Organizational Behavior #3
Which of the following statements regarding the positive and negative consequences of power is INCORRECT?
Individuals are often quick to question the actions of those in power.
Research indicates which of the following findings regarding negotiations is correct?
Individuals who were unable to negotiate a deal in previous negotiation situations tended to have lower outcomes in subsequent negotiations than those who had initially negotiated deals in the past.
Avoiding
People exhibiting this style seek to avoid conflict altogether by denying that it is there. They are prone to postponing any decisions in which a conflict may arise.
All of the following statements regarding reasons employees resist change are correct EXCEPT
People with a negative self-concept view change as an opportunity
________ leaders lead employees by aligning employee goals with the leader's goals.
Transformational
Almost all managers surveyed suggest workplace politics exist in their organizations and that to be successful individuals must engage in politics
True
Research suggests all of the following are outcomes of impression management EXCEPT impression management
is less influential in unstructured interviews than structured interviews.
Ensuring that change becomes permanent and the new procedures become the norm is what stage of Lewin's model of planned change?
refreeze
All of the statements regarding workplace demographics and their impact on change are correct EXCEPT an older workforce
will likely cause flexible work hours and job sharing to diminish as older people like the structure of set hours of work.
If you dislike working with a person and do not care for them on a personal level either,
you would have a low least preferred coworker score.
Compromise
A middle-ground style in which individuals have some desire to express their own concerns and get their way but still respect the other person's goals
Which of the following statement is true?
A need for power can have an altruistic form.
Conflict
A process that involves people disagreeing
When leaders make decisions alone without involving employees in the decision making process, they are using
Authoritarian decision making
Which of then following statements regarding antecedents of political behavior is INCORRECT?
Authoritarian decision making leads to more political behavior in the organization.
Which of the following statements is true about the manner in which managers can influence the perceptions of expectancy theory?
Conduct employee surveys periodically to ascertain what they consider to be rewards for performance and integrate that in some manner into the performance evaluation program.
Interpersonal conflict
Conflict among individuals
Intergroup conflict
Conflict that takes place among different groups.
Which of the following statements regarding the second stage of planned change is INCORRECT?
Create big wins because people need to see that things are happening
Which of the following statements regarding the final stage of planned change is INCORRECT?
Declare victory early in making the change and get into a routine
Which of the following statements regarding overcoming resistance to your proposals is INCORRECT?
Does not listen to naysayers
Which of the following is a need based theory of motivation
ERG theory
In comparing Maslow's hierarchy of needs theory to Alderfer's ERG theory
ERG theory recognizes more than one need may operate at one time
All of the following statements regarding organizational politics are correct EXCEPT
Effective politics is all about winning at all costs.
Research on employee perception of organizational politics finds all of the following if employees think that their organization is overly driven by politics, EXCEPT
Employees have lower job satisfaction, but are no less committed to the organization.
In demographic decision making
Employees participate in the making of the decision
Research on performance incentives suggest all of the following EXCEPT
Employees report lower levels of pay satisfaction under pay-for-performance systems.
People do not welcome change whether it is favorable or not to them
False
Resistance to change is never a positive force for an organization.
False
Research on Fiedler's Contingency Theory indicates which of the following?
Fiedler's theory is important because it recognizes the importance of the leadership context
Which of the following statements regarding House's path-goal theory of leadership is INCORRECT?
House's path-goal theory of motivation is based upon the equity theory of motivation
Accommodating
In this style, the person gies in to what the other side wants, even if it means giving up one's personal goals..
Which of the following statements regarding factors of change in the organizations is INCORRECT?
Manufacturing jobs have been outsourced, but knowledge-based jobs are largely safe from such movement
Which of the following statements regarding intelligence is INCORRECT?
One's intelligence is the strongest predictor of leadership performance
Which of the following statements regarding change is INCORRECT?
Organizational change takes only a few forms
All of the following are actions those who perceive inequity can undertake to "balance the scales" EXCEPT
Produce higher quality work
In which of the following scenarios are you most likely to experience conflict?
The firm just instituted a matrix structure
The relationship between dependency and power suggests
The more difficult it is find a substitute, the less power held by the person with the substitute
Collaboration
The objective is to find a win-win solution to the problem in which both parties get what they want.
