Patho Repro Prep U
The client is diagnosed with vaginitis. What will the nurse assess? Select all that apply.
Inflammation of the vagina Vaginal discharge Burning and itching Pain with urination
A client has been diagnosed with acute cervicitis caused by Chlamydia trachomatis. Which clinical manifestation correlates to this diagnosis?
Mucopurulent drainage
The nurse is performing a newborn assessment on a 2-day-old male infant. Assessment reveals the presence of the urethral opening on the ventral side of the penis. The nurse would document this finding as being:
hypospadias
For males between 5 and 10 years of age, which cause of priapism is most common?
sickle cell anemia
The nurse is caring for a client with lichen simplex chronicus. What assessment finding does the nurse expect?
Gray-white plaques with an irregular surface
A 21-year-old college student has sought care because of the vaginal burning, itching, and redness that have become worse in recent weeks. Which assessment question by the clinician is most likely to apply to a diagnosis of vaginitis?
"Have you ever had a sexually transmitted infection?"
The nurse is teaching a client with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) about the condition. Which statement by the client indicates a need for further instruction?
"I developed this as a result of a sexually transmitted infection."
Which diagnosis is most likely to require surgical correction?
hypospadias
There are two types of vulvar cancer. One type is found in older women, and one type is found in younger women, generally less than 40 years of age. The type found in younger women is thought to be caused by:
HPV
The nurse has taught a 30-year-old female client to perform breast self-evaluation (BSE). Which statement by the client indicates correct understanding?
"I will palpate my breasts for lumps a few days after my period."
While working with a client with a fairly recent spinal cord injury, the partner asks about the couple's ability to maintain a sexual relationship. Which response by the nurse is most accurate?
"If the parasympathetic impulses can pass from the sacral segments of spinal cord through pelvic nerves, an erection should be possible."
In assessing a client with a fibroadenoma of the breast, what will the nurse find?
Firm, rubbery masses
Which of these complications does the nurse recognize may occur after illness with parotitis (mumps) in young men?
Orchitis with residual sterility
Which factor places a male client at risk for balanitis?
Uncircumcised penis
Erectile dysfunction is the inability to achieve and maintain an erection sufficient to permit satisfactory sexual intercourse. The nurse knows that there may be many causes of erectile dysfunction, and a psychogenic cause would include which of the following?
depression
Which assessment is most likely to reveal a potential exacerbation in a 70-year-old client's diagnosis of benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH)?
digital rectal exam
When explaining polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) to a newly diagnosed client, the health care worker states, "This ovarian dysfunction is caused by:
elevated LH
A client has been diagnosed with breast cancer following a suspicious mammogram followed by biopsy. The nurse who is planning this client's care should recognize that her prognosis is primarily dependent on the:
extent to which lymph nodes are involved.
A client has developed priapism. For which outcome is this client at risk?
impotence
Which client is at highest risk for developing acute bacterial prostatitis?
An older adult male diagnosed with frequent urinary tract infections testing positive for Gram-negative rods
What is a primary intervention for the nurse to implement for a client with pelvic inflammatory disease ?
Administer antibiotic therapy.
The health care provider suspects a diagnosis of endometriosis. Which procedure provides a definitive diagnosis?
Laparoscopy
Which complication is associated with prostatic hyperplasia?
urinary retention
A 45-year-old client reports "needing to bear down with urination," frequency, and occasional loss of urine when coughing. Based on symptoms, which diagnosis is most appropriate for this client?
Cystocele
A nurse who works in a fertility clinic is conducting a program on options for various fertility issues. The nurse judges that the participants understand the education when they identify that donor eggs are the best option for which woman?
42 year old
Which factor in a client's history is most likely related to the diagnosis of cervical squamous dysplasia?
HPV
Which clinical manifestation is most likely to accompany a diagnosis of vulvodynia?
Vulvar pain
Palliative care for clients diagnosed with terminal prostate cancer includes focal irradiation of symptomatic bone disease and:
pain control
The community health nurse is conducting a men's health class. Which of these does the nurse relate as the major role of the prostate?
It increases sperm motility.
A client diagnosed with endometriosis asks the nurse how it is that she did not know about this when she had it for so long. What is the nurse's best response?
