OB Exam 4 PrepU

A client is scheduled to have a Papanicolaou test. After the nurse teaches the client about the Pap test, which statement by the client indicates successful teaching?

"I will not engage in sexual intercourse for 48 hours before the test."

A nurse is reviewing the various treatment options with a client diagnosed with uterine fibroids. The nurse determines that the teaching was successful based on which statement?

"If I use hormone therapy, my fibroids may grow back when I stop the medication."

A female client has been trying to conceive for 3 months. She tells the nurse, "I just know something is wrong with me." Which response by the nurse is best?

"It can take up to 1 year of regular, unprotected intercourse to conceive."

*The nurse is planning to speak at a local community center to a group of middle-aged women about osteoporosis. Which measure would the nurse be sure to include as effective in reducing the risk for osteoporosis?*

*engaging in daily weight-bearing exercise*

A nurse is preparing a presentation for a health fair at a local college. The nurse is creating a poster to emphasize the need for cervical cancer screening. The nurse would list which age to begin screening?

21 yrs

The nurse is reviewing a client's electronic medical record and notices that the client has recently experienced dyspareunia. The nurse knows that this is an effect of aging on the female reproductive system. What is the best description of dyspareunia that the nurse can share with the nursing student who is going to see this client with the nurse?

A woman experiences painful intercourse.

A client has undergone an abdominal hysterectomy to remove uterine fibroids (uterine myomas). Which interventions should a nurse perform as a part of the postoperative care for the client? Select all that apply.

Administer analgesics promptly and use a patient-controlled analgesia (PCA) pump. Ambulate frequently. Administer antiemetics to control nausea and vomiting.

A couple is being assessed for infertility. The male partner is required to collect a semen sample for analysis. What instruction should the nurse give him?

Deliver sample for analysis within 1 to 2 hours after ejaculation.

A client presents at the clinic and is interested in obtaining emergency contraception (EC). The nurse explains that EC must be used within 72 hours of unprotected sex to be effective. This is because:

ECs simply prevent embryo creation and uterine implantation from occurring in the first place.

A nurse is educating a 25-year-old client with a family history of cervical cancer. Which test should the nurse inform the client about to detect cervical cancer at an early stage?

Papanicolaou test

A nurse should instruct a client who has premenstrual syndrome (PMS) to make which of these lifestyle modifications?

Reduce caffeine, walk several times a week, use relaxation techniques, and maintain a regular sleep schedule.

A nurse supervisor observes a nurse massage a client's injection site after giving a dose of depot medroxyprogesterone acetate (Depo-Provera). What is the priority response by the nurse supervisor?

Remind the nurse that this injection should absorb slowly.

During a routine physical examination, the client is noted to have a Bartholin cyst abscess. The nurse recognizes the need to obtain testing to rule out:

STI

A client is waiting for the results of an endometrial biopsy for suspected endometrial cancer. She wants to know more about endometrial cancer and asks the nurse about the available treatment options. Which treatment information should the nurse give the client?

Surgery involves removal of the uterus, fallopian tubes, and ovaries; adjuvant therapy is used if relevant.

A young woman has been referred for a colposcopy by the health care provider. The nurse is educating the woman on the procedure. Which information about the colposcopy should the nurse provide?

The results of the Papanicolaou test were abnormal; therefore, this procedure must be done.

A 27-year-old lactating client presents with the report of a solid, painless lump in her left breast. On examination, the nurse notes that the lump is mobile and slightly tender to pressure. The nurse suspects this is:

a fibroadenoma

The nursing instructor is teaching about Bartholin cysts and informs the students that Bartholin cysts are the most common cystic growth in the vulva. She describes this type of cyst as being:

a swollen, fluid-filled, sac-like structure.

