, 15 g fat, 18 g protein, and 100 g water. Which of the following statements is true about a serving of the food?

Fat provides the most food energy

The body is composed of two major compartments

Fat-free mass (lean tissues) and total body fat

The government agency that enforces consumer protection laws by investigating false or misleading health-related claims is the

Federal Trade Commission

The ___ is the primary government agency that oversees the safety of most foods in the United States.

Food and Drug Administration (FDA)

Bryan has type 2 diabetes. Which of the following conditions is a typical sign or symptom of this chronic disease?

Frequent Urination

Jamie wants to eat more foods that are naturally high in phytochemicals and fiber. Based on this information, which of the following foods would you recommend?

Fresh Fruits and Vegetables

Which of the following statements is true?

Fruits and vegetables are sources of fiber.

Which of the following compounds is secreted by the human stomach

Gastric Juice

____is the primary fuel for active muscles.

Glucose

Which of the following substances carries cholesterol away from tissue

HDL

Derek takes protein supplements before and after his workouts. He told his workout partner that he became 200% stronger within a couple of months after he added the supplements to his diet. His report about the effects of the supplements is an example of a(an)

anecdote

Vitamins

are organic molecules

People with celiac disease should

avoid foods that contain gluten

The common name for glucose is ____ sugar.

blood

During glcolysis, the body

breaks down one glucose molecule to form two pyruvate molecules

Carter wants to lower his blood cholesterol level. Based on this information, he should limit his intake of

butter and beef

MyPlate

can be individualized to meet a person's food preferences

Most forms of ___ are a source of energy for cells

carbohydrate

The primary function of the cardiovascular system is

circulation of blood throughout the body

Insulin

Helps glucose enter cells

This substance is produced in the stomach and facilitates intestinal absorption of vitamin B12?

Hemoglobin

Meat, Fish, poultry, eggs, milk, and milk products all contain

High-quality proteins

Which of the following statements about food labels is true?

Information about the grams of sugar in a serving of food is displayed on a food label.

______ is a mineral element

Iron

Jeanne's total blood cholesterol level is 240 mg/dl. According to this information,

Jeanne needs to reduce her total cholesterol level to under 200 mg/dl and increase her HDL level to lower her risk of heart disease.

Which of the following organs helps maintain the body's acid-base balance by removing excess hydrogen ions?

Kidneys

Caden develops intestinal cramps and gas after he drinks more than a half cup of milk. He can get yogurt and cheese without any discomfort. Based on this information, Caden probably has

Lactose intolerance

___ is the hormone that reduces hunger and inhabits fat storage in the body?

Leptin

____ is the disaccharide comprised of two glucose molecules?

Maltose

Maria usually consumes about 2000 kcal/day. On average, her fat intake is approximately 90 g/day. Based on this information, which of the following statements describes Maria's diet?

Maria's fat intake is higher than the AMDR.

____ Is the sum of all chemical reactions that occur in living cells

Metabolism

Stanley would like to compare the cholesterol contents of packaged hotdogs. He should read the ___ on the products' labels.

Nutrition Facts panel

Serena has a BMI of 29.8. How would you classify her BMI?

Overweight

Niacin deficiency diesease

Pallagra

____ is the commercial heating process that destroys harmful bacteria in milk and fruit juices

Pasteurization

____ are disease-causing microbes

Pathogens

Which of the following foods is both energy and nutrient dense?

Peanut Butter

What is the name of the gastric enzyme that breaks proteins into smaller polypeptieds?

Pepsin

Henry is concerned about his risk of osteoporosis. Which of the following characteristics is a modifiable risk factor for this chronic condition?

Physical activity level

Which of the following foods is not nutrient-dense?

Potato Chips

Which of the following is a main goal of Healthy People 2020

Promote quality of life, healthy development, and healthy behaviors for everyone

A popular fitness magazine has an article about the health benefits of high-fiber diets. If the article's author has the credentials _____ after his or her name, the article is likely to be a reliable source of nutrition information.

RD

The amount of Vitamin C that meets about 98% of the population's need for the nutrient is the ___ for the vitamin.

