Nutrition Test #1
The nurse is teaching a high school health class about calcium. What should the nurse teach the students to eat in order to promote the absorption of calcium?
Milk
Nutrient deficiencies in young children are generally not a health risk. However, young children who drink too much milk are at risk for which of the following issues?
Milk anemia
While teaching a nutrition class, the nurse correctly discusses the largest source of sodium in the typical American diet is which of the following?
Processed foods
The school nurse is teaching nutrition to a group of kindergarten students. After presenting MyPlate to the students and discussing their food options, the nurse knows teaching has been effective when she hears which of the following comments?
"Half our plate should be fruits and vegetables."
When discussing healthy changes to the eating patterns with a client, the nurse should provide recommendations regarding eating less-than-healthful foods by making which of the following statements?
"It's great to enjoy them on special occasions."
The nurse is conducting nutrition counseling for a 21-year-old woman in the clinic area and discussing the credibility of information regarding organically grown foods. The nurse knows the client has an accurate understanding of organic foods when she makes which of the following statements?
"There is no growth hormone in organically grown meats."
The nurse is helping the client develop a meal plan based on 2000-calorie MyPlate plan. Which of the following menus shows the client understands the plan?
1 cup plain yogurt with fresh strawberry slices, 1 hard-boiled egg, 1 cup herbal tea, 1 slice 8-grain toast
The nurse is teaching a client about diet changes due to his recent cholecystectomy with emphasis on low-fat choices. Which of the following is an example of a good menu for the client?
1 cup sweet potatoes, 1 cup steamed collard greens, 3 oz wild rice, 3 oz ham
During a visit to the maternal child clinic, a client asks the nurse when she can begin giving her baby whole milk. Which of the following is the nurse's best response?
12 months
The client is now at 20 weeks of gestation. At conception, her weight was considered "normal." Approximately how much weight should she have gained by this time?
12 pounds
A young mother is concerned her 2-year-old daughter is gaining too much weight. Which of the following should the nurse recommend the mother to give daily when following a 1000 cal/day diet? Select all that apply.
2 oz protein, 1 cup vegetables, 2 cups dairy
A nurse is reviewing the healthy heart recommendations from the Dietary Guidelines for Americans with a group of parents. The parents in the group most likely have children in which age range?
2 years to adult
The nurse admitting a healthy 35-year-old woman to the outpatient surgery department for a day surgical procedure. She consumes approximately 2000 cal/day. What is her recommended intake of water?
2000 ml of fluid per day
The client is learning to make healthy choices in the food he eats by using MyPlate. Approximately what portion of the plate should be protein?
25%
A client has asked the nurse what is the recommended dosage for iron during pregnancy? Which of the following is the correct response?
27 mg/day
The client is a 32-year-old female whose prepregnancy body mass index (BMI) is 18. She is pregnant with a single fetus. Which amount of weight gain should the nurse recommend as healthy?
28 to 40 pounds
The client is 24 weeks pregnant. How much have her daily calorie needs increased over her first trimester needs?
300 calories
The mother of a 3-month-old infant asks the nurse in the breastfeeding clinic when the baby will be able to eat solids. Which of the following ages should the nurse respond?
6 months of age
While completing admission assessments, which of the following clients would the nurse identify to be considered at greatest nutritional risk?
A client who has four beers every evening
Although many people may not be meeting recommended nutritional guidelines for optimal health, it is not always necessary for people to take a vitamin supplement. Which of the following individuals is least likely to need a vitamin supplement?
A moderately active adult
When educating the client, the nurse understands that there can be some negativity associated with the term "diet." Many clients may view "diet" as another term for which of the following?
A short-term punishment to endure
One of the students in a nutrition class asks the nurse to explain the Acceptable Macronutrient Distribution Ranges (AMDRs). Which of the following is the best answer?
AMDRs provide nutritional ranges that can reduce risk of chronic disease.
The nurse is aware that particular populations are prone to vitamin deficiencies for various reasons. Why are older adults prone to vitamin D deficiency?
Aging reduces the kidneys' ability to activate vitamin D
A nurse is seeing a client who has just found out she is 10 weeks pregnant. When discussing what to avoid, which of the following should the nurse emphasize most?
Alcohol
The nurse is conducting admission assessments on four new clients. Which client would be referred to the dietitian because of suspected malnutrition?
An older adult client who has muscle wasting
Clients who need to be on antibiotics for a prolonged period of time may be at an increased risk of vitamin K deficiency for which of the following reasons?
Antibiotics kill intestinal bacteria that produce vitamin K
The nurse has asked the mother of a preschool-aged child diagnosed with iron deficiency anemia to keep a food record to review daily intake for 1 week. During a follow-up visit, the nurse determines the preschooler's BMI and reviews a food record for which of the following reasons?