A nurse is reviewing the symptoms of ovarian cancer with a recently diagnosed 60-year-old woman. Which are common symptoms of ovarian cancer? Select all that apply.

abdominal pressure back pain abdominal fullness

A diabetic client who also suffers from urinary incontinence knows the importance of maintaining her blood glucose levels. This is doubly important for this type of client in regards to her incontinence because of which factor?

abnormal glucose levels can cause polyuria

A 36-year-old was diagnosed with uterine fibroids (uterine myomas). The nurse teaches the client to expect which clinical manifestation?

abnormal uterine bleeding

A health care provider has ordered a medically induced termination of pregnancy for a client. Which findings in the client's health history would require the nurse to question the order? *Select all that apply.*

an intrauterine device is placed severe asthma with inhaler use

Which pharmacologic treatment would not be therapeutic for a woman with fibrocystic breast changes?

antihistamines

A nurse is teaching a woman how to perform breast self-examination as part of breast self-awareness. The nurse determines that the teaching was successful when the client states that she will complete the visual portion of the exam with her body in which position? Select all that apply.

arms hanging down at her side arms raised up behind the head body bending forward

The nurse is preparing to teach a 22-year-old college student with PID how to prevent a repeat episode in the future. Which suggestion should the nurse prioritize?

avoid sexual intercourse

A nurse is preparing a presentation for a group of women who are of age to have children about the risk for cancer during pregnancy. When describing the risk, which cancer would the nurse most likely include as being the most common cancer occurring during pregnancy?

breast

A nurse is conducting an in-service program about different female reproductive tract cancers. The nurse explains that which reproductive cancer is largely attributable to human papillomavirus (HPV)?

cervical

A nurse is caring for a woman who has just been diagnosed with cervical carcinoma in situ. The nurse should prepare the women for which treatment?

cervical conization with follow-up Papanicolaou test and colposcopy

A nurse is caring for a 30-year-old woman who was just diagnosed with cervical cancer. Which psychosocial need would be the priority for the nurse with her client?

clear information on the disease, management, and treatment

A nurse is reviewing the physical exam findings of a woman who has come to the clinic with reports of feeling a dragging sensation in her vagina. The exam reveals the posterior bladder wall protruding into the anterior vaginal wall. The nurse interprets this finding as indicative of which condition?

cystocele

The nursing instructor is teaching the students about pelvic organ prolapse (POP). The nurse understands that teaching has been successful when the students identify which different types of POP? Select all that apply.

cystocele enterocele rectocele uterine prolapse

When assessing a woman, the nurse would suspect cervical cancer because of which findings? Select all that apply.

dysuria malodorous vaginal discharge vaginal bleeding after sexual intercourse

A woman at the infertility clinic for the first time asks, "What could have caused my infertility?" Learning has taken place when the woman can identify which common causes of infertility? *Select all that apply.*

endometriosis blocked fallopian tubes ovarian dysfunction

A woman at the infertility clinic for the first time asks, "What could have caused my infertility?" After teaching the woman about possible causes, the nurse determines that the teaching was successful when the woman identifies which condition as a common cause?

endometriosis pelvic inflammatory disease anovulation

A nurse is preparing a teaching session for a group of menopausal women experiencing urinary incontinence. When describing how incontinence develops, the nurse includes a discussion about maintaining bladder sphincter tone, describing which hormone as playing an important role?

estrogen

A woman comes to the clinic for a routine checkup. After obtaining the client's history, the nurse identifies that the client is at increased risk for cervical cancer based on her history of exposure to which virus?

human papillomavirus

The nurse is providing care to a client with abnormal uterine bleeding. Treatment with medications has been unsuccessful, and surgical intervention is being considered. The nurse identifies which technique as being the last resort?

hysterectomy

The nursing student correctly identifies which procedure as the treatment of choice for endometrial cancer?

hysterectomy and salpingo-oophorectomy

A woman and her partner have been unable to conceive. The female client's chart reveals a history of pelvic inflammatory disease (PID), oral contraceptive usage for 5 years, blood pressure 98/72 mm Hg, pulse 78 beats/min, temperature 99°F (37.2°C), and white blood cell (WBC) count 9,500 mm3 (9.5 x 109/l). Which order will the nurse anticipate for this client?

hysterosalpingography

A nurse is preparing a presentation about cervical cancer for a local woman's group. Which risk factor for the development of cervical cancer would the nurse include?

infection with HPV

A nurse is reading a journal article about female reproductive cancers. Which malignancy would the nurse expect to be described as a "silent killer"?

ovarian cancer

A 58-year-old woman is diagnosed with uterine prolapse. Which nonsurgical treatments are available for this disorder? Select all that apply.