RDA

Glucagon

Raises blood glucose levels

Which of the following foods is most likely to support the growth of pathogens?

Raw ground meat

Dorothy is an 85-year-old woman who is having difficulty swallowing. Food seems to enter her stomach too slowly. Based on this information, Dorothy probably has a (an)

condition characterized by loss of peristaltic functioning.

If your diet supplies more sugar and starch than you need, the excess can be

converted into fat and stored

___ is the process of removing nitrogen from an amino acid

deamination

While in college, Ray gained several pounds of body fat. He wants to use the commendations of Dietary Guidelines for Americans, 2010 to achieve a healthy body weight. According to these guidelines, he should

Reduce the time he spends being physically inactive

Which of the following foods or beverages is a main source of added sugars in American diets?

Regular soft drinks

A group of nutrition researchers interviews 100 adults who have chronic high blood pressure to determine whether there is an association between consuming diets low in calcium during adolescence and developing high blood pressure in adulthood. This study is an example of a ___ study.

Retrospective

Vitamin D disorder in children

Rickets

Vitamin C-deficiency disease

Scurvy

Which of the following substances is a complex carbohydrate?

Starch

Which of the following food preservation processes effectively destroys microbes?

Sterilization

The body uses cholesterol to make

Steroid hormones

Which of the following menu items has ingredients that represent three different MyPlate food groups? (Careful: some answers may contain more than 3 groups or less than 3 groups...choose the one with only 3 different food groups)

Stir-fry made with shrimp, rice, green peas, broccoli, and onions

The primary function of an adipose cell is

Storing fat

A magazine advertisement for a weight loss product includes before and after photos of a woman who supposedly lost 50 pounds in 3 weeks while taking the product. The bottom of the ad includes the statement, "Results are not typical." This statement is an example of a(n)

disclaimer

Phil wants to eat more foods that are sources of healthy fats. Based on this information, which of the following foods would you recommend?

Sunflower Seeds

_____ includes farming techniques that do not deplete natural resources or harm the environment.

Sustainable agriculture

Anna has type 1 diabetes and gives herself insulin injections to help manage her blood glucose level. One afternoon, Anna tested her blood and discovered that her blood glucose level was 88 mg/dl. Based on this information, Anna should

do nothing to intervene, because her blood glucose level is normal.

A food has a pH that is higher than the pH of pure water but lower than the pH of oven cleaner. Based on this information, the food is

egg white

During low intensity exercise, ___ is primarily used as fuel for muscle cells.

fat

Jared often eats a large dinner about an hour before he lies down to sleep. Based on this information, he is likely to develop

gastroesophageal reflux disease

Max wants to restrict the added sugar intake of his 5-year-old son. He should

give the child low fat milk with meals and snacks instead of regular soft drinks.

Which of the following foods is the most rich in protein?

ham

Aflatoxins are

harmful compounds produced by certain molds

Albert is a healthy, 23-year-old college student. He would like to know more about his risk of cardiovascular disease, so he can take preventive measures, if they are necessary. Albert should

have a lipoprotein profile performed on a sample of his blood.

The major function of vitamin K is to

help produce blood clotting factors

The tolerable Upper limit for a nutrient is the

highest average amount that is unlikely to harm most people when consumed daily

Chronic alcohol abuse

increases fat deposits in the abdominal region

This is a condition developed due to low body stores of iron

iron deficiency

Consuming high levels of the mineral sodium can raise our blood pressure. A healthy blood pressure is around

less than than 120/80 mmHg

A chylomicron is a type of

lipoprotein

A group of registered dietitians is planning to conduct a scientific study to investigate the effects of eating honey on school-age children's behavior. At first, the researchers will

make observations

The process of digesting food begins in the

mouth

A sign of marasmus is

muscle wasting

An essential nutrient

must be supplied by the diet

A scientist thinks she has discovered an essential nutrient for humans, because this substance is