Assess the amount of milk consumed
Which of the following statements by a client who is obese in prepregnancy indicates to the nurse the client understands the nurse's teaching?
At the high end of the range, I can gain 20 pounds
The school nurse is discussing nutrition with a group of preteen students. After discussing the various options in the food groups, they discuss the way solid fats and added sugars can be hidden in food and the importance of reading labels. Which of the following are examples of food with hidden solid fats and/or sugar? Select all that apply.
Banana chips; Microwave popcorn; Salt; Sweet rolls
The nurse obtains a height and weight at each well-child visit to determine the risk for obesity. All young clients who are not in a healthy weight range should be evaluated for which of the following? Select all that apply.
Behavior risks; Adequacy of food budget; Medical risks
The nurse is meeting with several pregnant clients to discuss breastfeeding. Which of the following statements about the benefits of breastfeeding for mothers and infants should the nurse include in the discussion? Select all that apply.
Breastfeeding can mobilize fat stores to help women lose weight, particularly in the lower body; Breastfeeding may be protective against breast cancer in the mother; Breastfeeding may decrease the risk of food allergies in the infant
When asked by the health class asks the nurse which mineral is the most abundant in the body, what is the correct response?
Calcium
The nurse is teaching the high school health class the benefit of including milk in the diet to prevent which of the following health complications?
Compromise of bone integrity
A nurse is recommending foods to avoid for a client who is pregnant. The nurse discusses caution when eating foods such as shark and swordfish for which of the following reasons?
Consumption can lead to neurologic abnormalities in the fetus
When conducting a nutritional screening with a client, the nurse tries to use terms other than "diet" when asking about the foods the client eats. Which term is not an appropriate alternative term to the word "diet"?
Counting calories
A nurse has attended a seminar covering the objectives of the Dietary Guidelines for Americans. Upon returning to the clinic, the nurse is asked what the clinic could do differently to meet the objectives. Which of the following would be an appropriate answer?
Discuss with clients what to eat rather than what not to eat
Unintentional weight loss can be an indicator of malnutrition; however, apparent weight gain may be an unreliable indicator of improvement due to which of the following?
Edema
A nurse is discussing strategies to encourage healthy eating behaviors in children. Which of the following points would be important to include? Select all that apply.
Encourage physical activity throughout the day; Make sure snacks are nutrient-dense; Parents should sit down to eat with their children
The nurse is conducting client education with a group of clients newly diagnosed with hypertension. The nurse assesses the effectiveness of the education by questioning how healthy sodium balance is maintained in the body. Which of the following is a correct response?
Extra sodium leaves the body through urine
The nurse has given the nutrition class an assignment to list and designate the most common foodborne illnesses and their symptoms. What symptoms would the nurse expect to see designated by the students? Select all that apply.
Fever, Nausea, Diarrhea
Given that bottled water is highly consumed by Americans, the nurse assessing the health needs of children in the community is aware that children who drink bottled water may require supplementation with which of the following?
Fluoride
The pregnant client tells the clinic nurse she is worried about neural tube defects in her baby. Which of the following nutritional sources should the nurse recommended to help clients prevent this fetal complication? Select all that apply.
Folate supplement; Lentils; Breakfast cereals
A client voices concerns about preventing neural tube defects during her pregnancy. The nurse knows the client should be taking which of the following supplements to prevent these problems?
Folic acid
The nurse is conducting a nutritional screening with an 84-year-old client with depression. Further into the assessment, the client describes positive feelings associated with certain foods eaten with his family in the past. In planning his meals, what would be appropriate for the nurse to include?
Foods that are considered "comfort foods"
While conducting a class on homeostasis as a function of the body, which of the following statements about homeostasis and minerals is true?
For some minerals, the body maintains homeostasis by releasing minerals from storage for redistribution
Parents of 4-month-old baby ask what concerns they should have about formula feeding. How should the nurse respond?
Formula-fed babies are at risk for being overfed
The nurse educator is introducing functional to a group of nursing students. Which of the following is best way for the nurse to describe functional foods?
Functional foods are those that have components that appear to enhance health
When providing teaching on feeding hazards with preschoolers, the nurse should include which of the following foods when discussing the risk for choking?
Grapes
A nurse working on a very busy unit feels she does not have adequate time to monitor each client's nutritional intake. What is a simple nursing intervention that can assist the nurse in evaluating clients' intended outcomes?
Have the client weighted daily and record the weight
When assessing a client who is planning to become pregnant, the nurse knows which of the following factors puts the client at risk for poor nutritional status during pregnancy? Select all that apply.