"Its symptoms mimic those of other disorders "
What should the nurse teach the client about assessing for possible breast cancer?
"Perform monthly self-breast exams after menses."
What will the nurse teach the client who has a cervical polyp?
"Polyps typically are asymptomatic"
A client asks the health care provider to, "Explain brachytherapy, which is recommended for my cervical cancer." Which response by the nurse is most accurate?
"They will insert a radioactive device into your vagina and position it next to the cervix, so that curative levels of radiation are directly on the cancer site."
An older female client calls and reports, "Another cyst in my private area. I had this years ago, but after 15 years it has returned. What should I do?" Which advice should the health care provider give to this client?
"You should call and make an appointment. I would like to evaluate this further."
A female client with uterine leiomyomas asks the nurse about her risk of uterine cancer. Which statement best answers the question?
"Your leiomyomas may cause heavy periods but will not become cancerous."
Which sexually active woman most likely faces the highest risk of developing an ectopic pregnancy?
A 42-year-old who has decided to try to have one more child and has had her tubal ligation reversed
The client has a Bartholin cyst that has developed into an abscess. The nurse explains to the client the plan of care, including which treatments?
A catheter may be inserted to drain the cyst for several weeks.
Estrogen is an ovarian hormone that plays many roles in the reproductive cycle. The nurse understands that estrogen has which nonreproductive effect on the female?
Accelerates growth of long bones
A client has developed a 5-cm Bartholin cyst and is experiencing pain, tenderness, and dyspareunia. Which treatment regimen is commonly prescribed for this condition? Select all that apply.
Antibiotics Moist heat applications Drainage of cyst
Epididymitis can be sexually transmitted, or it can be caused by a variety of other reasons, including abnormalities in the genitourinary tract. What are the most common causes of epididymitis in young men without underlying genitourinary disease?
Chlamydia trachomatis and Neisseria gonorrhoeae
When caring for a group of clients, the nurse recognizes which of these individuals has increased risk for balanitis?
Client with a sexually transmitted infection
A female client reports a grayish-green nipple discharge in one breast. Which additional manifestation corresponds with a diagnosis of ductal ectasia?
Ductal inflammation with thickening
A client who has been diagnosed with premenstrual syndrome (PMS) asks if there is anything to help alleviate the symptoms. The best response would be:
Eat a diet low in simple sugars and high in protein.
A 27-year-old male developed mumps and was ill for several days. The client suddenly developed a fever and painful enlargement of the testes approximately 4 days after recovering. The nurse should suspect that the client has developed:
Orchitis
Which disorder of the female genitourinary system is most likely to result from a disruption in normal endocrine function?
PCOS
A client is experiencing oligomenorrhea. The nurse interprets this as:
infrequent menstruation with periods more than 35 days apart.
Which condition would the nurse expect a female client with human papillomavirus (HPV) to exhibit?
Cervical intraepithelial neoplasia
The nurse is caring for a client with acute superficial balanoposthitis. The nurse assesses for which of these signs or symptoms consistent with the diagnosis?
Redness of the glans penis and malodorous discharge
What is the most important discharge instruction for a female client with pelvic inflammatory disease (PID)?
Take all of the antibiotic
The nurse in the urology unit is teaching about medication to treat erectile dysfunction. The mechanism of action of most of these medications is that the medication:
promotes increase in blood flow to the corpora cavernosa.
In primary dysmenorrhea, when contraception is not desired, what is the treatment of choice?
Ibuprofen
Leiomyomas are smooth-muscle fibroid tumors that usually develop in which part of the reproductive system?
The corpus of the uterus
Which risk factor is associated with erectile dysfunction (ED) and considered preventable?
cigarette smoking
The nurse is teaching a client about screening for prostate cancer. Which information will the nurse teach the client about the prostate-specific antigen (PSA) test?
An elevated score on a PSA test does not necessarily indicate the presence of cancer.
A 38-year-old woman with proliferative breast changes of papilloma asks the nurse about her risk for breast cancer. Which statement of risk is correct?
Higher because of your papilloma
A client reporting low abdominal pain, purulent cervical discharge, and painful intercourse is diagnosed with pelvic inflammatory disease (PID). The provider educates the client about this disease mentioning which statement?
