Organizational Behavior #3

Which of the following statements regarding the positive and negative consequences of power is INCORRECT?

Individuals are often quick to question the actions of those in power.

Research indicates which of the following findings regarding negotiations is correct?

Individuals who were unable to negotiate a deal in previous negotiation situations tended to have lower outcomes in subsequent negotiations than those who had initially negotiated deals in the past.

Avoiding

People exhibiting this style seek to avoid conflict altogether by denying that it is there. They are prone to postponing any decisions in which a conflict may arise.

All of the following statements regarding reasons employees resist change are correct EXCEPT

People with a negative self-concept view change as an opportunity

________ leaders lead employees by aligning employee goals with the leader's goals.

Transformational

Almost all managers surveyed suggest workplace politics exist in their organizations and that to be successful individuals must engage in politics

True

Research suggests all of the following are outcomes of impression management EXCEPT impression management

is less influential in unstructured interviews than structured interviews.

Ensuring that change becomes permanent and the new procedures become the norm is what stage of Lewin's model of planned change?

refreeze

All of the statements regarding workplace demographics and their impact on change are correct EXCEPT an older workforce

will likely cause flexible work hours and job sharing to diminish as older people like the structure of set hours of work.

If you dislike working with a person and do not care for them on a personal level either,

you would have a low least preferred coworker score.

Compromise

A middle-ground style in which individuals have some desire to express their own concerns and get their way but still respect the other person's goals

Which of the following statement is true?

A need for power can have an altruistic form.

Conflict

A process that involves people disagreeing

When leaders make decisions alone without involving employees in the decision making process, they are using

Authoritarian decision making

Which of then following statements regarding antecedents of political behavior is INCORRECT?

Authoritarian decision making leads to more political behavior in the organization.

Which of the following statements is true about the manner in which managers can influence the perceptions of expectancy theory?

Conduct employee surveys periodically to ascertain what they consider to be rewards for performance and integrate that in some manner into the performance evaluation program.

Interpersonal conflict

Conflict among individuals

Intergroup conflict

Conflict that takes place among different groups.

Which of the following statements regarding the second stage of planned change is INCORRECT?

Create big wins because people need to see that things are happening

Which of the following statements regarding the final stage of planned change is INCORRECT?

Declare victory early in making the change and get into a routine

Which of the following statements regarding overcoming resistance to your proposals is INCORRECT?

Does not listen to naysayers

Which of the following is a need based theory of motivation

ERG theory

In comparing Maslow's hierarchy of needs theory to Alderfer's ERG theory

ERG theory recognizes more than one need may operate at one time

All of the following statements regarding organizational politics are correct EXCEPT

Effective politics is all about winning at all costs.

Research on employee perception of organizational politics finds all of the following if employees think that their organization is overly driven by politics, EXCEPT

Employees have lower job satisfaction, but are no less committed to the organization.

In demographic decision making

Employees participate in the making of the decision

Research on performance incentives suggest all of the following EXCEPT

Employees report lower levels of pay satisfaction under pay-for-performance systems.

People do not welcome change whether it is favorable or not to them

False

Resistance to change is never a positive force for an organization.

False

Research on Fiedler's Contingency Theory indicates which of the following?

Fiedler's theory is important because it recognizes the importance of the leadership context

Which of the following statements regarding House's path-goal theory of leadership is INCORRECT?

House's path-goal theory of motivation is based upon the equity theory of motivation

Accommodating

In this style, the person gies in to what the other side wants, even if it means giving up one's personal goals..

Which of the following statements regarding factors of change in the organizations is INCORRECT?

Manufacturing jobs have been outsourced, but knowledge-based jobs are largely safe from such movement

Which of the following statements regarding intelligence is INCORRECT?

One's intelligence is the strongest predictor of leadership performance

Which of the following statements regarding change is INCORRECT?

Organizational change takes only a few forms

All of the following are actions those who perceive inequity can undertake to "balance the scales" EXCEPT

Produce higher quality work

In which of the following scenarios are you most likely to experience conflict?

The firm just instituted a matrix structure

The relationship between dependency and power suggests

The more difficult it is find a substitute, the less power held by the person with the substitute

Collaboration

The objective is to find a win-win solution to the problem in which both parties get what they want.