Heavy menstruation in pregnancy; Living in a remote area; prepregnancy BMI of 17
An 80-year-old female was admitted with pneumonia. During her assessment, she mentions she has recently had difficulty eating because "everything keeps going down the wrong pipe." When the nurse is developing a care plan, which of the following is an appropriate nursing diagnosis to include?
High risk of aspiration
When assessing the client's understanding of the role of beta-carotene in health, which of the following statements indicate the client has a correct understanding of role of this nutrient?
I include winter squash in several of my meals; it helps my eyesight
A nurse is providing education to a client about the differences between fat-soluble and water-soluble vitamins. The client is correct in making which of the following statements after the teaching session?
I need to eat water-soluble vitamins every day
Nursing care plans include nursing diagnoses that address nutrition status when the nurse assesses this as a client need. After identifying a nutritional deficiency in a client, which nursing diagnosis would be most appropriate to include?
Imbalanced nutrition: less than body requirements
Which of the following foods would be the best option for introducing to a 6-month old infant?
Infant rice cereal
When providing information to nursing students about irradiation, which statement made by the nurse educator describes this process accurately?
Irradiation does not use heat
When describing the overall goals of Dietary Guidelines for Americans to a client who wants to make changes in his eating pattern, which of the following is the best way for the nurse to describe this initiative?
It is an initiative aimed at helping people make higher quality food choices.
The nurse is caring for a client for whom serum albumin screening has been used to assess protein status. The nurse understands that there are disadvantages to using albumin to indicate the nutritional status of protein in the body. What is one of those disadvantages?
It is not specific for nutritional status.
A client in the prenatal clinic tells the nurse she is having trouble keeping her breakfast down and has waves of nausea throughout the day. Which of the following is the most appropriate nutritional intervention the nurse can suggest to the client?
Limiting fat intake
A nurse is teaching a class on nutrition and is discussing what clients need to know about taking dietary supplements. Which of the following information should the nurse include? Select all that apply.
Look for evidence to determine safety; Take one supplement at a time; Look for FDA resources on the internet
A client is concerned she is not getting enough vitamin D in her diet. The nurse provides some client education regarding sources of vitamin D. The nurse includes in the teaching that synthesis of vitamin D is NOT impaired by which of the following?
Low calcium intake
The nurse is conducting an assessment of a new client who has been using mega doses of nutritional supplements for several years. The nurse is aware that consistently high doses of many vitamins have no adverse effects; however, long-term exposure to synthetic folic acid may do which of the following?
Mask a deficiency of vitamin B12
A nurse educator is teaching a class about the role of minerals in the diet. The nurse is assesses that teaching was effective when students are able to verbalize which of the following?
Minerals originate from the earth's crust
When preparing information about contemporary problems with healthy eating in children, which of the following issues should the nurse include? Select all that apply.
Obtain a significant portion of their calories from sweetened beverages; Get one third of their calories from snacks; Skip breakfast
A nursing student is taking a course in geriatric nursing, and the subject for today is altered nutritional status. Which of the following data from the physical assessment is least reliable in indicating to the nurse that the older adult client might be malnourished?
Poor wound healing
A nurse is providing teaching to a client who has recently started consuming a lacto-vegetarian diet. The nurse is correct in informing the client that she will be able to take in more of which mineral?
Potassium
The nurse explains that a label should include some specific facts now required by law for the labeling of dietary supplements. Which of the following are some required facts? Select all that apply.
Purity of the product, Quality of the product, Quantity of the product
The clinic nurse is conducting teaching regarding dietary supplements with an adolescent client who is an athlete at school. The client teaching should include which of the following? Select all that apply.
Read the dietary supplement label; Do not give supplements to children younger than 6 years of age; Discuss supplement use with your doctor
The nurse is discussing nutritional needs with a client who is considering pregnancy. The nurse correctly tells the client caloric needs typically start to increase at which point in the pregnancy?
Second trimester
A 77-year-old client who lives alone is admitted to the hospital after his children found him in a confused state at home. As the nurse is preparing the nursing care plan, which of the following nursing diagnoses would indicate a nutrition intervention is required?
Self-care deficit: feeding
During a class on fluid balance, the nurse educator discusses water as a vital element for the human body. The class has effectively learned at least one of the functions of water when they state which of the following?
Serves as a solvent for vitamins and glucose
A client is admitted with persistent diarrhea and a weight loss of 10 pounds. Which of the following assessment data is significant about the weight loss if the client stated it happened over the past 3 months?
Signifies a chronic versus acute condition
The client is learning to read the "Nutrition Facts" label when shopping for food. Information that appears on the "Nutrition Facts" label is specific for which of the following?