pessaries estrogen replacement therapy kegel exercises

A nurse is counseling with a couple in the fertility clinic. In discussing the plan of care, which aspect should the nurse anticipate as being most stressful for the couple?

planning intercourse around ovulation

A nurse is conducting a presentation for a local women's group about pelvic organ prolapse. When describing the different types, which information would the nurse incorporate into the description of a cystocele?

protrusion of the bladder wall through the anterior vaginal wall

A client presents for a routine checkup at a local health care center. One of the client's distant relatives died of ovarian cancer, and the client wants to know about measures that can reduce the risk of ovarian cancer. The nurse informs the client about which measure to reduce the risk of ovarian cancer?

provide genetic counseling and thorough assessment

A nurse is reading a journal article about care of the woman with pelvic organ prolapse. The nurse would expect to find information related to which disorder? Select all that apply.

rectocele cystocele enterocele

A client is to take clomiphene citrate for infertility. Which outcome should the nurse explain is the expected action of this medication?

stimulate the release of ova

The client presents reporting irregular menstrual cycles, bleeding between periods, mood swings, hot flashes and vaginal tenderness. After an examination, the nurse suspects abnormal uterine bleeding. Which approach would be *inappropriate?*

tell the client she will need to learn to live with the problems

A couple who have been experiencing infertility have been prescribed clomiphene citrate. What information should be included in teaching about the medication therapy? *Select all that apply.*

this medication therapy will promote ovulation in the woman the medication is usually used for no more than 3 cycles at a time

When reviewing the history of a woman diagnosed with endometrial cancer, the nurse would identify which factor as increasing the woman's risk?

use of tamoxifen

A nurse is counseling a woman diagnosed with fibrocystic breast changes about self-care measures. Which instructions would the nurse include when teaching this client? Select all that apply.

wear a supportive bra limit salt intake avoid caffeinated beverages

*A nurse is completing an informed consent on a client preparing for a tubal ligation. Which statement by the client would require the nurse to notify the health care provider?*

*"I will be able to have my third child in about a year from now."*

*A nurse is conducting a class for a local woman's group about recommendations for a Papanicolaou test. One of the participants asks, "At what age should a woman have her first test?" The nurse responds by stating that a woman should have her first Papanicolaou test at which age?*

*21*

*A client is diagnosed with an enterocele. The nurse interprets this condition as:*

*bulging of the small intestine through the posterior vaginal wall.*

*A nurse is teaching a group of young adult women about the different benign breast disorders. When describing fibrocystic breast changes, which characteristics would the nurse include? Select all that apply.*

*clear nipple discharge may or may not be present*

*A nurse prepares a woman with an abnormal Papanicolaou test result for further diagnostic evaluation. Which procedure would the nurse expect to be done?*

*colposcopy*

*A male client being evaluated for subfertility has been instructed to provide a sperm sample for analysis. Which instructions would be most appropriate for the nurse to provide? Select all that apply.*

*deliver it within 1 hr of collection* *you should be abstinent 2-4 days prior* *do not use any lubricants with the sample*

*When teaching a group of postmenopausal women about hot flashes and night sweats, the nurse would address which primary cause?*

*estrogen deficiency*

*A 58-year-old client comes to the clinic for evaluation. After obtaining the client's history, the nurse suspects endometrial cancer. Which information would lead the nurse to this suspicion?*

*onset of painless, bright red postmenopausal bleeding*

A young client desires to know her risk of developing breast carcinoma. She has a positive family history of breast carcinoma. The nurse would suggest that she should undergo which diagnostic test?

BRCA 1 genetic marker

When working in a local community health care center, a nurse is frequently asked about cervical cancer and ways to prevent it. Which information should the nurse provide? Select all that apply.

Encourage cessation of smoking and drinking. Counsel teenagers to avoid early sexual activity. Encourage prevention of sexually transmitted infections (STIs) to reduce risk factors.

The mother of four small children comes to the clinic and has just been diagnosed with an enterocele. What should the nurse teach the client about her diagnosis?

Her small intestine and peritoneum are jutting downward between the uterus and the rectum.