Which of the following statements regarding the Milgram experiment on conformity to authority is correct?

The researcher/experimenter's role was very important in obtaining group compliance with the experiment procedures/guidelines.

The earliest approach to the study of leadership was

The trait approach

Research on equity theory suggests

Those who feel over-rewarded experience little distress over the situation.

Research on transformational and transactional leadership shows all of the following EXCEPT

Transactional leaders increase the intrinsic motivation of their followers

Culture and reputation costs are intangible costs associated with any form of control

True

Organizational change can be either radical or incremental

True

Surveys indicate that resistance to change is one of the top two reasons why change efforts within organizations fail

True

Those employees who feel they can perform well under a new system will be more committed to change

True

All of the following statements regarding resistance to change are correct EXCEPT

When people react negatively to change, they experience negative emotions, but are no more likely to leave the firm than they would be in a firm that was not undergoing organizational change.

Which of the following statements regarding impression management is INCORRECT?

While it is possible to manage others' impressions of you, it is not important because in the end you are who you are

All of the following would freeze a conversation EXCEPT

You are very skilled at that.

External communication about a client's product or service created for specific receivers is

a press release

Conflict is

a process that involves people disagreeing

Intrapersonal conflict is

a type of conflict that arises when a person is uncertain about what is expected or wanted or has a sense of being inadequate to the task.

The most negative reaction to a proposed change attempt is

active resistance

Research has found all of the Big 5 personality traits to be related to leader emergence and leader effectiveness EXCEPT

agreeableness

Downward influence is best achieved through

an inspiring vision

An example of a crucial conversation is

asking for a raise

Alderfer's theory of motivation does all of the following EXCEPT

assume needs are hierarchically-based

Maslow's social needs could be satisfied by

attending a department picnic after work

The trait approach to leadership examines all of the following factors EXCEPT

behaviors.

Openness is

being curious, original, intellectual, creative and receptive to new ideas.

When well-designed, organizational controls can provide benefits such as

better ability to manage uncertainty and complexity

All of the following would be effective means of stimulating conflict EXCEPT

building clarity into the situation

Listening

can be demonstrated to the sender by nonverbal signals like the nod of a head

The ability to attract others, win their admiration, and hold them spellbound is

charisma

When a target agrees to a request and actively supports it, the target's response is

commitment

People's tendencies to behave consistently with social norms is

conformity

To influence instrumentality, managers can

consistently reward high performers

When reinforcers follow all examples of positive behavior you are using a ________________ _____________ of reinforcement

continuous schedule

Communication fulfills all of the following organizational functions EXCEPT

control

The ability to influence those in positions lower than yours is

downward influence

Maslow's theory of motivation suggests

employee needs are ordered.

Alderfer's growth needs correspond to Maslow's

esteem needs

Access to specific knowledge skills is ______________power

expert

The Big 5 personality trait _________ has the strongest relationship to both leader emergence and leader effectiveness

extraversion

Research findings of leader behaviors suggest

extremely high levels of leader task-oriented behaviors may lead to burnout in employees

If leader-subordinate relations are good, position power is high and task is structured, the situation would be categorized as

favorable

Maslow's physiological needs may be satisfied by:

food

Research shows that when confronted with a conflict situation, subordinates are most likely to use all of the following conflict handling styles EXCEPT

forcing

Research shows that when managers are dealing with conflict they prefer which conflict handling style?

forcing

The simple premise of Maslow's hierarchy of needs theory is

human beings have needs that are hierarchically ranked.

Attempting to get others to do what we want is

influence

Effective managers tend o use more

information-rich channels

Using different forms of making others feel good about themselves is the influence tactic of

ingratiation

Task-oriented behaviors are also called

initiating structure

All of the following are examples of the Big 5 Personality traits EXCEPT

intelligence

Coercive power

is the ability to take something away or punish someone for noncompliance

Research on procedural justice suggests

it is best to be consistent in the manner in which employees are disciplined for violating company policy for situations like cell phone usage.

The value of the resource is

its importance

The leadership decision tree

leads to the determination of how much involvement leaders should seek in making decisions

Power that comes from one's organizational role or position is

legitimate power

Which of the following traits is NOT a tool that transformational leaders use to influence employees and create commitment to the company goals?

management by exception

Research on effective teams indicates that they experience

moderate levels of task conflict in the middle of the project timeline.

