Orthodontics: Chapter 60 Test Review

How is a patient instructed to clean under the arch wire? A. Use an interproximal brush. B. Use a floss threader. C. Use a Waterpik. D. All of the above are correct.

All of the above are correct.

Which instrument removes elastomeric ring separators? A. Bird-beak pliers B. A spoon excavator C. A hemostat D. An orthodontic scaler

An orthodontic scaler

In orthodontics, which radiograph is taken to study and make measurements of the skull and analyze growth patterns? A. Panoramic B. Cephalometric C. Bitewing D. Occlusal

Cephalometric

Which radiograph is most commonly exposed on an orthodontic patient? A. Full-mouth survey B. Panoramic projection C. Cephalometric projection D. Bitewing images

Cephalometric projection

Excessive lip protrusion is most often seen in A. Class I malocclusion. B. Class II malocclusion. C. Class III malocclusion.

Class II malocclusion.

In ______ malocclusion, the mesiobuccal cusp of the maxillary permanent first molar occludes in the interdental space between the distal cusp of the mandibular first permanent molar and the mesial cusp of the mandibular second permanent molar. A. Class I B. Class II, Division 1 C. Class II, Division 2 D. Class III

Class III

The function of the _____ is to apply force to either move the teeth or hold them in the desired positions. A. buccal tubes B. bracket C. arch wire D. wire tie

arch wire

Before placement of orthodontic _______, separators may be necessary. A. arch wires B. bands C. bonded brackets D. ligatures

bands

The use of orthodontic separators is necessary before the placement of A. arch wires. B. bands. C. bonded brackets. D. ligature ties.

bands.

If periodontal problems are present, they are treated ______ orthodontic treatment has been started. A. after B. during C. before

before

When placing steel separating springs, the spring is slipped into place with the helix positioned to the ________ side of the tooth. A. gingival B. buccal C. lingual D. mesial

buccal

Dentofacial proportions and the anatomic basis of malocclusion are most effectively evaluated on ____________ radiographs. A. cephalometric B. panoramic C. periapical D. occlusal

cephalometric

Damage to a tooth bud during development may be a(n) ____________ cause of malocclusion. A. developmental B. environmental C. genetic

environmental

What holds dental arch wires in place? A. Ligature ties B. Dental cement C. Elastomeric ties D. Both A and C

Both A and C

Which of the following is used to tie the arch wire into orthodontic brackets? A. Separating wire B. Wire ligatures C. Elastomeric ligatures D. Both B and C

Both B and C

Orthodontic fixed appliances are also known as what? A. Braces B. Separators C. Hawley retainers D. Clear aligners

Braces

What attachment is either welded to bands or attached to a backing pad that is bonded directly to the teeth? A. Bracket B. Separator C. Retainer D. Coil spring

Bracket

When taking photographs, the full direct view includes what? A. Extraoral frontal view, with the lips in a relaxed position B. Intraoral view, with all teeth in occlusion C. Extraoral profile view of the patient's right side, with the lips in a relaxed position D. Intraoral right buccal view, with the distal of the canine to the distal of the last molar

Intraoral view, with all teeth in occlusion

Elastic separators can be left in the mouth for ____ days, and steel can be left in the mouth for _____ days. A. 7; 7 B. 14; 5 C. 5; 14 D. 14; 14

14; 5

Wire ligatures should be twisted and cut, leaving a _____-mm pigtail. A. 1- to 2 B. 2- to 3 C. 3- to 4 D. 4- to 5

4- to 5

Beyond the age of ____ years, thumb and finger sucking will affect the upper facial structure and upper anterior teeth. A. 2 B. 3 C. 5 D. 7

5

A cross-bite refers to which condition? A. There are no posterior teeth. B. There are spaces between teeth in the same arch. C. A tooth is not properly aligning with its opposing tooth. D. The teeth contact only during mastication.

A tooth is not properly aligning with its opposing tooth.

An orthodontic scaler is used to A. aid in direct bracket placement. B. remove elastomeric rings. C. remove excessive cement from banding. D. All of the above

All of the above

Indications for orthodontic treatment include A. malocclusion. B. impaired mastication. C. susceptibility to decay. D. All of the above

All of the above

Intraoral photographs for orthodontic patients include the A. front view. B. maxillary occlusal view. C. right buccal view. D. All of the above

All of the above

What information is needed for the diagnosis and treatment planning of an orthodontic case? A. Medical and dental histories B. Photographs and radiographs C. Diagnostic models D. All of the above

All of the above

Which foods should be avoided by patients with fixed appliances? A. Chewing gum B. Sticky foods C. Popcorn D. All of the above

All of the above

What is the most common type of attachment for fixed appliances? A. Orthodontic band B. Bonded bracket C. Arch wire D. Separator

Bonded bracket

On which teeth are brackets most commonly bonded? A. Anterior teeth B. Premolars C. Molars D. Both A and B

Both A and B

Buccal arch wire tubes are located on A. the maxillary first molar bands. B. the mandibular first molar bands. C. brackets. D. Both A and B are correct.