Which of the following statements regarding the Milgram experiment on conformity to authority is correct?
The researcher/experimenter's role was very important in obtaining group compliance with the experiment procedures/guidelines.
The earliest approach to the study of leadership was
The trait approach
Research on equity theory suggests
Those who feel over-rewarded experience little distress over the situation.
Research on transformational and transactional leadership shows all of the following EXCEPT
Transactional leaders increase the intrinsic motivation of their followers
Culture and reputation costs are intangible costs associated with any form of control
True
Organizational change can be either radical or incremental
True
Surveys indicate that resistance to change is one of the top two reasons why change efforts within organizations fail
True
Those employees who feel they can perform well under a new system will be more committed to change
True
All of the following statements regarding resistance to change are correct EXCEPT
When people react negatively to change, they experience negative emotions, but are no more likely to leave the firm than they would be in a firm that was not undergoing organizational change.
Which of the following statements regarding impression management is INCORRECT?
While it is possible to manage others' impressions of you, it is not important because in the end you are who you are
All of the following would freeze a conversation EXCEPT
You are very skilled at that.
External communication about a client's product or service created for specific receivers is
a press release
Conflict is
a process that involves people disagreeing
Intrapersonal conflict is
a type of conflict that arises when a person is uncertain about what is expected or wanted or has a sense of being inadequate to the task.
The most negative reaction to a proposed change attempt is
active resistance
Research has found all of the Big 5 personality traits to be related to leader emergence and leader effectiveness EXCEPT
agreeableness
Downward influence is best achieved through
an inspiring vision
An example of a crucial conversation is
asking for a raise
Alderfer's theory of motivation does all of the following EXCEPT
assume needs are hierarchically-based
Maslow's social needs could be satisfied by
attending a department picnic after work
The trait approach to leadership examines all of the following factors EXCEPT
behaviors.
Openness is
being curious, original, intellectual, creative and receptive to new ideas.
When well-designed, organizational controls can provide benefits such as
better ability to manage uncertainty and complexity
All of the following would be effective means of stimulating conflict EXCEPT
building clarity into the situation
Listening
can be demonstrated to the sender by nonverbal signals like the nod of a head
The ability to attract others, win their admiration, and hold them spellbound is
charisma
When a target agrees to a request and actively supports it, the target's response is
commitment
People's tendencies to behave consistently with social norms is
conformity
To influence instrumentality, managers can
consistently reward high performers
When reinforcers follow all examples of positive behavior you are using a ________________ _____________ of reinforcement
continuous schedule
Communication fulfills all of the following organizational functions EXCEPT
control
The ability to influence those in positions lower than yours is
downward influence
Maslow's theory of motivation suggests
employee needs are ordered.
Alderfer's growth needs correspond to Maslow's
esteem needs
Access to specific knowledge skills is ______________power
expert
The Big 5 personality trait _________ has the strongest relationship to both leader emergence and leader effectiveness
extraversion
Research findings of leader behaviors suggest
extremely high levels of leader task-oriented behaviors may lead to burnout in employees
If leader-subordinate relations are good, position power is high and task is structured, the situation would be categorized as
favorable
Maslow's physiological needs may be satisfied by:
food
Research shows that when confronted with a conflict situation, subordinates are most likely to use all of the following conflict handling styles EXCEPT
forcing
Research shows that when managers are dealing with conflict they prefer which conflict handling style?
forcing
The simple premise of Maslow's hierarchy of needs theory is
human beings have needs that are hierarchically ranked.
Attempting to get others to do what we want is
influence
Effective managers tend o use more
information-rich channels
Using different forms of making others feel good about themselves is the influence tactic of
ingratiation
Task-oriented behaviors are also called
initiating structure
All of the following are examples of the Big 5 Personality traits EXCEPT
intelligence
Coercive power
is the ability to take something away or punish someone for noncompliance
Research on procedural justice suggests
it is best to be consistent in the manner in which employees are disciplined for violating company policy for situations like cell phone usage.
The value of the resource is
its importance
The leadership decision tree
leads to the determination of how much involvement leaders should seek in making decisions
Power that comes from one's organizational role or position is
legitimate power
Which of the following traits is NOT a tool that transformational leaders use to influence employees and create commitment to the company goals?
management by exception
Research on effective teams indicates that they experience
moderate levels of task conflict in the middle of the project timeline.