Is a polymicrobial infection of the upper reproductive tract
A woman reports to the primary healthcare provider that she experiences monthly changes before her menstrual cycle. Which statement demonstrates understanding of premenstrual disorders?
Many women report premenstrual emotional or physical changes.
The ovaries have a dual function. The nurse is able to explain to the client that any problems with the ovaries frequently cause which problem?
Menstrual and fertility problems
A client requests a prescription for sildenafil to assist him with achieving and maintaining an erection. Which type of medication would contraindicate the use of sildenafil?
Nitrate
A female client is being seen in the ED with complaints of lower abdominal pain, dyspareunia, back pain, purulent cervical discharge, and the presence of adnexal tenderness and painful cervix on bimanual pelvic examination. The nurse suspects the client has pelvic inflammatory disease (PID), and will assess the client for:
Number of sexual partners
The nurse on the urology unit teaches the nursing student that which test assists in detecting a recurrence of prostate cancer after prostatectomy?
PSA
A 75-year-old man presents at the clinic complaining of pain during intercourse and an upward bowing of his penis during erection. The client's history mentions an inflammation of the penis that was treated 3 months ago. The physician's physical examination of the client notes beads of scar tissue along the dorsal midline of the penile shaft. What would be the suspected diagnosis of this client?
Peyronie disease
An older female client is diagnosed with uterine prolapse. Which factors in her history increase her risk for this condition? Select all that apply.
Three living children Diabetic neuropathy Colon cancer
Ectopic pregnancies are true gynecologic emergencies and are considered the leading cause of maternal death in the first trimester. What diagnostic test would the nurse expect to have ordered for a suspected ectopic pregnancy?
Ultrasonography followed by serial hCG tests
A client is admitted with a prolonged and painful erection that has lasted longer than 4 hours. The nurse knows that this is a true urologic emergency, and that the cause is:
impaired blood flow in the corpora cavernosa of the penis.
During clinical skills lab, a student walks away from the "client" the student just catheterized. The faculty assesses the student's ability to clean up after the procedure and finds the student has not replaced the client's foreskin over the glans. Which problem will the faculty review with this student?
that tight foreskin can lead to ischemia at the penile tip
Endometriosis is characterized by painful hemorrhagic lesions in the pelvis, which may develop into which potential complication?
Pelvic adhesions
Based on the group that statistically has the greatest risk, the health care provider should assess which ethnic group for prostate cancer?
Black
An adolescent male comes to the urgent care clinic. Upon assessment, the following is noted: history of circumcision, erythema of the glans, and prepuce with a malodorous discharge. Based on symptoms, the probable diagnosis would be:
Acute superficial balanoposthitis
A client arrives in the emergency department complaining of severe pain in the left testicular area with nausea and vomiting for 2 hours. The left testicle is large and tender to palpation and radiating to the inguinal area. Which of the following reflexes can the nurse assess the absence of in order to indicate testicular torsion?
Cremasteric reflex
A school nurse is providing an informational session about the prevention of cervical cancer in young girls and women. The most important information for the nurse to present would be:
HPV vaccine before becoming sexually active
An adult male has been diagnosed with mumps orchitis. The nurse should educate the client regarding which complication associated with mumps orchitis?
Impaired spermatogenesis
A client is concerned about having mumps orchitis and asks the nurse about the symptoms. What is the nurse's best response?
Painful enlargement of the testes with fever 3 days after infection
The community health nurse is providing teaching about male health. Which of these should the nurse include in a discussion on common clinical manifestation of early testicular cancer? Select all that apply.
Small, painless testicular mass Slight enlargement of the testicles Heaviness of the scrotum
A client with symptoms of benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) is assessed according to the American Urological Association Symptom Index (AUASI). However, which factor is considered the single most important to assess when evaluating and treating BPH?
The man's own experiences
The vulva area is especially prone to skin infections. The nurse knows that this occurs because of:
Constant exposure to secretions and moisture
The nurse in the urology clinic is reviewing the chart of a client with erectile dysfunction. Which factor in the client's history does the nurse recognize is a hormone-based condition that may contribute to erectile dysfunction?