Information-rich channels convey more

nonverbal information

Which of the following is NOT an impression management category that an individual can use to accomplish the outcomes desired?

personality

The ability to influence the behavior of others to get what you want is

power

One way to satisfy self-actualization needs is to

pursue a master's degree through a company's tuition reimbursement program.

Political behaviors in organizations include all of the following EXCEPT

rational decision making

According to surveys, the most frequently used influence tactic is

rational persuasion

Authentic leadership

refers to effective leaders who stay true to themselves

Maslow's theory of motivation is criticized because

research does not support the argument that satisfied needs no longer motivate behavior.

Expectancy theory suggests individuals are motivated when all of the following conditions are met EXCEPT

rewards lead to high performance

All of the following are examples of intrapersonal conflict EXCEPT

role reversal

An achievement-oriented leader

sets goals for employees and encourages them to reach their goals.

With the scorecard and strategy map in hand, managers break broad goals down into

strategies

Recent surveys indicate that managers spend a majority of their time communicating with what group?

subordinates

Maslow's hierarchy of needs theory of motivation

suggests once basic needs are satisfied, higher order needs become motivators.

The two broad categories of leader behaviors are

task-oriented and people-oriented structures.

In expectancy theory, valence is

the anticipated satisfaction that will result from an outcome

Negotiation is

the process whereby two or more parties work toward an agreement

In which of the following scenarios would you expect high performance?

the team members seem to get along well enough, bu ton occasion they will argue about a number of issues

People=oriented behaviors include

treating employees with respect

Making sure that organizational members are ready for and receptive to change is what step of the Lewin model

unfreeze

Individuals with a high need for affiliation

want to be accepted by others

Which of the following is not an aspect of the verbal strategy of impression mangement

intent of your speech

Conflict between two individuals such as coworkers is

interpersonal conflict

Which of the following statements regarding leader-member exchange relationships is INCORRECT?

All employees would like to have a positive relationship with their leader.

If there is conflict between two members of a team and the underlying reason for the conflict is personality differences, what is a viable way of managing the organizational conflict?

Change the composition of the team by separating the individuals at odds.

Being organized, systematic, punctual, achievement-oriented and dependable are characteristics of the personality trait

Conscientiousness

People-oriented behaviors are also called

Consideration

Analyzing Trader Joe's success using Herzberg's two-factor theory of motivation would suggest that

Contextual, content, and growth needs factors all help to contribute to Trader Joe's success.

How could a firm best satisfy an employee's safety needs?

Create job security clause in the employment contract

All of the following are rules for active listening EXCEPT

Find areas of agreement with the speaker.

Which of the following statements related to the unfreezing stage of planned change is INCORRECT?

Get everyone on board as soon as the change is initiated.

Which of the following is an INCORRECT statement about leader-member exchange (LMX) theory?

High LMX relationships involve an active dislike between the leader and member

Which of the following statements regarding self-esteem and leadership in INCORRECT?

Leaders with high self esteem punish their subordinates less effectively, when such punishment is due, than o leaders with lower self esteem.

Competition

Reaching one's goal or get their solution adopted regardless of what others say or how they feel

All of the following are individual antecedents of political behavior EXCEPT

Role ambiguity

The collaborative work environment at Trader Joe's satisfies which of Maslow's hierarchy of needs?

Social

All of the following factors are important when unfreezing for planned change EXCEPT

Taking things slowly; do not suggest a crisis is imminent

Which of the following statements regarding the Zimbardo study is correct?

The Zimbardo study was ended early due to the participant's deep entrenchment of the roles

All of the following statements are correct with regard to determining your BATNA EXCEPT?

You must determine your own BATNA but there is little you can do with regard to the BATNA of the party with whom you are negotiating.

The influence tactic that works most effectively in organizations that value democratic decision making is

consultation

Alderfer's existence needs correspond to Maslow's

safety needs

Research on the direction of influence and the effectiveness of various influence techniques indicates all of the following EXCEPT

subordinate use of assertiveness and rationality as influence tactics lead to negative outcomes.