nutrition test #2

this morning, Margie's fasting blood glucose level indicated that she has hyperglycemia & diabetes. Based on this information, her fasting blood glucose level was___ mg/dl

120

Sarah consumes approximately 2000 kcal/day. According to recommendations of dietary guidelines(2010). she should limit her saturated fat intake to fewer than ___ Kcal/day.

200

Which of the following compounds is not secreted by the human stomach?

Bile

The _____ of a food describes the extent to which the body is able to absorb the nutrients from the food and use them?

Bioavailability

Which of the following substances has a pH that is higher than the pH of pure water?

Blood

Hillary would like to add more soluble fiber to her diet. which of the following foods should she ass?

Citrus fruits

which of the following substances is an important dietary monosaccharide for humans

Fructose

Phil is a healthy college student. when he wakes up In the morning, he cant wait to eat breakfast. while he is asleep& before he consumes food or beverages, his pancreas secretes___ to maintain his blood glucose level within normal his blood glucose level within normal limits.

Glucagon

nervous system cells rely on primary_____ for energy

Glucose

Laura consumes a sugar-frosted doughnut for a snack. In her gastrointestinal tract, the sucrose in the doughnut is digested into ______molecules?

Glucose & Fructose

Which of the following microbes is associated with the development of most stomach ulcers?

H. pylori

which of the following substances carries cholesterol away from tissues

HDL

certain organs and tissues use____ to send messages to target cells

Hormones

a(n)____ is an atom or a group of atoms that has a positive or negative charge

Ion

Marissa is concerned about her risk of type 2 diabetes. To reduce her risk of this disease, Marissa should

avoid gaining excess weight

bill would like to follow recommendation that would reduce his risk of cardiovascular disease(CVD). based on this information, bill should

become more physically active

The _____ is the smallest living functional unit in an organism

cell

Jared has a high risk of cardiovascular disease, because he has

chronic high blood pressure

after being absorbed, most lipids become incorporated into

chylomicrons

if your diet supplies more sugar& starch than you need, that excess can be

converted into fat & stored

Layla loves to cook, but she is concerned about the effects that certain dietary lipids may have on her health. She wants to prepare foods with fats that are naturally low in saturated fatty acids and high in polyunsaturated fatty acids. Based on this information, which of the following ingredients should she select

corn oil

Steve has pancreatic cancer. as a result of the disease, Steve has a risk of

diabetes mellitus

Pancreatic amylase

digests starch in the small intestine

Iron, calcium, and carbon are

elements

an _____ is an ion that can conduct electricity

enzyme

an___ is a compound that speeds up (catalyzes) a chemical reaction

enzyme

most lipids have____ in their chemical structures?

fatty acids

When muscle cells have more glucose than they need for energy, they may store some of excess as

glycogen

Insulin

helps glucose enter cells

Layla has a high risk of cardiovascular disease, because of her family history and

high blood levels of LDL cholesterol

betty is constipated; she generally has bowel movements only twice a week. to help relieve her constipation without taking medication, betty should

increase her intake of foods that contain insoluble fiber

Marcus has an infection that cause a temporary loss of villi. based on this information, you would expect Marcus to ___ while he has this illness.

lose weight rapidly

______ is the sum of all chemicals reactions that occur in living cells

metabolism

the brain and spinal cord are structure of the ___ system

nervous

an______ is a body structures composed of tissues that have related functions

organ

Lecithin is a type of

phospholipid

the body uses essentials fatty acids to make prostaglandin

prostaglandins

in the body, lipids

provide energy

in chemistry class, Karl combines hydrochloric acid with a base called sodium hydroxide. this chemical reaction results in the formation of a

salt

what is the major difference between soluble& insoluble forms of fiber

soluble fiber dissolves or swells in water, whereas insoluble fiber generally does not change in water

the body uses cholesterol to make

steroid hormones

five year old tailia develops abdominal cramps & diarrhea a few hours after she eats sugary food. based on this information, tailia probably has

sucrase deficiency

glycogen is

the form of carbohydrates that is stored in liver & muscle tissue

the liver uses cholesterol to make

water

which of the following physiological changes is a result of catabolic chemical reaction

weight loss as a result of starvation

which of the following is true

A. a diet that contains whole-grain foods may help relieve constipation B. the pancreas secretes glucagon, a hormone the signals your cells to take up glucose from the bloodstream C. the human body stores carbohydrates as glucose D. maltose is the complex carbohydrate in potatoes, rice, & beans

which of the following statement is true

A. after an enzyme catalyzes a chemical reaction, it can no longer function B. most enzymes have names that end with -ase C. enzymes can function under a wised range of environmental conditions, such as pH and temperature D. enzymes can function as electrolytes

Which of the following statements is true?

A. each gram of fat contribute s4 kcal B. adding fat to a food reduces the food's "mouth feel" C. Fat contributes to the flavor of foods D. food fat is not a source of essential foods

which of the following statement is true?

A. the omega end f a fatty acid molecule is the acid portion of the molecule B. a fatty acid is a polymer of glucose molecules c. most fatty acids in food are water soluble D. nature, fatty acids typically have even numbers of carbon atoms

Which of the following statements is true?

A. the omega end of a fatty acid molecule is the acid portion of the molecule B. most fatty acids in food are water soluble C. a fatty acid has a chain of carbon bonded to each other and to hydrogen atoms D. a fatty acid is a polymer of glucose molecules

which of the fatty acids is an essential fatty acid?

Alpha Linoleic acid

which of the following foods is a naturally rich source of monounsaturated fatty acids?

Avocado

which of the following foods or beverages in the main source of added sugars in American diets

Sugar-sweetened soft drinks

The_____ is the second segment of the small intestine?

Jejunum

clayton is a 19 year old student. he avoids mils, because he claims drinking the beverage upsets his stomach& gives him intestinal "gas". however, he can eat yogurt & certain types of cheese without experiencing any symptoms. based on the information clayton probably has

Lactose intolerance

_____ acid is an omega-6 fatty acid

Linoleic

The____ is an accessory organ of the digestive system?

Liver

which of the following characteristics or conditions is a major risk factor for cardiovascular disease (CVD)

Male sex

Mason would like to compare the saturated fat contents of salad dressings. to obtain this information, he should read the ____ on the products'; labels.

Nutritional facts Panel

which of the following food has a high glycemic index but a low glycemic load?

Plain Microwave Popcorn