Parenteral (IV) Medications

The abbreviation for the IV solution half normal saline is

0.45% NaCl

When preparing to administer a blood transfusion, the nurse should use the IV solution

0.9% sodium chloride (NS)

A provider prescribes lactated Ringer's 1.5 L IV to infuse over 12 hr. The nurse should set the IV pump to deliver how many mL/hr? (Round the answer to the nearest whole number)

125 mL/hr XmL/hr = 1,000 mL/1 L x 1.5 L/12 hr

A nurse is preparing to administer ceftriaxone 2 g by intermittent IV bolus every 12 hr. Available is ceftriaxone 2 g in D5W 100 mL to infuse over 45 min. The nurse should set the IV pump to deliver how many mL/hr? (Round the answer to the nearest whole number)

133 mL/hr XmL/hr = 100 mL/45 min x 60 min/1 hr

A nurse is preparing to administer clindamycin 900 mg by intermittent iv bolus over 45 min. Available is clindamycin 900 mg in 100 mL dextrose 5% (D5W). The nurse should set the IV pump to deliver how many mL/hr? (Round the answer to the nearest whole number)

133 mL/hr XmL/hr = 100 mL/45 min x 60 min/1 hr

1 liter of 5% dextrose in water (D5W) provides how many calories?

170

A nurse is preparing to administer 20 mg famotidine by intermittent IV bolus every 12 hr. Available is famotidine 20 mg in D5W 100 mL to infuse over 30 min. The nurse should set the IV pump to deliver how many mL/hr? (Round the answer to the nearest whole number)

200 mL/hr XmL/hr = 100 mL/30 min x 60 min/1 hr

A nurse is preparing to administer cefazolin 500 every 8 hr. Available is cefazolin injection 500 mg in dextrose 5% water 100 mL to infuse over 30 min. The nurse should set the IV pump to deliver how many mL/hr? (Round the answer to the nearest whole number)

200 mL/hr XmL/hr = 100 mL/30 min x 60 min/1 hr

A nurse is preparing to administer ceftazidime 1 g by intermittent IV bolus every 12 hr. Available is ceftazidime 1 g in 0.9% NaCl 50 mL to infuse over 15 min. The nurse should set the IV pump to deliver how many mL/hr? (Round the answer to the nearest whole number)

200 mL/hr XmL/hr = 50 mL/15 min x 60 min/1 hr

A nurse is preparing to administer D5W 200 mL IV to infuse over 6 hr. The nurse should set the IV pump to deliver how many mL/hr? (Round answer to the nearest whole number)

33 mL/hr XmL/hr = 300 mL/6 hr XmL/hr = 33.3 mL/hr

A nurse is preparing to administer famotidine 20 mg by intermittent iv bolus over 15 min. Available is famotidine 20 mg in 100 mL dextrose 5% (D5W). The nurse should set the IV pump to deliver how many mL/hr? (Round the answer to the nearest whole number)

400 mL/hr XmL/hr = 100 mL/15 min x 60 min/1 hr

A nurse is preparing to administer dextrose 5% in water (D5W) 250 mL to infuse over 4 hr. The drop factor of the manual IV tubing is 60 gtt/mL. The nurse should set the manual IV infusion to deliver how many gtt/min?

63 gtt/min Xgtt/min = 60 gtt/1 mL x 250 mL/4 hr x 1 hr/60 min = 15,000/240

A nurse is preparing to administer 0.45% NaCl 500 mL IV to infuse over 8 hr. The nurse should set the IV pump to deliver how many mL/hr? (Round answer to the nearest whole number)

63 mL/hr XmL/hr = 500 mL/8 hr XmL/hr = 62.5 mL/hr

A nurse is preparing to administer 0.9% sodium chloride 1.5 L IV to infuse over 6 hr. The drop factor of the manual IV tubing is 20gtt/ml. The nurse should set the manual IV infusion to deliver how many gtt/min? (Round the answer to the nearest whole number)

83 gtt/min 1 L = 1,500 mL Xgtt/min = 20 gtt/1 mL x 1,500 mL/6 hr x 1 hr/60 min = 30,000/360 = 83.3

A nurse is preparing to administer lactated Ringer's 2 L IV to infuse over 24 hr. The nurse should set the IV pump to deliver how many mL/hr? (Round the answer to the nearest whole number)

83 mL/hr XmL/hr = 1,000 mL/1 L x 2 L/24 hr

A nurse is preparing to administer D5W 500 mL IV to infuse over 6 hr. The nurse should set the IV pump to deliver how many mL/hr? (Round answer to the nearest whole number)

83 mL/hr XmL/hr = 500 mL/6 hr XmL/hr = 83.3 mL/hr

A nurse is reviewing the label affixed to a bag of IV medication to be given as an intermittent IV bolus. Which of the following information must be included to meet ISMP recommendations?

Client's medical record number, infusion time for medication, diluent solution, expiration date of medication

A nurse is observing a newly licensed nurse administer an intermittent IV bolus to a client who has a continuous IV. The bolus is compatible with the continuous IV fluids. Which of the following actions by the newly licensed nurse requires intervention?

Flushing the line with 0.9% NaCl prior to administering the medication - it is not necessary to flush the line prior to administration of a medication that is compatible with the IV solution

A nurse is preparing to use the piggyback method to administer a secondary IV medication. Where should the nurse place the secondary bag?

Higher than the primary bag - the primary solution will begin to infuse after the secondary bag is empty

This solution pulls fluid out of the cells and into the veins.

Hypertonic

This solution moves fluid from the veins to the cells and interstitial spaces.

Hypotonic

A nurse administers dextrose 5% in water (D5W) IV solution. After the dextrose is metabolized, what type of solution is this?

Hypotonic - after it is metabolized, this leaves only free water, which is a hypotonic solution

A nurse is caring for a client who is receiving an antibiotic by intermittent intravenous infusion. The client reports feeling shortness of breath and is wheezing. Which of the following actions should the nurse take?

Initiate oxygen, call the rapid response team, elevate the head of the bed to 45°

This solution remains in the intravascular space.

Isotonic

What kind of solution is lactated Ringer's (LR)?

Isotonic

A nurse is caring for a client who has fluid overload following continuous IV infusion of 200 mL/hr. Which of the following actions by the nurse is appropriate?

Reduce the IV fluid rate

A nurse is monitoring a client who is receiving IV medication. The client reports dizziness and a feeling of chest tightness. The nurse notes that the client's face is flushed. These findings indicate which of the following systemic complications of IV therapy?

Speed shock

A nurse is caring for a client who is receiving norepinephrine by continuous IV infusion. During a routine assessment of the IV site, the nurse notes that the catheter is no longer in the vein and the vesicant medication has infused into the subcutaneous tissue. Which of the following actions should the nurse take?

Stop the infusion and prepare to administer an antidote - this will prevent damage to the surrounding tissue

A nurse is planning care for a client who is receiving IV therapy. Which of the following measures should the nurse include to prevent phlebitis?

Use a small-gauge catheter when initiating IV therapy

Lactated Ringer's (LR) is used to treat

acidosis - when a client receives lactate IV, the liver metabolizes it to form bicarbonate, which helps correct the acidosis

Hemolysis, or rupture of the cells, can occur with the administration of

hypotonic fluids

The common name for the IV solution 0.9% sodium chloride is

normal saline (NS)