Omega 3 Fatty Acids

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where do omega-3s come from?

marine sources (fish consume algae that synthesize these fats), plant sources

saturation of carbon chain affects...

melting point

role of omega-3s in brain

membrane enhancing capabilities, fortification of myelin sheaths of neurons, promotes neural growth

polyunsaturated fat

more than one double bond

functional outcomes influenced by fats

neurobehavioral development, immune function, growth, mental health, long-term metabolic health

saturated fat

no double bonds in the carbon chain

methyll end

omega end

two major types of essential fatty acids:

omega-3 and omega-6

monounsaturated fat

one double bond

unsaturated fats

one or more double bonds in the carbon chain

what is the most popular form of omega-3

salmon

essential fatty acids

the ones that humans cannot synthesize

omega refers to

the position of the first double bond from the head

women's own diet affects

the quality of her breastmilk and neurodevelopment of infants

Are Omega-3s unsaturated or saturated

they are saturated fatty acids

effects of omega-3 supplementing on arteries

things arterial walls

supplements

do not provide the associated benefits of the actual food

Primary plant source of omega-3

flax seed, rapeseed

what is the best source of ALA

flaxseed oil

what is the ratio of omega-6 fats to omega-3 acids in the typical U.S. diet

10:1

Structure of triglycerides

a glycerol backbone and 3 fatty acids

Fats

a subgroup of lipids called triglycerides

Biological function of fats

building blocks of lipids, function in energy and fueling, membrane structure and function, and are involved in signalling systems within and between cells

macronutrients

carb, fat, and protein

Americans have a huge reliance upon

corn oil

EPA

functional fats

individuals with depression

have lower omega-3 levels

effects of EPA on cholesterol

helps to lower it

cis fatty acid

hydrogen atoms are all on the same side of the double bond; most common form

trans fatty acid

hydrogen atoms are on opposite sides of the double bond; found in processed foods; very unhealthy

high triglyceride

hypertricglyceridaemia

Structure of fatty acids

includes a carbon chain that is 4-24 carbons long; one end of the chain is soluble in water

DHA

structural fats

Primary time for accumulating DHA in brain

the 3rd trimester

fats are defined by

the location of the first double bond (omega-3 vs. omega-6)

triglycerides

the main storage form of fat in animal tissues and the main type of fat in foods; important source of fuel; produce large amounts of ATP

the longer the carbon chain...

the more beneficial it is


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