Both A and B are correct.

Why is glass ionomer cement the most commonly used cement for banding orthodontic bands? A. It contains fluoride that aids in preventing decay under the bands. B. It has adequate strength to aid in retention with enamel. C. It is capable of being bonded to the tooth surface. D. Both A and B are correct.

Both A and B are correct.

Which of the choices represents a developmental cause of orthodontic problems? A. Congenitally missing teeth B. Jaw size discrepancy C. Fetal molding D. Damage to permanent tooth buds when an injury to primary teeth has occurred

Congenitally missing teeth

Which instrument contours a band around the tooth to allow for minimal exposed cement at the margins? A. Band seater B. Contouring pliers C. Bird-beak pliers D. Band-removing pliers

Contouring pliers

What does a labial hook on the facial surfaces of the first and second molar bands and brackets do? A. It attaches a bracket to a tooth. B. It holds interarch elastics. C. It stabilizes the ends of a facebow. D. It holds the arch wire in place.

It holds interarch elastics.

The orthodontic problems of most people come from an interaction of which of the following? (Select all that apply.) A. Developmental B. Genetic C. Environmental D. Functional influences

Developmental, Genetic, Environmental

Which of the following is used to place elastic separators? A. Hemostat B. Dental floss C. Elastic separating pliers D. Either B or C

Either B or C

Which of the following power products is used to close space between teeth? A. Elastomeric ligatures B. Elastic chains C. Comfort tubing D. Wire ties

Elastic chains

_____ are attached to hooks or buttons that are secured on the band or brackets. A. Springs B. Tooth positioners C. Elastic separators D. Elastics

Elastics

_____ separators are placed between contacts with a "sawing" or flossing motion. A. Brass wire B. Elastomeric C. Steel spring D. Wedge

Elastomeric

What is overbite? A. Excessive horizontal distance between maxillary and mandibular teeth B. Coronal length of maxillary anterior teeth C. Excessive vertical overlap of maxillary and mandibular anterior teeth D. Labioversion of the mandibular teeth

Excessive vertical overlap of maxillary and mandibular anterior teeth

What is the purpose of the arch wire? A. It is a pattern that gives the dental arch its shape. B. It holds interarch elastics. C. It bonds directly to the teeth. D. It stabilizes the ends of a facebow.

It is a pattern that gives the dental arch its shape.

What is class I occlusion? A. It is normal occlusion. B. It is mesioclusion. C. It occurs when the mesiobuccal cusp of the maxillary first molar occludes in the interdental space between the mandibular second premolar and the mesial cusp of the mandibular first molar. D. It occurs when the mesiobuccal cusp of the maxillary first molar occludes in the interdental space between the distal cusp of the mandibular first permanent molar and the mesial cusp of the mandibular second permanent molar.

It is normal occlusion.

In Class _____ occlusion, or distoclusion, the mandibular arch and the body of the mandible are in bilateral, distal relationship to the maxillary teeth. A. I B. II C. III D. IV

II

Which statement is incorrect about sticky candy and gum use during orthodontic treatment? A. It weakens cement beneath bands, causing bands to loosen. B. It loosens bands, pulls out ligature ties, and bends arch wires. C. It lodges between bands and beneath arch wires, causing irritation to gum tissues. D. It can increase the chance of carious lesions.

It loosens bands, pulls out ligature ties, and bends arch wires.

What is the purpose of the headgear tube? A. It is placed on the upper first molar bands. B. It stabilizes the ends of the facebow. C. It assists with retention of the arch wire. D. Both A and B are purposes.

It stabilizes the ends of the facebow.

What instrument is used to disengage wire ties when removing an arch wire? A. Ligature cutter B. Mosquito hemostat C. Explorer D. Howe pliers

Ligature cutter

Which instrument is used in the placement of elastomeric ligature ties? A. Locking hemostat B. Pigtail explorer C. Scaler D. Ligature-tying pliers

Locking hemostat

Buccal arch wire tubes are located on the bands that surround which of the following teeth? A. Maxillary first molar B. Mandibular premolar C. Maxillary central incisors D. Mandibular canines

Maxillary first molar

Which non-nutritive habit may be a result in narrowing of the maxilla? A. Bruxism B. Tongue thrusting C. Mouth breathing D. All of the above

Mouth breathing

Which of the following type of arch wire is stiffer and stronger than other types of wires? A. Stainless steel B. Nickel titanium C. Beta titanium D. Opti-Flex

Nickel titanium

During cementation of bands, where is the cement placed? A. Into the tubes B. On the tooth C. On the outer surface of the band D. On the inner surface of the band

On the inner surface of the band

Which statement is incorrect about preparing a band for cementation? A. Wipe attachments with wax or Chapstick. B. Place the band occlusal surface down on masking tape. C. Place the band gingival surface down on masking tape. D. Fill the entire inner surface with cement.