*A nurse is reviewing the history of a woman diagnosed with pelvic organ prolapse. Which factor in the woman's history would the nurse identify as increasing the woman's risk for this condition? Select all that apply.*

Hysterectomy 3 years ago History of four term pregnancies Delivery of first child at age 18 years *obesity, hysterectomy, 10 term pregnancies*

A client in her second trimester of pregnancy asks the nurse for information regarding certain oral medications to induce a miscarriage. What information should this client be given about such medications?

They can be taken only in the first trimester.

The nurse is preparing a teaching session for a client considering tubal ligation. Which factor should the nurse prioritize in this session?

This is a permanent and irreversible procedure for birth control.

A nurse practitioner is performing a clinical breast exam and notes a mass. Which findings would lead the nurse practitioner to suspect that the mass is benign? Select all that apply.

absence of nipple retraction firmness on palpation clearly delineated margins

A nurse will be speaking at a local high school about women's health. The nurse is planning to talk about sexually transmitted infections (STIs) as well as routine checks, along with guidelines for Papanicolaou testing. What should the nurse include in the Papanicolaou test guidelines about when to have a first test?

at the age of 21 or within 3 years of first sexual intercourse

When preparing for a class on breast cancer, the nurse should explain which nonmodifiable risk factors? Select all that apply.

being a 52 yr old female BRCA 1 gene menarche at age 11

The nurse is teaching the community about ovarian cancer and early detection. Which diagnostic test would the nurse recommend for early detection?

bimanual annual pelvic exam

*The nurse determines that a woman has implemented prescribed therapy for her fibrocystic breast disease when the client reports that she has eliminated which from her lifestyle?*

caffeine *(How do you educate? Teach to change their diet)*

A nurse is assisting with the pelvic exam of a woman who has come to the clinic with reports of abnormal vaginal bleeding. The client is diagnosed with an endocervical polyp. The nurse understands that the pelvic exam most likely revealed a polyp appearing as:

cherry red

Edema and enlargement in the ducts and glands of the breast that occur as effects of hormones are called:

fibrocystic breast changes

A client is scheduled for cryosurgery to remove some abnormal tissue on the cervix. The nurse teaches the client about this treatment, explaining that the tissue will be removed by which method?

freezing

A client comes to the clinic for a medical termination of pregnancy. Which potential complications should the nurse point out are possible with this type of procedure? *Select all that apply.*

incomplete abortion prolonged bleeding infection

A nurse is preparing for a small group discussion on pelvic organ prolapse. Which suggestions of lifestyle changes could the nurse include in the discussion? Select all that apply.

increase dietary fiber increase fluid intake

The nurse is preparing to assess a client who is noted to have a history of dysmenorrhea. The nurse predicts the client will report which potential symptom during the examination?

intermittent, sharp suprapubic pain

The nurse is providing care to a client who has had surgery as treatment for breast cancer. The nurse would be alert for the development of which complication?

lymphedema

A client is considering breast augmentation. What would the nurse recommend to the client to ensure that there are no malignancies?

mammogram

During a clinical breast examination, the nurse palpates a well-defined, firm, mobile lump in a 60-year-old woman's left breast. The nurse notifies the primary care provider. What would the nurse anticipate the care provider to prescribe next?

mammogram

A client has an abnormal Papanicolaou test result that is classified as ASC-US. Based on the nurse's understanding of this classification, the nurse would expect which procedure?

repeat Papanicolaou test in 4 to 6 months

A couple comes to the clinic and states to the nurse, "I don't think we are ever going to be able to have children. We have been trying but have had no luck." What assessments does the nurse anticipate will be performed for this couple? *Select all that apply.*

semen analysis ovulation monitoring tubal patency

A client has presented to the clinic reporting "things not feeling right down there." After discussing the situation with her, the nurse has identified which factors that suggest the woman has a high risk for pelvic organ prolapse? Select all that apply.

straining with chronic constipation birth trauma obesity

Which action would the nurse emphasize when teaching postmenopausal women about ways to reduce the risk of osteoporosis?

taking calcium supplements

A nurse is providing follow-up teaching to a client regarding the medically induced termination of her pregnancy. Which assessment finding should the nurse tell the client to report to the health care provider? *Select all that apply.*

vaginal bleeding of more than 2 pads per hour severe depression or sadness severe abdominal pain

The nurse is caring for a 52-year-old woman whose sisters and mother died of breast cancer. The client states, "My doctor wants me to take tamoxifen to help prevent breast cancer. What do you think?" What would be the nurse's best response?

