Pathophysiology Final

A client is informed they have latent Tuberculosis. The client asks the nurse what this means. The nurse's best answer is which of the following?

"Bacteria are present but not active or contagious"

Which age group of men are most at risk of developing testicular cancer?

15 - 25 years

The nurse working in the hospital emergency department is assigned to care for these four patients. Which patient will the nurse attend to first?

A 19 year old who has had an erection for "10 or 11 hours" and is complaining of severe pain. Wrong: A 65 year old with a history of prostate cancer and has palpable bladder distention. Wrong: A 55 year old with a chancre on his genitals. Wrong: A 20 year old with a swollen, painful scrotum who has a history of recent mumps infection.

A nurse is caring for a male client hospitalized with acute exacerbation of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Which of the following would the nurse expect to note on assessment of this client?

A hyperinflated chest noted on the chest x-ray

Urge Incontinence

A sudden, intense urge to urinate, followed by an involuntary loss of urine.

Which patient is most likely to be suffering from cholecystitis? A. Carmandy - a 17 year old female who has already had 3 sex partners B. Ronald - a 40 year old male who is overweight and has diabetes mellitus C. Anna - a 40 year old female who is overweight and has not gone through menopause D. a 50 year old overweight female who went through menopause at age 44 years

A. Carmandy - a 17 year old female who has already had 3 sex partners B. Ronald - a 40 year old male who is overweight and has diabetes mellitus C. Anna - a 40 year old female who is overweight and has not gone through menopause D. a 50 year old overweight female who went through menopause at age 44 years

Hydrocele

Accumulation of fluid along the outside layer of the testes

President John F. Kennedy had an adrenal gland problem. He fought fatigue, weakness, and depression, had difficulty maintaining enough weight and often would not stand up suddenly in the presence of those he was meeting with. What disease did John F. Kennedy have?

Addison's Disease

Which of the following can be a result of a genetic/chromosomal disorder?

All of these / look up

What are good teaching points for female patients to try to prevent UTIs?

Always pee after having sex Always urinate when you have the urge to go Always wipe front to back Drink plenty of water

Bernard has Chronic Kidney Disease and shows you his recent CBC results. He states that the doctor told him he might not have enough erythropoietin. He doesn't understand what this means. You know that this means his CKD may cause him to suffer from what disease?

Anemia

Millie is 5 ft. 6 in. tall and weighs 100 pounds. She diets hard to lose weight. When she looks in the mirror she sees many areas of her body that she thinks are too fat. What disease is Millie suffering from?

Anorexia Nervosa

What disease is often triggered by a fecolith?

Appendicitis

A chronic disease process is described as "An irritant causes inflammation and narrowing of the bronchiole airways." This describes which of the following disease processes?

Asthma

A patient has had a myocardial infarction (MI). The nurse knows that one of the most common causes of an MI is which of the following?

Atherosclerosis

The nurse is meeting with a patient who has recently been given a diagnosis of Pernicious Anemia. The nurse explains to a patient that she may have to receive periodic injections of...

B12

A client is a hospital inpatient admitted for exacerbation of his chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), and a respiratory therapist (RT) is assessing the client for the first time. Which of the following aspects of the patient's current state of health would be best characterized as a symptom rather than a sign? A. The RT hears diminished breath sounds to the patient's lower lung fields bilaterally. B. The patient's respiratory rate is 31 breaths/minute. C. The patient notes that he has increased work of breathing when lying supine. D. The patient's oxygen saturation is 83% by pulse oximetry.

C

The etiology of tuberculosis is which of the following? A . The virus Clostridium Tuberculinum B. Autoimmune response inside the lung causing inflammation C. The bacteria Mycobacterium Tuberculosis D. Chemical irritation inside the lining of the lung

C

A client is having shortness of breath, wheezing, chest tightness, and a change in his AP (anterior/posterior) diameter that resembles a "barrel chest". The oxygen saturation is 88%. The client most likely has which of the following diagnoses?

COPD

The diseases of chronic asthma, chronic bronchitis, or emphysema make up what common medical diagnosis?

COPD

Which of the following are possible etiologies (causes) of pneumonia?

COVID-19 virus Influenza virus Fungi Bacteria such as streptococcus pneumoniae

Annie is 6 y/o and has stomach symptoms along with a recent diagnosis of Influenza B. Why might Annie be at risk for a fluid volume deficit?

Children can experience vomiting or diarrhea with the flu, putting her at risk. Sweating form temperature fluctuation might work too.

Ulcerative Colitis and Chron's Disease make up the general disease of Inflammatory Bowel Syndrome. While_____ can be present anywhere along the GI tract from the mouth to the anus, _____ does not affect the small intestines.

Chron's disease Ulcerative colitis

A disease process develops slowly, lasts a longer length of time, and does not truly resolve. How would this disease process most likely be described?

Chronic

A woman gives birth to a small infant with a malformed skull. The infant grows abnormally slowly and shows signs of substantial congnitive and intellectual deficits. The child also has facial abnormalities that become more striking as it grows. The mother is upset that she may have caused this to happen. What might the nurse expect to find in the mother's pregnancy history?

