Package Managers

Benefits of using Chocolatey:

1. You can add any software that might be missing to the public repository. 2. You can even create your own private repository if you need to package something like an internal company application. 3. Configuration management tools like SCCM and Puppet, even integrate with this. That helps make managing deployments of software to the Windows computers in your company, automatic and simple.

Methods of software installation with Chocolatey:

1. You can install the Chocolatey command line tool and run it directly from your PowerShell CLI. 2. You can use the package management feature that was recently released for PowerShell. Just specify that the source of the package should be the Chocolatey repository.

Puppet

A software configuration management tool which includes its own declarative language to describe system configuration. The automation software uses this language to manage stages of infrastructure like provisioning, patching, configuration, and management of OS and application components across enterprise data centers and cloud infrastructures.

SCCM - System Center Configuration Manager

A software management suite provided by Microsoft that allows users to manage a large number of Windows based computers. Features include remote control, patch management, operating system deployment, network protection, and other various services.

Personal Package Archive (PPA)

A software repository for uploading source packages to be built and published as an Advanced Packaging Tool (APT) repository by Launchpad.

Chocolatey

A third party package manager for Windows that lets you install any package or software that exists in this public repository.

Launchpad

A website owned by the organization, Canonical Limited that allows open source software developers to develop, maintain, and distribute software. PPAs are hosted on their servers.

Why are repositories helpful?

Because of repositories, we don't have to manually search for each and every software we want online.

True or False: Your computer knows where software is to download.

False. Your computer doesn't know where to check for software if you don't explicitly add the package or repository links to this file.

Example of installing a package in PowerShell:

Find-Package sysinternals -IncludeDependencies Register-PackageSource -Name chocolatey -ProviderName chocolatey -Location http://chocolatey.org/api/v2 Get-PackageSource Find-Package sysinternal -IncludeDependencies Install-Package -Name sysinternals Confirm that you want to install the software. Then verify that the software was installed: Get-Package -name sysinternals

Example of installing a package from the Chocolatey software source:

Install-Package -Name awesomesoftware -Source chocolatey

Packet manager

Makes sure that the process of software installation, removal, update, and dependency management is as easy and automatic as possible.

APT upgrade command

Once you have an updated list of packages, this Linux command will install any outdated packages for you automatically.

Why should you be careful when using a PPA instead of the original developer's repositories?

PPA software isn't as vetted as repositories you might find from reputable sources like Ubuntu. They can sometimes contain defective, or even malicious software.

Install-Package cmdlet

PowerShell cmdlet used to install a piece of software and its dependencies.

What should you do before installing new software on Linux?

Run APT update to make sure you're getting the most up-to-date software in you repositories. Ex: sudo apt update You'll also want to run APT upgrade to install any available updated packages on your machine. Ex: sudo apt upgrade

Package repository

Servers that act like a central storage location for packages.

Why is APT so useful?

The APT package manager is used to extend the functionality of dpkg. It installs package dependencies for us, makes it easier for us to find packages that we can install, cleans up packages we don't need, and more.

Where do you add a package or repository link on Linux?

The repository source file in Ubuntu is /etc/APT/sources.list

APT update command

This Linux command updates the list of packages in your repositories, so you get the latest software available. But it won't install or upgrade packages for you.

What cmdlet do you use to uninstall software in PowerShell?

Uninstall-Package

Example of using Uninstall-Package in PowerShell:

Uninstall-Package -Name sysinternals

Repository managers update their software pretty regularly. If you want to get the latest package updates, what should you do?

Update your package repositories with the APT update and then APT upgrade commands.

What commands are available with APT?

You can use the apt--help command to learn more about the commands available. You can list packages, search packages, get more info about packages and more.

Example of using APT to install software:

sudo apt install gimp APT grabs the dependencies that this package requires automatically and asks us if we want to install it.

Example of using APT to remove software:

sudo apt remove gimp This will also remove dependencies for us that we're not using anymore because we don't need Gimp.