nutrition test #2
this morning, Margie's fasting blood glucose level indicated that she has hyperglycemia & diabetes. Based on this information, her fasting blood glucose level was___ mg/dl
120
Sarah consumes approximately 2000 kcal/day. According to recommendations of dietary guidelines(2010). she should limit her saturated fat intake to fewer than ___ Kcal/day.
200
Which of the following compounds is not secreted by the human stomach?
Bile
The _____ of a food describes the extent to which the body is able to absorb the nutrients from the food and use them?
Bioavailability
Which of the following substances has a pH that is higher than the pH of pure water?
Blood
Hillary would like to add more soluble fiber to her diet. which of the following foods should she ass?
Citrus fruits
which of the following substances is an important dietary monosaccharide for humans
Fructose
Phil is a healthy college student. when he wakes up In the morning, he cant wait to eat breakfast. while he is asleep& before he consumes food or beverages, his pancreas secretes___ to maintain his blood glucose level within normal his blood glucose level within normal limits.
Glucagon
nervous system cells rely on primary_____ for energy
Glucose
Laura consumes a sugar-frosted doughnut for a snack. In her gastrointestinal tract, the sucrose in the doughnut is digested into ______molecules?
Glucose & Fructose
Which of the following microbes is associated with the development of most stomach ulcers?
H. pylori
which of the following substances carries cholesterol away from tissues
HDL
certain organs and tissues use____ to send messages to target cells
Hormones
a(n)____ is an atom or a group of atoms that has a positive or negative charge
Ion
Marissa is concerned about her risk of type 2 diabetes. To reduce her risk of this disease, Marissa should
avoid gaining excess weight
bill would like to follow recommendation that would reduce his risk of cardiovascular disease(CVD). based on this information, bill should
become more physically active
The _____ is the smallest living functional unit in an organism
cell
Jared has a high risk of cardiovascular disease, because he has
chronic high blood pressure
after being absorbed, most lipids become incorporated into
chylomicrons
if your diet supplies more sugar& starch than you need, that excess can be
converted into fat & stored
Layla loves to cook, but she is concerned about the effects that certain dietary lipids may have on her health. She wants to prepare foods with fats that are naturally low in saturated fatty acids and high in polyunsaturated fatty acids. Based on this information, which of the following ingredients should she select
corn oil
Steve has pancreatic cancer. as a result of the disease, Steve has a risk of
diabetes mellitus
Pancreatic amylase
digests starch in the small intestine
Iron, calcium, and carbon are
elements
an _____ is an ion that can conduct electricity
enzyme
an___ is a compound that speeds up (catalyzes) a chemical reaction
enzyme
most lipids have____ in their chemical structures?
fatty acids
When muscle cells have more glucose than they need for energy, they may store some of excess as
glycogen
Insulin
helps glucose enter cells
Layla has a high risk of cardiovascular disease, because of her family history and
high blood levels of LDL cholesterol
betty is constipated; she generally has bowel movements only twice a week. to help relieve her constipation without taking medication, betty should
increase her intake of foods that contain insoluble fiber
Marcus has an infection that cause a temporary loss of villi. based on this information, you would expect Marcus to ___ while he has this illness.
lose weight rapidly
______ is the sum of all chemicals reactions that occur in living cells
metabolism
the brain and spinal cord are structure of the ___ system
nervous
an______ is a body structures composed of tissues that have related functions
organ
Lecithin is a type of
phospholipid
the body uses essentials fatty acids to make prostaglandin
prostaglandins
in the body, lipids
provide energy
in chemistry class, Karl combines hydrochloric acid with a base called sodium hydroxide. this chemical reaction results in the formation of a
salt
what is the major difference between soluble& insoluble forms of fiber
soluble fiber dissolves or swells in water, whereas insoluble fiber generally does not change in water
the body uses cholesterol to make
steroid hormones
five year old tailia develops abdominal cramps & diarrhea a few hours after she eats sugary food. based on this information, tailia probably has
sucrase deficiency
glycogen is
the form of carbohydrates that is stored in liver & muscle tissue
the liver uses cholesterol to make
water
which of the following physiological changes is a result of catabolic chemical reaction
weight loss as a result of starvation
which of the following is true
A. a diet that contains whole-grain foods may help relieve constipation B. the pancreas secretes glucagon, a hormone the signals your cells to take up glucose from the bloodstream C. the human body stores carbohydrates as glucose D. maltose is the complex carbohydrate in potatoes, rice, & beans
which of the following statement is true
A. after an enzyme catalyzes a chemical reaction, it can no longer function B. most enzymes have names that end with -ase C. enzymes can function under a wised range of environmental conditions, such as pH and temperature D. enzymes can function as electrolytes
Which of the following statements is true?
A. each gram of fat contribute s4 kcal B. adding fat to a food reduces the food's "mouth feel" C. Fat contributes to the flavor of foods D. food fat is not a source of essential foods
which of the following statement is true?
A. the omega end f a fatty acid molecule is the acid portion of the molecule B. a fatty acid is a polymer of glucose molecules c. most fatty acids in food are water soluble D. nature, fatty acids typically have even numbers of carbon atoms
Which of the following statements is true?
A. the omega end of a fatty acid molecule is the acid portion of the molecule B. most fatty acids in food are water soluble C. a fatty acid has a chain of carbon bonded to each other and to hydrogen atoms D. a fatty acid is a polymer of glucose molecules
which of the fatty acids is an essential fatty acid?
Alpha Linoleic acid
which of the following foods is a naturally rich source of monounsaturated fatty acids?
Avocado
which of the following foods or beverages in the main source of added sugars in American diets
Sugar-sweetened soft drinks
The_____ is the second segment of the small intestine?
Jejunum
clayton is a 19 year old student. he avoids mils, because he claims drinking the beverage upsets his stomach& gives him intestinal "gas". however, he can eat yogurt & certain types of cheese without experiencing any symptoms. based on the information clayton probably has
Lactose intolerance
_____ acid is an omega-6 fatty acid
Linoleic
The____ is an accessory organ of the digestive system?
Liver
which of the following characteristics or conditions is a major risk factor for cardiovascular disease (CVD)
Male sex
Mason would like to compare the saturated fat contents of salad dressings. to obtain this information, he should read the ____ on the products'; labels.
Nutritional facts Panel
which of the following food has a high glycemic index but a low glycemic load?
Plain Microwave Popcorn