Patho exam 3 (part 2)

A patient's emergency magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) has been examined by the physician and tPA has been administered to the patient. What was this patient's most likely diagnosis?

Ischemic stroke

Restoration of the integrity of myelin sheaths would likely result in a slowing or stopping of the progression of:

Multiple sclerosis (MS)

Common manifestations of acute meningococcal meningitis, a highly contagious and lethal form of meningitis, include:

neck pain

Coup and contrecoup cerebral contusion caused by blunt head trauma against a fixed object results in:

permanent brain tissue damage.

occurs in cases of bacterial meningitis?

Inflammation allows pathogens to cross into the cerebrospinal fluid.

A 60-year-old woman has been recently diagnosed with multiple sclerosis, a disease in which the oligodendrocytes of the patient's central nervous system (CNS) are progressively destroyed. Which physiologic process within the neurologic system is most likely be affected by this disease process?

Nerve conduction

The moderate stage of the progressive degenerative Alzheimer-type dementia is manifested by behaviors that include:

confusion.

A patient's recent diagnosis of Parkinson disease has prompted his care provider to promptly begin pharmacologic therapy. The drugs that are selected will likely influence the patient's levels of:

dopamine.

A sudden traumatic complete transection of the spinal cord results in _______ below the level of injury.

flaccid paralysis

John has been hit in the head with a baseball bat. The nurse knows which would be considered the earliest indicator of a brain injury?

Decreased level of consciousness

Which of the following statements by the husband of a patient with Alzheimer disease demonstrates an accurate understanding of his wife's medication regimen?

"I'm really hoping these medications will slow down her mental losses."

An elderly male patient has been brought to the emergency department after experiencing stroke-like symptoms a few hours ago, and has been subsequently diagnosed with an ischemic stroke. The care team is eager to restore cerebral perfusion despite the likely death of the brain cells directly affected by the stroke. What is the rationale for the care team's emphasis on restoring circulation?

Cells of the penumbra may be saved from hypoxic damage if blood flow is promptly restored.

An increase in ICP can lead to:

Decrease in cerebral perfusion

A high school senior sustained a concussion during a football game. Which of the following signs and symptoms would indicate the presence of postconcussion syndrome in the days and weeks following his injury?

Headaches and memory lapses

A patient has been diagnosed with a cerebral aneurysm and placed under close observation before treatment commences. Which of the following pathophysiologic conditions has contributed to this patient's diagnosis?

Weakness in the muscular wall of an artery

Myasthenia gravis is characterized by muscle weakness caused by antibody-mediated destruction of:

acetylcholine receptors.

The cardinal symptoms of Parkinson disease include:

bradykinesia.

The intracranial volume that is most capable of compensating for increasing intracranial pressure is the:

cerebrospinal fluid.

An intracranial epidural hematoma causes focal symptoms that can include:

ipsilateral pupil dilation.

1 / 1 pts Transient ischemic attacks (TIAs) are characterized by ischemic cerebral neurologic deficits that:

resolve within one hour of onset.

The earliest signs of decreased level of consciousness include:

restless, agitation

A late indicator of increased intracranial pressure is:

unequal pupil response.