BIO Final Exam Review (CH 1)

False

A chronic disease has a sudden onset and short duration.

True

A complication is a related disease or other abnormal state that develops in a person already suffering from a disease.

True

A disease can be recognized through its characteristic signs and symptoms.

Asymptomatic

A disease that causes no signs or symptoms is called an _____ disease. A. disorder B. asymptomatic C. syndrome D. prognosis

Terminal

A disease that will end in death is called a _____ disease. A. chronic B. palliative C. terminal D. exacerbation

False

A disorder is an abnormal structure or function characterized by a group of signs and symptoms that usually occur together.

Exacerbation

A period of _____ occurs when signs and symptoms grow more severe. A. exacerbation B. complication C. remission D. relapse

True

A relapse describes the return of a disease weeks or months after its apparent cure.

True

A remission may last days, months, or years, after which the disease can recur.

True

A significant disturbance in the homeostasis of the body leads to disease.

Complication

An example of a _____ is a person confined to bed with a serious fracture developing pneumonia due to inactivity. A. sequela B. complication C. remission D. relapse

Sequela

An example of a _____ is rheumatic fever causing permanent damage to the heart. A. sequela B. complication C. remission D. relapse

Etiology

An important aspect of any disease is its _____, or cause. A. idiopathic B. sequela C. etiology D. pathogenesis

Risk factors

By eliminating known _____ for a disease, a person may reduce the chance of developing that disease A. categories B. sequela C. risk factors D. etiology

Degenerative

In _____ diseases, the function or structure of the affected tissue or organs progressively deteriorates over time. A. inflammatory B. traumatic C. degenerative D. congenital

Homeostasis

In ____________, the body's organ systems normally maintain temperature, pH, blood composition, and fluid levels within a precise range. A. homeostasis B. disease C. health D. pathology

True

Inflammatory, autoimmune, and allergic diseases are the result of abnormal immune function.

Chronic

More than 75% of U.S. healthcare dollars go to treatment of _____ diseases instead of prevention, even though prevention would yield a significant reduction in healthcare costs. A. acute B. sequela C. chronic D. exacerbation

False

Signs and symptoms are measures of various physiological statistics in order to assess the most basic body functions, and vary with age, sex, weight, exercise tolerance, and physical condition.

Remission

Some diseases enter a period of _____ during which signs and symptoms subside or disappear. A. exacerbation B. relapse C. sequela D. remission

False

Symptoms are evidence of disease, observed on physical examination.

False

The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention acts as a coordinating authority on international public health.

Centers for Disease Control and Prevention

The _____ is the chief epidemiologic institution in the United States. A. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention B. Department of Health and Human Services C. World Health Organizations D. American Medical Association

Palliative

The goal of _____ treatment is to provide comfort and relieve pain. A. palliative B. preventable C. modifiable D. curative

Prognosis

The predicted course and outcome of the disease is known as the _____. A. prognosis B. relapse C. diagnosis D. exacerbation

True

The prognosis may state the chances for complete recovery, predict the permanent loss of function, or give probability of survival.

True

The study of disease includes study of its causes, mechanisms, signs and symptoms, treatments, and preventions.

Cure

Treatment aims to _____ a disease or reduce the severity of its signs and symptoms. A. prevent B. relapse C. cure D. exacerbate

Prevalence

____ is the percentage of a population that is affected with a particular disease at a given time. A. incidence B. prevalence C. morbidity D. mortality

Ultrasound

_____ analyzes the interaction of low-frequency sound waves with tissues to create moving images of internal organs. A. computed tomography B. radiography C. nuclear medicine D. ultrasound

Incidence

_____ data allows the determination of the impact and significance of a disease for a given population. A. incidence B. prevalence C. morbidity D. mortality

Pathogenesis

_____ describes how the cause of a disease leads to anatomical and physiological changes in the body that ultimately result in the disease. A. idiopathic B. sequela C. etiology D. pathogenesis

Metabolic

_____ diseases are caused by a disruption of the normal processes of converting food to energy on a cellular level. A. metabolic B. traumatic C. degenerative D. congenital

Morbidity

_____ is the number of cases of a disease in a population. A. incidence B. prevalence C. morbidity D. mortality

Mortality

_____ is the number of deaths that occur among people with a certain disease. A. incidence B. prevalence C. morbidity D. mortality

Diagnosis

_____ is the process of identifying a disease or disorder. A. diagnosis B. chronic C. prognosis D. acute

Inspection

_____ refers to a visual examination of the external surface of the body, its movements, and posture for abnormalities or evidence of disease. A. percussion B. auscultation C. palpation D. inspection

Computed tomography

_____ uses computers and x-rays to create three-dimensional images of internal structures. A. ultrasound B. nuclear medicine C. computed tomography D. radiography

Percussion

_____, producing sounds by tapping on specific areas of the body with fingers, hands, or small instruments, allows evaluation of the size, consistency, and borders of the body organs, and the presence or absence of fluid in body areas. A. auscultation B. palpation C. percussion D. inspection

Nuclear medicine

______ uses radioactive materials to create contrast in the body and help form images of the structure and function of organs. A. computed tomography B. radiography C. nuclear medicine D. ultrasound

Disease

_______ is a deviation from normal structure or function in the body that interrupts or modifies the performance of vital functions. A. homeostasis B. disease C. health D. pathology

Hereditary

Disease caused by an abnormality in an individual's genes or chromosomes. A. congenital B. nutritional C. hereditary D. metabolic

False

Equivalent to etiology, risk factors increase a person's chance of developing a disease?

Chronic

Examples of _____ diseases include heart disease, cancer, stroke, diabetes, and arthritis. A. chronic B. palliative C. terminal D. exacerbation

True

Congenital diseases can be acquired through heredity or acquired during development in the uterus.