needed for the normal development of human cells

the brain and spinal cord are structures of the ___ system

nervous

A person following a vegan diet would eat

nuts

An ____ is a body structure composed of tissues that have related functions

organ

Researchers are conducting a study to determine the effects of vitamin C on the human immune system. The study involves providing pills that contain vitamin C to one group of human subjects and pills that do not contain vitamin C or other active ingredients to another group of people. The pills that do not contain the vitamin are

placebos

After reviewing the results of a patient's medical tests, a physician tells the patient that her mild back pain is not caused by a serious problem, and she can try acupuncture and massage therapy to relieve the discomfort. Based on this information, the physician's advice indicates that he

practices integrative medicine

According to a main goal of Healthy People 2020, Americans should

promote quality of life, healthy development, and healthy behaviors for everyone

What are minerals?

They are a group of elements in Earth's rocks, soils, and natural water sources.

A nutrition researcher would like to determine whether women who take fish oil supplements during pregnancy give birth to babies who score higher on basic intelligence tests when they are 5 years of age than the 5-year old children that were born to women who did not take the fish oil supplements during pregnancy. This kind of research is a _____ study.

prospective

In the body, lipids

provide insulation against cold temperatures

A person claims his newly invented device treats cancer without surgery, medication, or other forms of conventional medical therapy. However, people who have used the device report that it was not helpful, and it may have harmed them. According to this information, the inventor's claims and his device are

quackery

During a television interview, Dr. Ima Quack provides the following statement. "Most Americans suffer from nutritional deficiency diseases and will develop cancer within the next 10 years because they are not taking my megavitamin formula therapy." Dr. Quack's statement is an example of a(n)

scare tactic

Chyme is the

semisolid liquid formed by the partial digestion of food in the stomach

Dietitians often refer to _____ as "empty-calorie" foods.

sugar-sweetened soft drinks

According to the U.S. Food and Drug Administration, which of the following substances can not be classified as a dietary supplement?

tabacco

A famous actress appears in commercials endorsing the herbal supplement hoodia for weight loss. Her endorsement is an example of a(n)

testimonial

What does "negative energy balance" mean?

the body needs more calories than the diet is supplying

Glycogen is

the form of carbohydrate that is stored in liver and muscle tissue

Basal Metabolism

the minimum number of kilo calories our body uses for vital activities over a 12 hour period.

The primary site of vitamin absorption is

the small intestine

Miranda is considered to be physically fit. This means she has

the strength, endurance, and flexibility to meet the demands of daily living

The amount of water ingested by consuming beverages and foods is referred to as

total water intake

the bladder and kidneys are organs of the ___ system

urinary

Some functions of water include

Transporting substances, removing waste products, regulating body temperature

A vigorous physical activity generally requires a high degree of exertion.

True

An endurance athlete requires more protein per day than the average non-athlete adult

True

Certain fungi, such as button mushrooms, are safe to eat.

True

Irradiation of food is considered to be a safe process by the FDA

True

Thirst is the primary regulator of fluid intake.

True

The three components of an aerobic workout include

warming up, preforming the activity, and cooling down.

Manny's blood alcohol concentration is 0.36. Based on this information, Manny is

Unconscious

The lining of the small intestine is covered with ___, tiny finger-like structures that absorb nutrients from food.

Villi

Kristan uses % DVs to help plan nutritious menus with various packaged foods. She should try to obtain at least 100% of the Daily Value for which of the following nutrients?

Vitamin C

The body uses cholesterol to make

Vitamin D

Anna is 17 years of age and pregnant with her first child. She has difficulty earning enough money to support herself, and recently, she was diagnosed with iron deficiency. Based on this information, Anna should enroll in the ___ program.

WIC

April wants to add ___ to her salad, because the food is a naturally rich source of omega-3 fats.

Walnuts

The RDA for iron is

women: 18mg, men: 8mg

Which of the following observations is an example of a positive correlation?

When a population's vitamin D intake decreases, the percentage of people in the population that have healthy immune systems decreases.

Food-borne illnesses are usually characterized by

abdominal cramps, diarrhea, and vomiting

___ cells are responsible for storing fat

adipose

An estimated Average Requirement is the

amount of a nutrient that meets the needs of 50% of healthy people in a particular population