ocean unit 9 test

Which of the following are true of western boundary currents? Choose all that apply. fast, as compared to eastern boundary currents wide, as compared to eastern boundary currents weak, as compared to eastern boundary currents deep, as compared to eastern boundary currents they flow along the more gradual slope of the hill of water

-deep, as compared to eastern boundary currents -fast, as compared to eastern boundary currents

Which of the following are true of eastern boundary currents? Choose all that apply. deep, as compared to western boundary currents fast, as compared to western boundary currents weak, as compared to western boundary currents wide, as compared to western boundary currents they flow along the more gradual slope of the hill of water

-wide, as compared to western boundary currents -weak, as compared to western boundary currents -they flow along the more gradual slope of the hill of water

Each subtropical gyre is composed of how many main currents that flow into one another? 1 2 3 4 5

4

How many subtropical gyres are there? 1 2 3 4 5

5

What percentage of an icebergs mass is below the waterline? 90% 60% 70% 80% 50%

90%

Which of the following methods are used to measure ocean surface currents directly? Doppler flow meters Anchored buoys Accidental spills from container ships Pressure gradients Radar altimeters

Accidental spills from container ships

Which of the following is the only current that completely circumscribes Earth? South Australian Malvinas South Equatorial Antarctic Circumpolar Benguela

Antarctic circumpolar

The world's two main iceberg-producing regions are ________. Iceland and Greenland Greenland and Antarctica North America and Asia Greenland and Asia Iceland and North America

Greenland and Antarctica

Identify the mismatched pair from the choices below. Kuroshio Current, California Current Brazil Current, Benguela Current Agulhas Current, West Australia Current Labrador Current, Humboldt Current Canary Current, Gulf Stream

Labrador Current, Humboldt Current

Which of the following statements is/are true regarding subtropical convergence? choose all that apply Subtropical convergence produces a hill of piled up water in the center of each gyre in the northern hemisphere that is deflected towards the west. Subtropical convergence causes a bulge of surface water that can be as high as 2 meters. Subtropical convergence is caused by the clockwise rotation of each gyre in the northern hemisphere. Subtropical convergence is caused by the clockwise rotation of each gyre in the southern hemisphere. Subtropical convergence produces a hill of piled up water in the center of each gyre in the southern hemisphere that is deflected towards the east.

Subtropical convergence produces a hill of piled up water in the center of each gyre in the northern hemisphere that is deflected towards the west. Subtropical convergence causes a bulge of surface water that can be as high as 2 meters. Subtropical convergence is caused by the clockwise rotation of each gyre in the northern hemisphere.

Of the following statements about subtropical gyres, which is/are true? choose all that apply The rotation of each subtropical gyre causes a "hill" of water to pile up within it. The centers of all subtropical gyres are associated with high atmospheric pressure. There are four main surface currents in each subtropical gyre. Globally, there are five subtropical gyres. The western boundary current of all subtropical gyres is intensified (it is fast, narrow, and deep). All subtropical gyres flow in a clockwise direction.

The rotation of each subtropical gyre causes a "hill" of water to pile up within it. The centers of all subtropical gyres are associated with high atmospheric pressure. There are four main surface currents in each subtropical gyre. Globally, there are five subtropical gyres. The western boundary current of all subtropical gyres is intensified (it is fast, narrow, and deep)

Which of the following is considered a cold current? WW NP SE EC NE

WW

During a strong El Niño event, the news media might be expected to cover __________. flooding in Indonesia and Australia abnormally high sea level, leading to coastal flooding in western Pacific countries drought on the western coast of South America low market prices for soybeans in the U.S. Midwest a tropical cyclone in Hawaii or Tahiti

a tropical cyclone in Hawaii or Tahiti

Which of the following is a western boundary current? Benguela Current California Current Canary Current Peru Current Brazil Current

brazil current

Compared to western boundary currents, eastern boundary currents are: shallow and swift. broad and deep. deep and swift. narrow and deep. broad and slow.

broad and slow

Downwelling can result from __________. Ekman transport away from a coast an ocean current flowing over submerged banks or seamounts diverging surface currents strong offshore winds converging surface currents

converging surface currents

An increase in seawater density can be caused by a ________ in temperature or a(n) ________ in salinity. decrease; increase increase; decrease increase; increase decrease; decrease

decrease; increase

Deep ocean currents are driven primarily by ________ bathymetry latitude Earth's rotation density differences wind

density differences

The Benguela Current is an example of which of the following types of currents? Eastern Boundary Current Equatorial Counter Current Northern Boundary Current Southern Boundary Current Western Boundary Current

eastern boundary current

During winter months, monsoon winds over the Indian Ocean ________. flow from sea to land and are dry flow from sea to land and are wet flow from land to sea and are dry flow from land to sea and are wet The direction of airflow is unchanged but precipitation increases.