Information-rich channels convey more
nonverbal information
Which of the following is NOT an impression management category that an individual can use to accomplish the outcomes desired?
personality
The ability to influence the behavior of others to get what you want is
power
One way to satisfy self-actualization needs is to
pursue a master's degree through a company's tuition reimbursement program.
Political behaviors in organizations include all of the following EXCEPT
rational decision making
According to surveys, the most frequently used influence tactic is
rational persuasion
Authentic leadership
refers to effective leaders who stay true to themselves
Maslow's theory of motivation is criticized because
research does not support the argument that satisfied needs no longer motivate behavior.
Expectancy theory suggests individuals are motivated when all of the following conditions are met EXCEPT
rewards lead to high performance
All of the following are examples of intrapersonal conflict EXCEPT
role reversal
An achievement-oriented leader
sets goals for employees and encourages them to reach their goals.
With the scorecard and strategy map in hand, managers break broad goals down into
strategies
Recent surveys indicate that managers spend a majority of their time communicating with what group?
subordinates
Maslow's hierarchy of needs theory of motivation
suggests once basic needs are satisfied, higher order needs become motivators.
The two broad categories of leader behaviors are
task-oriented and people-oriented structures.
In expectancy theory, valence is
the anticipated satisfaction that will result from an outcome
Negotiation is
the process whereby two or more parties work toward an agreement
In which of the following scenarios would you expect high performance?
the team members seem to get along well enough, bu ton occasion they will argue about a number of issues
People=oriented behaviors include
treating employees with respect
Making sure that organizational members are ready for and receptive to change is what step of the Lewin model
unfreeze
Individuals with a high need for affiliation
want to be accepted by others
Which of the following is not an aspect of the verbal strategy of impression mangement
intent of your speech
Conflict between two individuals such as coworkers is
interpersonal conflict
Which of the following statements regarding leader-member exchange relationships is INCORRECT?
All employees would like to have a positive relationship with their leader.
If there is conflict between two members of a team and the underlying reason for the conflict is personality differences, what is a viable way of managing the organizational conflict?
Change the composition of the team by separating the individuals at odds.
Being organized, systematic, punctual, achievement-oriented and dependable are characteristics of the personality trait
Conscientiousness
People-oriented behaviors are also called
Consideration
Analyzing Trader Joe's success using Herzberg's two-factor theory of motivation would suggest that
Contextual, content, and growth needs factors all help to contribute to Trader Joe's success.
How could a firm best satisfy an employee's safety needs?
Create job security clause in the employment contract
All of the following are rules for active listening EXCEPT
Find areas of agreement with the speaker.
Which of the following statements related to the unfreezing stage of planned change is INCORRECT?
Get everyone on board as soon as the change is initiated.
Which of the following is an INCORRECT statement about leader-member exchange (LMX) theory?
High LMX relationships involve an active dislike between the leader and member
Which of the following statements regarding self-esteem and leadership in INCORRECT?
Leaders with high self esteem punish their subordinates less effectively, when such punishment is due, than o leaders with lower self esteem.
Competition
Reaching one's goal or get their solution adopted regardless of what others say or how they feel
All of the following are individual antecedents of political behavior EXCEPT
Role ambiguity
The collaborative work environment at Trader Joe's satisfies which of Maslow's hierarchy of needs?
Social
All of the following factors are important when unfreezing for planned change EXCEPT
Taking things slowly; do not suggest a crisis is imminent
Which of the following statements regarding the Zimbardo study is correct?
The Zimbardo study was ended early due to the participant's deep entrenchment of the roles
All of the following statements are correct with regard to determining your BATNA EXCEPT?
You must determine your own BATNA but there is little you can do with regard to the BATNA of the party with whom you are negotiating.
The influence tactic that works most effectively in organizations that value democratic decision making is
consultation
Alderfer's existence needs correspond to Maslow's
safety needs
Research on the direction of influence and the effectiveness of various influence techniques indicates all of the following EXCEPT
subordinate use of assertiveness and rationality as influence tactics lead to negative outcomes.