Chronic alcohol use

Sickle cell anemia is characterized by a crescent shaped red blood cell. What problems can occur in a patient with sickle cell anemia?

Clumping of cells leading to ischemia Increased red blood cell destruction

After two days, a client named Jill is no longer experiencing nausea and vomiting from a virus. She still has no appetite and feels very tired, but the most acute symptoms are now gone. In analyzing the stages of infection regarding this virus, which stage of infection is she in?

Convalescent

Hans Selya described the three stages of the stress response as the general adaptation syndrome. The primary hormone released during the alarm stage is...

Cortisol

Edward is 4 y/o. His mother brings him to the clinic stating that he had a very difficult time sleeping last night due to a persistent cough that sounds like a seal barking. Edward is likely to be diagnosed with...

Croup

Infertility, a retractile testicle, or an acquired ascending testicle could all be manifestations of which disease?

Cryptorchidism

Moonface, fat deposits on back of shoulders, and gynecomastia are all ways that ______ can change a person's looks.

Cushing's Disease

A 3 y/o is being seen in the clinic. His mother reports that he has a hx of recurring upper respiratory tract infections, foul-smelling greasy stools, and that his skin tastes salty when she kisses him. What is the client's most likely diagnosis?

Cystic Fibrosis

What are three things that might cause acidosis?

DKA Salicylate OD Shock/Sepsis Severe diarrhea Renal Failure Drug overdose Pulmonary Edema Airway Obstruction COPD Chest trauma Neuromuscular Disease causing decreased respirations

Which of the following could be possible cause of erectile dysfunction?

Diabetes Mellitus Smoking Older Age Obesity

Varicocele

Dilated veins in the spermatic cord

A client is receiving 2 units of packed red blood cells for anemia (Hgb of 8.2). Twenty minutes into the first transfusion, the nurse observes the client has a flushed face, hives over upper body trunk, and is complaining of pain in lower back. The vital signs include pulse rates of 110 and BP drop to 95/56. What is the nurse's priority action?

Discontinue the transfusion

Most urinary tract infections (UTIs) are caused by what type of bacteria?

E Coli

Explain the pathogenesis of endometriosis and give at least one manifestation a person with endometriosis might exhibit.

Endometriosis is the growth of cells of the endometrium layer of the uterus in areas that are not inside the uterus . . . they still proliferate and slough off during the menstrual cycle. Most common manifestation is pain, especially at time of menses. Manifestations may also include cysts, scarring, adhesions, and infertility.

Epididymitis

Etiology usually comes from untreated STDs like chlamydia

T/F: Healthy adults are more susceptible to dehydration than other populations because they have low amounts of stored water in the body to compensate/

False

What things can cause a pulmonary embolus?

Fat (bone marrow) Amniotic fluid Clot embolus from DVT Air

Jugular venous distension would be an indication of

Fluid volume excess

Balanitis

Fungal infection of the glans of the penis

A gallstone moves into the common bile duct and gets stuck. Which organs may begin to show disease due to this obstructing gallstone?

Gallbladder and pancreas

Too much Growth Hormone leads to the manifestation of _____ Too little Growth Hormone leads to the manifestation of ____

Giantism Dwarfism

What is the most common cause of Peptic Ulcer Disease? Luckily with proper treatment this cause can be cured.

H. pylori

Which of the following help provide a buffer system in the ECF?

Hemoglobin system Bicarbonate system Plasma protein system

Kegan is a 30 year old man who has been homeless for the past 5 years. He presents to your clinic complaining of flu-like symptoms and abdominal pain. He has multiple tattoos, some appearing quite crude, and admits to a long history of intravenous drug use and unprotected sex with multiple male and female partners. Which type or types of hepatitis is Kegan most at risk for?

Hepatitis B and C

A particular disease has a debilitating effect on the ability of sufferees to perform their activities of daily living and is a significant cause of decreased quality of life. However, few people die as a result of the disease's direct effects. How would we best describe this disease?

High morbidity, low mortality

Haleigh has type-II diabetes. Her blood sugar today is 750. She has insulin in her blood, but her cells are not using it. She has a dry mouth and has been urinating frequently. What disease are you concerned for in Haleigh?

Hyperosmolar Hyperglycemic Syndrome

The nurse touches Molly tempol, which causes Molly to tense her face up toward the right side. This is known as Chvostek's sign and indicated Molly may have...

Hypocalcemia

Walt has been infected with Samonella and has had diarrhea and vomiting. While awaiting bloodwork to be completed the nurse anticipates that he may have which electolyte imbalance.

Hypokalemia

A congenital disorder where the urethral opening is located on the underside of the penis near the scrotum would be known as _____.

Hypospadias

Suzy is admitted to the hospital with extreme cyanosis. Other signs include an increase in heart rate, peripheral vasocanstriction, increase in blood pressure, diaphoresis, and impairment of mental performance. Suzy is suffering from...