flow from land to sea and are dry

Which of the following methods are used to measure deep ocean currents directly? Accidental spills from container ships Propeller flow meters Radio-transmitting float bottles Radar altimeters Free-drifting Argo floats

free drifting argo floats

Actual geostrophic flow is created by which of the following? Choose all that apply. Coriolis effect friction differences in surface ocean salinity differences in surface ocean temperature gravity

gravity Coriolis effect friction

Which of the following is not an eastern boundary current? Gulf Stream California Current Peru Current W. Australian Current Canary Current

gulf stream

When sea ice forms what shape are the crystals? Heptagon Pentagon Octagon Decagon Hexagon

hexagon

Which of the following currents is responsible for Peru becoming the largest producer of fish, from the sea, in the world? Somali Current Humboldt Current Canary Current Brazil Current Falkland Current

humboldt current

Which of the following is a direct method for measuring surface currents? Radio altimeters Propeller flow meter Pressure gradients Dynamic topography maps

propeller flow meter

Which of the following methods are used to measure ocean surface currents indirectly? Radar altimeters Radio-transmitting float bottles Free-drifting Argo floats Accidental spills from container ship Propeller flow meters

radar altimeters

Which type of ice found in the marine environment does not form from freezing seawater? Pancake ice Ice floes Shelf ice Rafted ice Ice ribbons

shelf ice

Records indicate that the ocean is warming faster in the Arctic polar regions than elsewhere. If that continues, a possible consequence could be __________. increased albedo in the polar areas, resulting in the cooling of nearby landmasses decreased humidity and precipitation in the Arctic region, resulting in aridity and the loss of boreal forests acceleration of deep-ocean circulation, resulting in lower carbon dioxide levels in deep water an increase in upwelling in the Arctic, resulting in increased surface biological productivity slowing of deep-ocean circulation, resulting in lower oxygen levels in deep water

slowing of deep-ocean circulation, resulting in lower oxygen levels in deep water

The deepest and densest water mass in the world ocean is formed in the __________________. Arctic Ocean North Atlantic Southern Ocean North Pacific Indian Ocean

southern ocean

Which one of these areas would be the best option for current-generated energy? the Western Australian Current off the coast of Australia the California Current on the U.S. West Coast the Greenland Current along the coast of Greenland the Gulf Stream near Florida the Canary Current near the African coast

the Gulf Stream near Florida

In comparison to wind energy, ocean currents can generate more clean, renewable energy because __________. devices that harness subsurface current energy are not exposed to weather like wind farms currents are more consistent than winds water currents move more slowly than air currents water turbines experience less fouling than wind turbines the density of water is greater than that of air

the density of water is greater than that of air

What causes western intensification? the clockwise rotation of earth Ekman transport Upwelling the rotation of Earth from west to east the rotation of Earth from east to west

the rotation of earth from west to east

The Ekman spiral is caused by: the wind and the Coriolis effect. pressure gradients. density differences in the water column. the pycnocline. the wind and gravity.

the wind and the Coriolis effect

Deep-ocean current movement is also known as __________. Ekman transport the Antarctic Divergence Walker circulation thermohaline flow equatorial downwelling

thermohaline flow

Equatorial currents are driven by the: Coriolis force. westerlies. trade winds. density. Ekman transport.

trade winds

Diverging surface waters are areas of ________ and ________ productivity. downwelling; high upwelling; low upwelling; high downwelling; low

upwelling; high

The Agulhas Current is an example of which of the following types of currents? Eastern Boundary Current Equatorial Counter Current Northern Boundary Current Southern Boundary Current Western Boundary Current

western boundary current

The Kuroshio (Japan) Current is an example of which of the following types of currents? Eastern Boundary Current Equatorial Counter Current Northern Boundary Current Southern Boundary Current Western Boundary Current

western boundary current

Which subtropical boundary current is faster, narrower and deeper than its counterparts? Eastern Boundary Current Equatorial Current Northern Boundary Current Southern Boundary Current Western Boundary Current

western boundary current

Warm core rings and cold core rings are associated with __________. contour currents tropical cyclones equatorial countercurrents astern boundary currents western boundary currents

western boundary currents

Surface ocean currents are driven primarily by ________ and modified by ________. density differences; differences in salinity and temperature density differences; the Coriolis effect and land wind; the Coriolis effect and land wind; gravity and density latitude; differences in salinity and land

wind; the Coriolis effect and land