"Tamoxifen reduces the incidence."

*The nurse is developing the discharge plan for a woman who has had a left-sided radical mastectomy. The nurse is including instructions for ways to minimize lymphedema. Which statement by the client indicates the need for additional instruction?*

"i should wear clothing with elasticized sleeves" (take BP on opposite side of procedure)

*A nurse is working as part of a group of health care providers implementing a community health initiative for primary prevention of cervical cancer. The nurse would focus educational efforts on which areas? Select all that apply.*

*immunization with the human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccine* *steps to prevent sexually transmitted infections (STIs)* *consistent use of barrier contraceptives*

Which definition best explains the term "subfertility/infertility"?

failure to achieve pregnancy after 1 year of unprotected intercourse

A client is seen in the clinic with symptoms of "dragging" and feeling like something is "coming down." During her assessment, the nurse should look at which risk factors for a prolapse? Select all that apply.

increased body mass index vaginal birth advanced age

*A nurse is providing teaching about lifestyle modifications to address a client's pelvic organ prolapse. The nurse understand that the majority of these changes focus on:*

*reducing intra abdominal pressure*

A nurse is conducting an in-service program for a group of staff nurses working at the women's health center. After teaching the group about genital fistulas, the nurse determines that the teaching was successful when the group identifies which as a major cause of genital fistulas?

female genital cutting

*A client 6 weeks postpartum is preparing to receive a depot medroxyprogesterone acetate (Depo-Provera) injection. Which statement by the client indicates that further teaching is necessary?*

*"I need to be patient as it will take a while before I can get pregnant."*

*A nurse is caring for a client for whom estrogen replacement therapy has been recommended for pelvic organ prolapse. Which nursing intervention is the most appropriate for the nurse to implement before the start of the therapy?*

*Evaluate the client to validate her risk for complications.*

*A female client is diagnosed with carcinoma in situ of the endometrium. The nurse interprets this as which definition?*

*the malignancy is localized*

A client is receiving chemotherapy as part of her treatment plan for breast cancer. The nurse assesses the client and determines that the client may be experiencing myelosuppression based on which finding?

fever

A middle-aged woman comes to the women's health clinic for a routine check-up. During the visit, the woman asks the nurse, "I've had a dear friend who was just diagnosed with ovarian cancer. Is there any way to screen for this disease?" Which response by the nurse would be most accurate?

"Unfortunately, there is not any specific test that can be used to screen for this type of cancer."

*A couple is considering vasectomy as a contraception option. However, the husband is nervous about how such a procedure would affect his sexual functioning. Which information should the nurse mention to the man?*

*The man will still have full erection capacity.*

*A client was in labor for more than 36 hours and now reports urine leaking from her vagina. On examination the nurse would be inspecting for:*

*urethrovaginal fistula*

An experienced nurse has just read that women have a one-in-three lifetime risk of developing cancer and becomes concerned that she has provided enough education. What should this nurse do to help prevent deaths from cancer? Select all that apply.

focus on screening provide education to all women tell women about early symptoms

A couple comes to the clinic for a fertility evaluation. The male partner is to undergo a semen analysis. After teaching the partner about this test, which client statement indicates that the client has understood the instructions?

"I have to abstain from sexual activity for about 2 to 5 days before the sample."

After assessing a woman who has come to the clinic, the nurse suspects that the woman is experiencing abnormal uterine bleeding. Which statement by the client would support the nurse's suspicions?

"I've been having bleeding off and on that's irregular and sometimes heavy."

A client is seen in the clinic requesting an emergency postcoital contraception pill levonorgestrel (Plan B). The client states that she had unprotected sex 3 ½ days ago. What is the most appropriate response by the nurse?

"Unfortunately you are past the time frame to take that prescription."

Which statement would be most appropriate when explaining endometriosis as a cause of a woman's infertility?

"Ovulation does take place; however, the misplaced endometrial tissue interferes with transport of the ovum."

The nurse has provided information to a client about oral contraceptive pills (OCPs). Which statement by the client would indicate a need for *further* education?

"Some oral contraceptive pills protect against STIs."

