Nutrition Test 2
The RDA for protein in a healthy adult is ______ grams/kg of body weight.
.8
The two key factors in determining the quality of a protein are amino acid composition and the __________________.
Digestibility
chemical link that connects two amino acids together
Peptide bond
A meal that provides all of the essential amino acids without including animal protein consists of
complementary combinations
PDCAA
considers how well the body converts food protein into body tissue and also the amino acid composition.
Protein functions as:
enzymes, antibodies, and compounds that help maintain fluid and pH balance
Animal proteins are a good source of all nine _________ amino acids.
essential
Celiac disease and gluten sensitivity are the same condition.
false
According to the who, treating children with PEM includes
hospitalization, frequent health assessment, and controlled feedings.
small chains of amino acids
peptides
Protein-energy malnutrition affects people whose diets lack ___________.
protein and energy
During protein synthesis, the mRNA moves to the _____________ after leaving the nucleus.
ribosomes
The steps involved in the digestion of protein beginning in the stomach
1. Denaturation by stomach acid and partial digestion by pepsin. 2. The pancreas secretes protein-splitting enzymes. 3. Final digestion occurs within absorptive cells. 4. Amino acids enter the portal vein and travel to the liver 5. Rectum: Very little dietary protein is excreted in feces.
put the processes of protein digestion in the correct order, from start to finish.
1. Digested proteins move from the stomach into the small intestine. 2. Fur
Which of the following elements are combined to make a protein
carbon, hydrogen, nitrogen, oxygen
where does protein begin and end?
stomach/small intestinal cells
Basic Steps of Protein Synthesis
1. DNA unwinds exposing a gene. 2. The gene undergoes transcription, forming messenger RNA. 3. mRNA transfers the information from the nucleus to ribosomes. 4. The ribosomes "read" the messenger RNA 5. RNA molecule conveys a particular amino acid to the ribosome. 6.At the ribosome, the amino acid attaches to the peptide chain.
Rank the correct order for the steps of urea production and removal.
1. Deamination results in the production of ammonia 2. Liver coverts ammonia to urea 3. Urea is released into the blood 4.Kidneys pick up urea and eliminate it in the urine.
Which of the following are potential causes of denaturation
Heat and Stomach acid
Which of the following are potential deficiencies from following a vegetarian diet?
Iron, calcium, vitamin D and riboflavin
Gluten sensitivity and celiac disease have which of the following in common?
Requires a gluten free diet and symptoms such as diarrhea and weight lost
Edema refers to
a buildup of fluid in tissues
Allergic reactions can occur as soon as __________ minutes after eating the offending food.
a few
Cellac disease is a common inherited condition that results in poor _____ of nutrients from the small intestine.
absorption
after being digested, most amino acids are transported into __________
absorptive cells
Proteins are made up of smaller units called
amino acids
Eats milk and milk products and eggs but no other animal foods.
lactoovovegetarian
Eats milk and milk products but no animal flesh
lactovegetarian
PER
measures the weight gain of growing laboratory animals in relation to a specific type of protein
Nutritional genomics
the reason that one person might take a vitamin D supplement resulting in kidney stones and another person might take the same amount of that supplement and not develop kidney stones may be related to __________ ____________.
A person who relies heavily on plant foods and may or may not include some animal foods in their diet is considered a
vegetarian
A person consuming 2000 kcals and eating her kcals from protein is eating how many grams of protein.
100grams
A 35 year old man who is at a healthy body weight of 80 kg has a protein RDA of ______ grams/day.
64 multiply their weight if healthy by .8g
proteins comprised of 50 or more amino acids
polypeptides
Enzymes, antibodies, and clotting compounds are made of __________.
proteins
To make proteins, cells assemble the 20 amino acids in specific sequences according to information provided by DNA.
DNA
Which element is primarily lost through the elimination of urea and creatinine.
Nitrogen
amino acids are the end product of ______ digestion.
Protein
Eats eggs but no other animal foods
ovovegetarian
Your body makes proteins by following information coded in your ____________.
DNA and deoxyribonucleic acid
Having a headache and intestinal discomfort from eating a food, without triggering the body's immune response is a sign of a _______ ______.
Food intolerance
Biological value
based on how well and how quickly the body converts food protein into body tissue proteins