Organelles

microfilament

involved in muscle contraction in larger organisms

chloroplasts

location where photosynthesis occurs

nucleolus

location where ribosomes are formed

cilia and flagella

locomotive structures made of microtubules

cell wall

made mostly of cellulose; this encases or surrounds plant cells and gives them their characteristic shapes

microtubules

make up flagella, cilia, and centrioles

SER

membranous structure that synthesizes fats (lipids); commonly found in liver

RER

membranous structure that synthesizes protein

centrioles

only found in animal cells; form spindle fibers during cell division

mitochondria

powerhouse of the cell; site of ATP (adenosine triphosophate) production

Golgi Body

processes, packages, and stores the fats and proteins produced by the ER

cell membrane

semipermeable barrier made of two layers of phosopholids

ribosomes

site of protein synthesis; found in cytoplasm and on rough ER

chloroplasts

sites for photosynthesis; found only in plant cells; contain chlorophyll

vacuoles

storage sacs; plant cells have a single large one; animal cells have many smaller ones

plastids

structures found only in plant cells; chloroplasts are one type

microtubules

support the shape of the entire cell

chromatin

uncoiled DNA; coils into chromosomes during cell division

cytoplasm

watery substance that fills the interior of cells and suspends organelles

RER

external surface is studded with ribosomes

vacuoles

form from a piece of membrane breaking lose from cell membrane; store substances

RER

acts as a transport system for newly formed proteins

cell membrane

also called the plasma membrane

lysosomes

bags of enzymes used to digest particles and bacteria; "garbage men" of the cell; they work in conjunction with vacuoles

nucleus

control center of the cell; contains nucleolus and DNA