Hypogonadism
The nurse practitioner is reviewing risk factors for the development of pelvic inflammatory disease (PID) with a client. Which information is appropriate to include? Select all that apply.
Multiple sex partners Previous diagnosis of sexually transmitted infection Sexual intercourse before the age of 15 years
The pediatric nurse is teaching the parent of a newborn with hypospadias about the disorder. Which information does the nurse provide?
The opening of the urethra is found on the underside of the penis.
The nurse is caring for a client with significant benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) and hydronephrosis who is fearful of having corrective surgery. Which information is important for the nurse to convey?
The obstruction is causing urine to flow backward and cause kidney dysfunction.
A client asks, "What caused my acute prostatitis?" Which response by the nurse explains the most common cause of acute prostatitis?
Urethral infection with Escherichia coli
The nurse is assessing a client in the urology clinic with suspected benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH). Which client symptoms are consistent with BPH?
Urinary frequency Dribbling after urination Awakening at night to void
An overweight 50-year-old client presents with reports of erectile dysfunction (ED). What aspect of the client's health should the nurse prioritize as most important to assess?
cardiovascular
An adult male reports painful urination, rectal pain, fever/chills, general malaise and myalgia. Vital signs are: temperature, 101.7°F (38.7°C); blood pressure, 105/74 mm Hg; pulse, 98 bpm; respiration, 22 breaths/min. What condition should the health care provider suspect?
Acute bacterial prostatitis
A 50-year-old female client reports menorrhagia with no cramping. Which medical condition is a likely cause of these symptoms?
Anovulatory cycle
A 29-year-old client had a Papanicolaou smear performed during her most recent visit to her primary care provider. This diagnostic procedure aims to identify:
Atypical cervix cellular changes
The nurse is counseling a client with mild benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) on lifestyle changes that can reduce the urinary symptoms associated with this condition. What lifestyle interventions should the nurse include in this teaching? Select all that apply.
Avoid over-the-counter antihistamines. Avoid caffeinated beverages. Do not take fluids after 8 pm
A client on the urology floor who has BPH asks the nurse how the pharmacologic agent finasteride will help decrease the size of his prostate. Which principle explains the mechanism of action?
Blocking effects of androgens on the prostate
A 59-year-old woman with a recent diagnosis of breast cancer has begun a course of hormone therapy. What is the goal of this pharmacologic treatment?
Blocking effects of estrogen on the growth of malignant cells
The nurse in the urology office recognizes screening men at risk for prostate cancer includes which diagnostic measures?
Blood level of prostate-specific antigen (PSA) and digital rectal exam
A 22-year-old male client presents with an enlarged firm testis and scrotal edema and is suspected to have orchitis. The nurse includes what actions in the plan of care? Select all that apply.
Collection of urethral cultures Application of cold packs Elevation of the scrotum Restriction of client's activity
A 6-month-old infant has bilateral fully descended testicles and hypospadias with chordee present. How does the nurse explain the purpose of surgical repair for this condition?
Construct a urethral meatus at the tip of the glans and straighten the penis.
The nurse is teaching a male client about testicular cancer. Which risk factor does the nurse discuss as a major one for testicular cancer?
Cryptorchidism
Polycystic ovary syndrome is an endocrine disorder and a common cause of chronic anovulation. In addition to the clinical manifestations of PCOS, long-term health problems, including cardiovascular disease and diabetes, have been linked to PCOS. What drug has emerged as an important part of PCOS treatment?
Metformin
The nurse in the ER is caring for a client with lower abdominal pain that is greater on the right side and who has light vaginal spotting. When the client's human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) level is lower than normal, the nurse plans care for a client with:
Ectopic pregnancy
The nurse working in a fertility clinic is assessing a client's risk for fallopian tube obstruction. Which disorder places the woman at greatest risk for fallopian tube obstruction?
Endometriosis
A client comes to the clinic and informs the nurse that he was playing soccer and was kicked in the scrotal area on the right side. The nurse observes that the scrotal skin on the right side is dark red. What should the nurse suspect this client may have?
Hematocele
The mother of a 5-year-old boy brings him into the clinic because there is a firm feeling and swelling around one of his testes. What would the suspected diagnosis be?