Place the band gingival surface down on masking tape.

Which step is first in preparation for bonding the brackets to the teeth? A. Isolate using cotton rolls or retractors. B. Polish using a fluoride-free paste. C. Etch, rinse, and dry. D. None of the above is correct.

Polish using a fluoride-free paste.

Severe malocclusion and dental facial deformities, both of which can cause social stigma and have a negative effect on a patient's self-esteem, are examples of which type of adversity? A. Psychosocial function B. Oral function C. Dental disease D. Both A and C

Psychosocial function

Which type of arch wire would not be used to position the crown and root of the teeth in final stages of treatment? A. Round B. Square C. Rectangular D. All of the above

Round

An orthodontic tooth positioner is not used for which purpose? A. Retain teeth in position B. Separate the teeth before banding C. Massage tissue D. Use prior to a retainer

Separate the teeth before banding

What is the purpose of a cervical traction headgear device? A. To move the mandibular first molar distally B. To move the mandibular first molar mesially C. To move the maxillary first molar distally D. To move the maxillary first molar mesially

To move the maxillary first molar distally

Which statement is incorrect pertaining to dental assistant duties in an orthodontic practice? A. The dental assistant motivates and reinforces oral home care. B. The dental assistant removes primary teeth. C. The dental assistant makes appliance adjustments. D. The dental assistant takes and fabricates diagnostic records.

The dental assistant removes primary teeth.

Which of the following is incorrect about customized aligners? A. They consist of a series of aligners designed by computer technology. B. Each aligner is worn for about 2 weeks. C. They can be used for all types of orthodontic treatments. D. They are referred to as invisible braces.

They can be used for all types of orthodontic treatments.

What is an advantage of using the patient's model to select bands? A. This process eliminates the lengthy process at chairside. B. It is more accurate. C. Neither is an advantage. D. Both are advantages.

This process eliminates the lengthy process at chairside.

During the frontal evaluation of facial esthetics, why is the face examined? A. To determine whether the jaws are proportionately positioned B. To evaluate lip protrusion C. To examine for bilateral symmetry D. To evaluate the vertical facial proportions and the mandibular angle

To examine for bilateral symmetry

What is the purpose of an orthodontic positioner? A. To move the teeth B. To retain the teeth in their desired position C. To reposition the teeth during orthodontic treatment D. To act as a permanent retainer

To retain the teeth in their desired position

Which statement is incorrect regarding the cut ligature pigtail? A. Tuck toward the gingival. B. Tuck toward the occlusal. C. Run a finger over them to check for comfort. D. Tuck them in the interproximal space.

Tuck toward the occlusal.

Which condition occurs when the mandible is located ahead of the maxilla? A. Overbite B. Underbite C. Retrusion D. Centric relation

Underbite

When the maxillary first molars require stabilization or distal movement, ______________ is used. A. a chin cap on the head gear B. a cervical traction on the head gear C. a high pull traction on the head gear

a cervical traction on the head gear

The arch wire is A. a pattern that gives the dental arch its shape. B. attached to labial hooks. C. bonded directly to the teeth. D. worn only with head gear.

a pattern that gives the dental arch its shape.

Elastomeric ties can be removed using A. bird beak pliers. B. a spoon excavator. C. a hemostat. D. an orthodontic scaler.

an orthodontic scaler.

Once the arch wire has been positioned in the brackets, it is ________ in place. A. cemented B. ligated C. bonded D. soldered

ligated

On a cephalometric tracing, the ____________ is the bottom of the chin. A. basion Ba B. gonion Go C. menton Me D. porion Po

menton Me

Arch wires that are made of _____ are useful in early stages of treatment because they are flexible. A. nickel titanium B. stainless steel C. beta titanium D. Opti-Flex

nickel titanium

There is no vertical overlap of the teeth in a patient with an A. open bite. B. overbite. C. overjet. D. Both A and B are correct.

open bite.

To retain the teeth in their position following the removal of fixed orthodontics, the patient will wear a ____________ for 6 to 10 months. A. space maintainer B. positioner C. palatal expansion D. night guard

positioner

During the final stages of treatment, a ____________ arch wire is used to position the crown and root in the correct maxillary and mandibular relationship. A. round B. rectangular C. braided D. twisted

rectangular

When there is insurance coverage for orthodontic treatment, it is the responsibility of the ______________ to submit periodic progress claims for reimbursement. A. subscriber B. insurance company C. orthodontic office D. general dental office

subscriber

In preparation for the bonding of brackets, the A. separators are placed. B. teeth are isolated using cotton rolls or retractors. C. teeth are polished with a fluoride paste. D. teeth are conditioned, rinsed, and dried.

teeth are conditioned, rinsed, and dried.

After preparing the tooth for bonding brackets, the sealant is placed on the ____ and the bonding material on the _____. A. bracket; bracket B. tooth; tooth C. bracket; tooth D. tooth; bracket

tooth; bracket