Size listed
Sodium is a necessary nutrient and the major extracellular cation in the body. When providing client education regarding the importance of sodium in the body, which of the following is the most accurate statement the nurse can make?
Sodium helps the transmission of impulses between brain cells
The genetic engineering of our food supply has produced varied results. Which foods available in American supermarkets are most likely to have genetically engineered ingredients?
Soybean oil and corn syrup
A day care center has contacted the clinic requesting assistance in providing better choices for snacks for their clients. Which of the following are the best choices for these preschool children? Select all that apply.
Strawberries, Oranges, Fresh apple slices
The client is being evaluated for dehydration. The nurse is aware which of the following conditions increase the loss of fluid from the body?
Strenuous exercise
The nurse works with several clients who routinely take nutritional supplements. The nurse is aware that which of the following statements about vitamins is true?
Taking large doses of vitamin A is potentially harmful
The physician has recommended that a client take a vitamin supplement. What would the client look for when choosing a vitamin supplement?
The "Supplement Facts" label
The nurse provides a client with information about Dietary Reference Intakes (DRIs). The nurse correctly describes DRIs as which of the following?
The concepts of probability and risk
The nurse is aware that the production of pale yellow urine is assumed to be a reliable indicator of adequate fluid intake. However, in certain age groups thirst is only recognized after significant fluid loss. For which of the following age groups is this true?
The elderly
Physiologically and developmentally, an infant will indicate when he or she is ready and able to have solid foods added to his or her diet. What indication in an infant would tell the nurse that he or she is ready to progress to solid foods?
The eruption of teeth
The nurse has been asked to speak on diet and nutrition at a local community center. During the presentation, the nurse discusses the importance of "Adequate Intake." Which of the following should the nurse be sure to include regarding this topic?
The primary purpose of the Adequate Intake is to provide a nutritional goal for people to try to achieve
A client who is 23 weeks pregnant tells the nurse she is considering drinking herbal tea to help relax in the evenings. Which of the following would be the nurse's best response?
The safety of herbs in pregnancy is not known
It is recommended that people older than the age of 50 years take vitamin supplements, but it is important they take the proper type of supplement—namely, "50+" or "mature" multivitamin supplement formulas for which of the following reasons?
They contain less iron
The clinic nurse is conducting an education session for clients who are taking anticoagulants. Which of the following important information should the nurse include when providing teaching to the clients?
They should consume about the same amount of vitamin K each day
The nurse is admitting a 35-year-old client with alcoholism to the hospital. In planning nursing care, what long-term nutritional goals might the nurse set?
To improve eating habits to reduce the risk of chronic disease
The nurse has been asked to speak on "Nutrition in the Foods We Eat" at a local town meeting. During the presentation, functional foods are explained. Which foods would be described as natural functional foods? Select all that apply.
Tomatoes, Yogurt, Garlic
The mother of a 7-month-old infant tells the nurse she has been putting fruit juice in a bottle for her baby to drink. Which of the following is the nurse's best response?
Try offering the fruit juice in a cup
Foodborne illnesses affect thousands of people every year. What is the major cause of foodborne illnesses?
Unsanitary food handling
The nurse is assessing a new client who is being admitted due to possible mineral toxicity. When taking the client's nutritional history, the nurse is most likely to find that the client has been doing which of the following?
Using excessive mineral supplements
The health-care provider has instructed the client to eat foods that will provide more vitamin E. Which of the following should the nurse recommend that the client eat?
Vegetable oils
The healthcare provider has instructed the client to eat foods that will provide more vitamin E. Which of the following should the nurse recommend that the client eat?
Vegetable oils
Inadequate gastric acid secretion secondary to gastric resection, use of medications that suppress gastric acid, or gastric infection with Helicobacter pylori is the most common cause of which of the following?
Vitamin B12 deficiency
A client who is breastfeeding her baby from birth t o1 year should be informed to supplement her baby with which of the following vitamins?
Vitamin D
A nurse is seeing a client who is having difficulties understanding why it would be dangerous to take more vitamin D than indicated on the directions on the bottle. Which of the following responses by the nurse is best?
Vitamin D is fat soluble; excess is stored
The nurse is aware that vitamins are organic compounds that differ in function and availability. When discussing properties of vitamins with a client, which of the following statements is accurate?
Vitamins are susceptible to destruction by factors such as heat, air, and light
To ensure all inpatients receive adequate care, The Joint Commission specifies that nutrition screening be conducted at what time during hospital admission?
Within 24 hours after admission
A nurse is seeing a client who is 23 weeks pregnant. The client asks, "Is it really that necessary to take a prenatal vitamin?" Which of the following is the nurse's best response?
Yes, because the RDA for iron increases with pregnancy