Hydrocele
Which chronic health issues increase a man's risk for developing erectile dysfunction? Select all that apply.
Hypertension Hyperlipidemia Diabetes mellitus
A female client with blocked fallopian tubes seeks assistance at a fertility clinic. Which assisted reproductive technology will bring the greatest chance for conception?
IVF
A client calls the clinic and informs the nurse that he has sustained an erection for 3 hours and that it is extremely painful. The client has a history of sickle cell disease and this has not happened to him in the past. Which instruction should the nurse give to the client?
If the client does not seek medical attention, impotence may result.
Which statement(s) is true regarding priapism? Select all that apply.
It is not always related to sexual stimulation. Having sickle cell disease is a risk factor. It can result in ischemia of the erectile tissue of the penis
A client is diagnosed with vulvar carcinoma, which appears as an inconspicuous thickening of the skin resembling eczema or dermatitis and may produce few symptoms other than pruritus, local discomfort, and exudation. The nurse understands that the cancer metastasizes readily through which mode?
Multiple lymph channels
The nurse inserts a Foley catheter in an uncircumcised male client for the treatment of urinary retention and does not place the foreskin back over the glans penis. Several hours later, the client complains of severe pain at the catheter site and, when assessed, the nurse is unable to retract the foreskin. Which problem does the nurse know has occurred?
Paraphimosis
The parents of a newborn boy have decided against circumcision. The nurse emphasizes that, as the child grows, the mother must properly cleanse the area beneath the foreskin and to return the foreskin to the original position to prevent:
Paraphimosis
A client complains of acute retention of urine, frequency of urination, and a constant desire to empty the bladder, especially at night. The nurse expects that which diagnostic test will be completed to determine degree of urinary obstruction?
Postvoiding catheterization
A client has been diagnosed with endometriosis. What assessment finding does the nurse expect? Select all that apply.
Premenstrual pain Back pain Pelvic pain
The provider is assessing a client with a history of erectile dysfunction (ED) who is requesting a prescription for treatment. When assessing for additional information related to causes of ED, which information should the provider solicit from the client?
Presence of arterial occlusive disease
A 52-year-old male diagnosed with erectile dysfunction (ED) asks the nurse what will be implemented as a first option for treatment. The best response would be:
Psychosexual counseling and PDE-5 inhibitor medications
Priapism (a prolonged painful erection not associated with sexual excitement) can occur at any age. In boys, ages 5 to 10, what are the most common causes of priapism?
Sickle cell disease or neoplasms
The nurse has just completed the admission assessment of a client diagnosed with invasive penile cancer. The most likely plan of treatment will be:
Surgical removal of the affected area
Fibrocystic changes in the breast are not uncommon. How is the diagnosis of fibrocystic changes made?
Ultrasonography and mammography
A client is suspected to have small varicoceles in his left scrotum. Which assessment technique may help accentuate small varicosities?
Valsalva maneuver
For which cancers is a client infected with human papillomavirus (HPV) at increased risk? Select all that apply.
Vulvar Cervical Vaginal
A client is admitted into the emergency department with a sustained erection lasting 4 hours. Which initial treatment(s) does the nurse anticipate administering? Select all that apply.
analgesics ice packs hydrating measures
A client who has a history of untreated cervicitis tells the nurse that she is concerned about the risk of experiencing problems with fertility. The nurse explains that problems may result from:
ascending infection of the fallopian tubes.
An adult client reports persistent vaginal irritation and recurrent infections. In her history the physician notices that she recently has been prescribed antibiotics for a respiratory infection and concludes that it has affected her normal flora by:
causing the vaginal environment to be more alkaline than normal.
There are many cancers of the female reproductive system. The nursing student knows that the most readily detected and most easily cured cancer—if detected early—is:
cervical
A client comes to the clinic and informs the nurse that he was playing soccer and was kicked in the scrotal area on the right side. The nurse observes that the scrotal skin on the right side is dark red. What should the nurse suspect this client may have?
hematocele
The nurse is assessing a client with a collection of blood in the tunica vaginalis of the scrotum. How does the nurse correctly document this in the medical record?
hematocele