A nurse is teaching a client how to perform Kegel exercises. Which directives would the nurse include? Select all that apply.

"Squeeze your rectal muscles as if you are trying to avoid passing flatus." "Contract and relax your pubococcygeal muscles rapidly 10 times."

The nurse is assessing a male client who is concerned about his ability to produce enough sperm to have a child. He tells the nurse, "I have had some issues in my younger years." What questions would be important for the nurse to ask this client? *Select all that apply.*

"are you exposed to x rays or other radioactive substances?" "do you use drugs or use alcohol excessively?" "have you ever had any type of trauma or surgery on or near your testicles?"

A client who has had a mastectomy is to undergo breast reconstruction with augmentation. After teaching the client about the procedure, the nurse determines that the teaching was successful based on which client statement?

"i'll use the same technique for breast self exam as before"

*At what age should a woman with no risk factors begin mammography screening for breast cancer?*

*40*

*Which breast disorder is not benign?*

*Paget disease*

*A young couple is having difficulty getting pregnant. The nurse is preparing the couple for the initial tests to determine their fertility. When asked by the couple why they need to start with a sperm analysis, what will be the nurse's best response?*

*Sperm analysis is one of the easiest tests to complete.*

*A perimenopausal woman reports experiencing increasing discomforts with intercourse and problems with lubrication. What information should the nurse include in the information provided to the client? Select all that apply.*

*Water-soluble lubricants can be used to reduce the dryness.* *Falling estrogen levels cause these vaginal changes and associated dryness.*

*In which client would the nurse suspect cancer?*

*a 45-year-old with thickening in one breast with nipple irritation and retraction and a pink discharge*

*The nurse has assessed several clients who have arrived for routine appointments. The nurse predicts the health care provider will prioritize a bone density scan for which client?*

*a 55-year-old white client who smokes and has family history of osteoporosis*

*A client states that she is to have a test to measure bone mass to help diagnose osteoporosis. The nurse would most likely plan to prepare the client for:*

*a DEXA scan*

*A woman has been treated for a tumor of the left breast that has not responded to chemotherapy. The woman has just found out that she has the BRCA mutations and discusses her options with her primary care provider. Which treatment would be most difficult for this woman?*

*bilateral mastectomy*

*A nurse is presenting a class about benign female reproductive conditions to a group of women at the local community center. When describing genital fistulas, which condition(s) cause the majority of these fistulas? Select all that apply.*

*female genital cutting* *trauma during labor and birth*

*A couple in their mid-30s are at their primary care provider's office because they have been unable to conceive for 3 years. They already have one child who is 4 years of age. The care provider explains to them that they are dealing with what kind of infertility?*

*secondary infertility*

*A nurse is assessing a 26-year-old married female client for use of oral contraceptive pills (OCPs). Which findings in her health history would suggest that natural family planning may be a better option? Select all that apply.*

*smokes 1 pack per day* *blood pressure 138/88 mm Hg* *migraine headaches*

*A client with advanced breast cancer who has had both chemotherapy and radiation therapy is to start endocrine therapy. Which agent would the nurse expect the client to receive?*

*tamoxifen*

*A client with advanced breast cancer, who has had both chemotherapy and radiation therapy, is to start hormonal therapy using a selective estrogen receptor modulator (SERM). Which agent would the nurse expect the client to receive?*

*tamoxifen*

A woman who has undergone a right-sided modified-radical mastectomy returns from surgery. Which nursing intervention would be most appropriate for the nurse to include in the client's plan of care at this time?

Encourage her to turn, cough, and deep breathe at frequent intervals.

A client diagnosed with breast cancer is receiving chemotherapy. The nurse assesses the client for possible side effects of this therapy. Which side effect would the nurse report immediately to the health care provider?

bone marrow suppression

The nurse is assessing a 52-year-old perimenopausal female who is concerned about the changes occurring in her body. When questioned about the most serious changes, which effect should the nurse point out?

bone mineral density decreases

A nurse is working with a community group to foster early detection of breast cancer. Which components would the group address? Select all that apply.

breast self examination clinical breast examination mammography

After discussing various methods of contraception with a client and her partner, the nurse determines that the teaching was successful when they identify which contraceptive method as providing protection against sexually transmitted infections (STIs)?

