Nutrition Test 2

The RDA for protein in a healthy adult is ______ grams/kg of body weight.

.8

The two key factors in determining the quality of a protein are amino acid composition and the __________________.

Digestibility

chemical link that connects two amino acids together

Peptide bond

A meal that provides all of the essential amino acids without including animal protein consists of

complementary combinations

PDCAA

considers how well the body converts food protein into body tissue and also the amino acid composition.

Protein functions as:

enzymes, antibodies, and compounds that help maintain fluid and pH balance

Animal proteins are a good source of all nine _________ amino acids.

essential

Celiac disease and gluten sensitivity are the same condition.

false

According to the who, treating children with PEM includes

hospitalization, frequent health assessment, and controlled feedings.

small chains of amino acids

peptides

Protein-energy malnutrition affects people whose diets lack ___________.

protein and energy

During protein synthesis, the mRNA moves to the _____________ after leaving the nucleus.

ribosomes

The steps involved in the digestion of protein beginning in the stomach

1. Denaturation by stomach acid and partial digestion by pepsin. 2. The pancreas secretes protein-splitting enzymes. 3. Final digestion occurs within absorptive cells. 4. Amino acids enter the portal vein and travel to the liver 5. Rectum: Very little dietary protein is excreted in feces.

put the processes of protein digestion in the correct order, from start to finish.

1. Digested proteins move from the stomach into the small intestine. 2. Fur

Which of the following elements are combined to make a protein

carbon, hydrogen, nitrogen, oxygen

where does protein begin and end?

stomach/small intestinal cells

Basic Steps of Protein Synthesis

1. DNA unwinds exposing a gene. 2. The gene undergoes transcription, forming messenger RNA. 3. mRNA transfers the information from the nucleus to ribosomes. 4. The ribosomes "read" the messenger RNA 5. RNA molecule conveys a particular amino acid to the ribosome. 6.At the ribosome, the amino acid attaches to the peptide chain.

Rank the correct order for the steps of urea production and removal.

1. Deamination results in the production of ammonia 2. Liver coverts ammonia to urea 3. Urea is released into the blood 4.Kidneys pick up urea and eliminate it in the urine.

Which of the following are potential causes of denaturation

Heat and Stomach acid

Which of the following are potential deficiencies from following a vegetarian diet?

Iron, calcium, vitamin D and riboflavin

Gluten sensitivity and celiac disease have which of the following in common?

Requires a gluten free diet and symptoms such as diarrhea and weight lost

Edema refers to

a buildup of fluid in tissues

Allergic reactions can occur as soon as __________ minutes after eating the offending food.

a few

Cellac disease is a common inherited condition that results in poor _____ of nutrients from the small intestine.

absorption

after being digested, most amino acids are transported into __________

absorptive cells

Proteins are made up of smaller units called

amino acids

Eats milk and milk products and eggs but no other animal foods.

lactoovovegetarian

Eats milk and milk products but no animal flesh

lactovegetarian

PER

measures the weight gain of growing laboratory animals in relation to a specific type of protein

Nutritional genomics

the reason that one person might take a vitamin D supplement resulting in kidney stones and another person might take the same amount of that supplement and not develop kidney stones may be related to __________ ____________.

A person who relies heavily on plant foods and may or may not include some animal foods in their diet is considered a

vegetarian

A person consuming 2000 kcals and eating her kcals from protein is eating how many grams of protein.

100grams

A 35 year old man who is at a healthy body weight of 80 kg has a protein RDA of ______ grams/day.

64 multiply their weight if healthy by .8g

proteins comprised of 50 or more amino acids

polypeptides

Enzymes, antibodies, and clotting compounds are made of __________.

proteins

To make proteins, cells assemble the 20 amino acids in specific sequences according to information provided by DNA.

DNA

Which element is primarily lost through the elimination of urea and creatinine.

Nitrogen

amino acids are the end product of ______ digestion.

Protein

Eats eggs but no other animal foods

ovovegetarian

Your body makes proteins by following information coded in your ____________.

DNA and deoxyribonucleic acid

Having a headache and intestinal discomfort from eating a food, without triggering the body's immune response is a sign of a _______ ______.

Food intolerance

Biological value

based on how well and how quickly the body converts food protein into body tissue proteins