Online Assessment

Compared to the number of cortical lobes of the brain, the number of ventricles of the brain is:

1

As parasympathetic activity increases in a cranial nerve innervating the eye, pupil diameter will:

2

Compared to conduction velocity in a myelinated neuron, conduction velocity in a small unmyelinated neuron is:

2

Compared to the number of brain cells at birth, the number of brain cells as you age will:

2

Compared to the number of synapses in the withdrawal reflex, the number of synapses in the knee-jerk reflex is:

2

Compared to the number of cranial nerves, the number of spinal nerves is:

3

Compared to the number of sensory cranial nerves, the number of motor cranial nerves is:

3

Arrange the following from the MOST SUPERFICIAL to the DEEPEST. 1. Pia mater 2. Subarachnoid space 3. Dura mater 4. Arachnoid mater

3, 4, 2, 1

The enzyme responsible for terminating the effects of the neurotransmitter released by somatic motor neurons is:

Acetylcholinesterase

Which of the following is a function of nervous tissue?

Allow charged ions to create electrical events that travel along the entire neuron

Which of the following is NOT found in the brainstem?

Arbor vitae

Smell

I. Olfactory nerves

Vision

II. Optic nerves

Parasympathetic constricts pupil

III. Occulomotor nerves

Motor to superior oblique

IV. Trochlear nerves

Parasympathetic to salivary glands

IX. Glossopharyngeal nerves

Cerebrospinal fluid

Is produced by the choroid plexus

Inferior colliculi are located in the:

Midbrain and are involved in the startle response

The medulla oblongata

None of the above

Which of the following are NOT part of the peripheral nervous system?

Nuclei

Which of the following cranial nerves does NOT control any of the extraocular muscles?

Optic nerves

Suppose a drug had the effect of inducing sleep. Which of the following brain areas would the drug most likely affect?

Reticular formation

The repolarization phase of a nerve impulse or action potential is caused by a

Rush of K+ out of the neuron

Chewing

V. Trigeminal nerves

Motor to lateral rectus

VI. Abducens nerves

Bell's or Facial Palsy

VII. Facial nerves

Balance and hearing

VIII. Auditory/Vestibular nerves

Innervates the heart

X. Vagus Nerves

Trapezius (upper back)

XI. Accessory nerves

Intrinsic tongue muscles

XII. Hypoglossal nerves

primary motor cortex

controls voluntary skeletal muscle movements

All cranial nerves originate from the brainstem.

false

Bumps or folds on the brain are referred to as sulci.

false

Narcolepsy occurs frequently in students taking classes at PSU, especially in Anatomy and physiology and is directly related to the topic and time the class is offered.

false

The brain typically contains between 1and 2 billion cells and weighs 10 pounds.

false

The cerebrum consists of an outer cortex that is several millimeters thick and consists of white matter.

false

The diencephalon contains the 4th ventricle.

false

The frontal lobe of the brain is important in the control voluntary motor function, aggression, mood, and olfactory reception.

false

The knee-jerk reflex causes the hamstring group to contract.

false

The pons is superior to the midbrain and inferior to the medulla oblongata.

false

The somatic nervous system is always excitatory while the autonomic nervous system is always inhibitory

false

The substantia nigra is located in the pons.

false

The withdrawal reflex causes the quadriceps femoris group to contract.

false

They reflex arc contains 5 basic components including: sensory receptor, sensory neuron, interneurons, motor neuron, and a receptor modulator.

false

An action potential occurs

if the membrane potential reaches a threshold value.

Broca's area

initiates the muscle movements for speech

visual cortex

interprets basic visual information such as shape and color

primary auditory area

interprets basics of sound such as pitch and volume

auditory association area

interprets meaning of sound by placing it in context with past experiences

somatosensory association area

interprets sensory info & puts it in context with past experiences

gustatory area

interprets taste senses

Wernicke's area

involved with comprehension of speech

The knee-jerk reflex is

monosynaptic and can be used to determine if the higher CNS centers that normally influence this reflex are functional

primary somatosensory area

receives and localizes general sensations from entire body

visual association area

recognizes meaning of visual info by putting it in context with past experiences

prefrontal area

site of motivation and foresight; regulates mood and emotion

In a resting neuron

the sodium-potassium pumps help maintain the low concentration of Na+ inside the cell

Acetylcholine is a neurotransmitter used at some point in both autonomic and somatic reflexes

true

Compared to a cervical spinal nerve, a greater portion of a sacral spinal nerve will be found within the vertebral column.

true

Crainial nerve X is mixed.

true

Parkinson's disease is associated with loss of dopaminergic neurons.

true

The 2 thickest portions of the spinal cord are the lumbar or lumbosacral and cervical enlargements.

true

The 3rd ventricle is connected to the 4th ventricle by the cerebral aqueduct or Aqueduct of Sylvius.

true

The medulla oblongata contains discret nuclei specific for regulation of heart rate, blood vessel diameter, and breathing.

true

premotor area

works out/organizes sequences of signals needed for complex motion