condoms

A client with breast cancer is receiving tamoxifen. After teaching the client about this drug, the nurse determines that the teaching was successful when the client identifies that she is at increased risk for which conditions? Select all that apply.

deep vein thrombosis cataract hot flashes

The nurse discusses various contraceptive methods with a client and her partner. Which method would the nurse explain as being available only by prescription?

diaphragm

A breast biopsy indicates the presence of malignant cells, and the client is scheduled for a mastectomy. Which nursing diagnosis would the nurse most likely include in the client's preoperative plan of care as the priority?

disturbed body image

A nurse is reviewing the history and physical examination of a client diagnosed with secondary dysmenorrhea for possible associated causes. Which etiology would the nurse need to keep in mind as being the most common?

endometriosis

A nurse is providing postoperative care to a client who has had surgery to remove a malignant tumor from her breast. The nurse encourages the client to cough and deep breathe based on the understanding that this activity accomplishes which actions? Select all that apply.

expands collapsed alveoli promotes faster clearance of inhaled anesthetics prevents postoperative atelectasis

A nurse is assigned to educate a group of women on cancer awareness. Which risk factors for breast cancer are modifiable? Select all that apply.

failing to breastfeed for up to a year after pregnancy postmenopausal use of estrogen and progestins not having children until after age 30

The nursing instructor is teaching about urinary incontinence and informs the students that dysfunction of either the bladder, the urethra, or the levator muscle can cause incontinence. She also lists which contributing factors for incontinence? Select all that apply.

fluids such as alcohol and caffeinated and carbonated drinks constipation habitual "preventive" emptying advancing age pregnancy and birth obesity

A woman's breast examination reveals a small mass. Which characteristics would lead the nurse to suspect that the mass is malignant? Select all that apply.

hard on palpation skin dimpling painless

A nurse is reviewing the history and physical examination of a 30-year-old female client. Which findings would lead the nurse to suspect polycystic ovary syndrome? Select all that apply.

history of sleep apnea irregular menstrual cycles hair growth on face, neck, back

A 52-year-old client is seeking treatment for menopause. She is not very active and has a history of cardiac problems. Which therapy option should the nurse recognize as contraindicated for this client?

long term hormone replacement therapy

A client has presented to the clinic reporting various symptoms indicating she may have fibroids in her uterus. Which client symptoms would the nurse expect? Select all that apply.

low back pain dysparenunia menorrhagia bloating

A woman with breast cancer is undergoing chemotherapy. Which side effect would the nurse interpret as being most serious?

myelosuppression

The surgeon is recommending surgery to remove the fibroids from a client's uterus; however, the client and her husband still desire children. The nurse would most likely provide information on which procedure that will help the client preserve her fertility?

myomectomy

A male client visits a fertility clinic after one year of attempting unsuccessfully to impregnate his wife. What is a risk factor associated with male infertility?

no or few sperm cells produced

Which are modifiable risk factors for breast cancer? Select all that apply.

obesity smoking alcohol consumption duration of breastfeeding sedentary lifestyles

The nurse is meeting with a 36-year-old client who wishes to begin using contraceptives. The client reports being in a long-term, monogamous relationship, runs 2 miles per day, and smokes a pack of cigarettes each day. Which method will the nurse be least likely to suggest to the client?

oral contraceptive pills (OCPs)

The nurse was teaching a college student how to properly take the prescribed oral contraceptive pills (OCPs). The nurse determines the session is successful when the client correctly chooses which instruction to follow when taking the OCP?

same time of day, each day

The nursing student exhibits an understanding of pelvic organ prolapse (POP) when she correctly identifies which factors as contributing to its development? Select all that apply.

vaginal birth obesity lifting chronic cough estrogen deficiency

A postmenopausal woman with uterine prolapse is being fitted with a pessary. The nurse would be most alert for which side effect?

vaginal ulceration

A male client asks the nurse to explain which structure is cut during a vasectomy. What response should the nurse give the client?

vas deferens

As part of a presentation on breast cancer being given to a local woman's group, the nurse describes the need for early detection through screening. Applying the guidelines from the American Cancer Society, the nurse would emphasize which recommendation?

yearly mammograms for women starting at age 40