BIO Final Exam Review (CH 1)
False
A chronic disease has a sudden onset and short duration.
True
A complication is a related disease or other abnormal state that develops in a person already suffering from a disease.
True
A disease can be recognized through its characteristic signs and symptoms.
Asymptomatic
A disease that causes no signs or symptoms is called an _____ disease. A. disorder B. asymptomatic C. syndrome D. prognosis
Terminal
A disease that will end in death is called a _____ disease. A. chronic B. palliative C. terminal D. exacerbation
False
A disorder is an abnormal structure or function characterized by a group of signs and symptoms that usually occur together.
Exacerbation
A period of _____ occurs when signs and symptoms grow more severe. A. exacerbation B. complication C. remission D. relapse
True
A relapse describes the return of a disease weeks or months after its apparent cure.
True
A remission may last days, months, or years, after which the disease can recur.
True
A significant disturbance in the homeostasis of the body leads to disease.
Complication
An example of a _____ is a person confined to bed with a serious fracture developing pneumonia due to inactivity. A. sequela B. complication C. remission D. relapse
Sequela
An example of a _____ is rheumatic fever causing permanent damage to the heart. A. sequela B. complication C. remission D. relapse
Etiology
An important aspect of any disease is its _____, or cause. A. idiopathic B. sequela C. etiology D. pathogenesis
Risk factors
By eliminating known _____ for a disease, a person may reduce the chance of developing that disease A. categories B. sequela C. risk factors D. etiology
Degenerative
In _____ diseases, the function or structure of the affected tissue or organs progressively deteriorates over time. A. inflammatory B. traumatic C. degenerative D. congenital
Homeostasis
In ____________, the body's organ systems normally maintain temperature, pH, blood composition, and fluid levels within a precise range. A. homeostasis B. disease C. health D. pathology
True
Inflammatory, autoimmune, and allergic diseases are the result of abnormal immune function.
Chronic
More than 75% of U.S. healthcare dollars go to treatment of _____ diseases instead of prevention, even though prevention would yield a significant reduction in healthcare costs. A. acute B. sequela C. chronic D. exacerbation
False
Signs and symptoms are measures of various physiological statistics in order to assess the most basic body functions, and vary with age, sex, weight, exercise tolerance, and physical condition.
Remission
Some diseases enter a period of _____ during which signs and symptoms subside or disappear. A. exacerbation B. relapse C. sequela D. remission
False
Symptoms are evidence of disease, observed on physical examination.
False
The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention acts as a coordinating authority on international public health.
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention
The _____ is the chief epidemiologic institution in the United States. A. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention B. Department of Health and Human Services C. World Health Organizations D. American Medical Association
Palliative
The goal of _____ treatment is to provide comfort and relieve pain. A. palliative B. preventable C. modifiable D. curative
Prognosis
The predicted course and outcome of the disease is known as the _____. A. prognosis B. relapse C. diagnosis D. exacerbation
True
The prognosis may state the chances for complete recovery, predict the permanent loss of function, or give probability of survival.
True
The study of disease includes study of its causes, mechanisms, signs and symptoms, treatments, and preventions.
Cure
Treatment aims to _____ a disease or reduce the severity of its signs and symptoms. A. prevent B. relapse C. cure D. exacerbate
Prevalence
____ is the percentage of a population that is affected with a particular disease at a given time. A. incidence B. prevalence C. morbidity D. mortality
Ultrasound
_____ analyzes the interaction of low-frequency sound waves with tissues to create moving images of internal organs. A. computed tomography B. radiography C. nuclear medicine D. ultrasound
Incidence
_____ data allows the determination of the impact and significance of a disease for a given population. A. incidence B. prevalence C. morbidity D. mortality
Pathogenesis
_____ describes how the cause of a disease leads to anatomical and physiological changes in the body that ultimately result in the disease. A. idiopathic B. sequela C. etiology D. pathogenesis
Metabolic
_____ diseases are caused by a disruption of the normal processes of converting food to energy on a cellular level. A. metabolic B. traumatic C. degenerative D. congenital
Morbidity
_____ is the number of cases of a disease in a population. A. incidence B. prevalence C. morbidity D. mortality
Mortality
_____ is the number of deaths that occur among people with a certain disease. A. incidence B. prevalence C. morbidity D. mortality
Diagnosis
_____ is the process of identifying a disease or disorder. A. diagnosis B. chronic C. prognosis D. acute
Inspection
_____ refers to a visual examination of the external surface of the body, its movements, and posture for abnormalities or evidence of disease. A. percussion B. auscultation C. palpation D. inspection
Computed tomography
_____ uses computers and x-rays to create three-dimensional images of internal structures. A. ultrasound B. nuclear medicine C. computed tomography D. radiography
Percussion
_____, producing sounds by tapping on specific areas of the body with fingers, hands, or small instruments, allows evaluation of the size, consistency, and borders of the body organs, and the presence or absence of fluid in body areas. A. auscultation B. palpation C. percussion D. inspection
Nuclear medicine
______ uses radioactive materials to create contrast in the body and help form images of the structure and function of organs. A. computed tomography B. radiography C. nuclear medicine D. ultrasound
Disease
_______ is a deviation from normal structure or function in the body that interrupts or modifies the performance of vital functions. A. homeostasis B. disease C. health D. pathology
Hereditary
Disease caused by an abnormality in an individual's genes or chromosomes. A. congenital B. nutritional C. hereditary D. metabolic
False
Equivalent to etiology, risk factors increase a person's chance of developing a disease?
Chronic
Examples of _____ diseases include heart disease, cancer, stroke, diabetes, and arthritis. A. chronic B. palliative C. terminal D. exacerbation
True
Congenital diseases can be acquired through heredity or acquired during development in the uterus.