Hypoxemia

Pericarditis in its most extreme form could lead to cardiac tamponade. How could cardiac tamponade lead to cardiogenic shock?

If the cardiac tampanode is severe enough, it could put an extreme amount of pressure on and around the heart that it would eventually be unable to beat, leading to cardiogenic shock.

Arthur states that he has many older family members with Chronic Kidney Disease. He wants to know how to best protect himself from this disease. Which of your following answers are correct?

If you have diabetes mellitus, be sure to control it well. If you have hypertension, be sure to control it well. If you smoke, stop. If you don't smoke, don't start.

Your patient came in with some respiratory problems. You identify that they are retaining too much carbon dioxide. What should the nurse do to encourage the patient to excrete more CO2?

Increase ventilation in order to "blow off" more CO2

Prostatis

Inflammation of the prostate, generally from bacteria, trauma, or stress

Bartholin Cyst

Inflammation or infection that shows up next to the vulva in women, often needs lanced or a Word Catheter placed

Amanda is having episodes of lightheadedness and weakness. She is found to have an irregular heart rhythm and a potassium level of 7.2. She is in immediate need of something to correct her potassium imbalance. The nurse anticipates giving 2 drugs immediately. What 2 drugs are likely to be given? What is the nurse expecting them to do?

Insulin - shifts ECF potassium to ICF Calcium - stabilizes the electrical gradient around the heart cells until potassium is removed

Overflow Incontinence

Involuntary loss of urine when there is any intravesicular pressure in the bladder

What are 2 reasons that Ascites develops in cirrhosis liver failure?

Lack of albumin and other proteins makes intravascular lose osmotic property to retain fluid Pressure back up from difficulty moving blood through liver causes fluid to leak out

Atresia

Lack of the valve opening that would otherwise allow blood flow

Betty knows you are in nursing school, so she calls you for advice. She explains that she has been diagnosed with COVID-19. She dies not want to go to the hospital, but she is having trouble sleeping, due to some mild shortness of air. What might you suggest she try at home to ease her breathing?

Lay on her stomach to rest

A client has congestive heart failure. The symptoms include dyspnea and shortness of breath. The nurse would expect which side of the heart to be most affected?

Left

A client presents with the following symptoms: -fever off-and-on for several weeks -weakness and weight loss -swollen lymph nodes -petechiae and night sweats -history of three infections in the last two months The nurse suspects which of the following disease processes?

Leukemia

In basic terms, what is lithotripsy?

Lithotripsy is a shock-wave therapy used to treat kidney or gallbladder stones.

A client with a known history of right and left sided heart failure is brought to the emergency department with complaints of shortness of breath. Assessment reveals a full, bounding pulse, severing pitting edema in the ankles, and audible crackles in the lower lung fields bilaterally. The nurse notifies the physician to obtain orders for which of these problems?

Look up

A routine ultrasound of a 38-year-old woman of 26 weeks' gestation reveals a fetus with a small square head, upward slant of the eyes, and low set ears. The nurse recognizes that these findings are consistent with which of the following?

Look up

The community nurse has noticed a trend in her area of a sudden increase in the number of ovarian cancer causes in the last year. This is an example of which of the following?

Look up

Treatment for Polycythemia Vera could include

Look up

Stress Incontinence

Loss of urine during times of increased intra-abdominal pressure exerted on the bladder by things like coughing, sneezing, laughing, exercising or lifting

Elle has low sodium. Her chloride is likely to be...

Low Decreased

Christine has severe pitting edema only in her left arm. No other parts of her body are affected. What body system is likely involved in her current disease?

Lymph system

According to the movie shown in class, which cells are primarily responsible for fighting off Salmonella bacteria?

Macrophages

Erythrocytes of a person who has iron deficiency anemia would have what characteristics?

Microcytic Hypochromic

Left Sided Heart Failure could cause the following symptoms.

Moist crackles when listening to lung fields with a stethascope Shortness of breath Dyspnea on Exertion

Abnormal Uterine Bleeding refers to alterations in bleeding patterns in females related to menstruation. What are 3 ways that abnormal uterine bleeding can be expressed?

More blood than is normal/expected Bleeding comes too often Irregular pattern of bleeding

A client is experiencing an episode of high blood sugar. The body reacts by excreting chemicals that cause the pancreas to release increased amounts of insulin. The blood sugar returns to normal and the excreted chemicals decrease, causing the pancreas to return to a normal release of insulin. This is an example of what kind of body adaptation?

Negative feedback

The etiology of hydronephrosis could be . . .

Nephrolithiasis

Sign

Objective manifestation noted by an outside observer

A patient presents to the ER with complaints of dizziness and fainting upon standing. Sitting, the patient's blood pressure reads 155/78. However, upon standing the patient's blood pressure drops to 88/58. What condition is the patient likely exhibiting?

Orthostatic hypotension

The following is observed on an ABG pH: 7.15 PaCO2: 46 HCO3: 34 What diagnosis can you provide?

Partially compensated respiratory acidosis

The following is observed on an ABG pH: 7.55 PaCO2: 20 HCO3: 19 What diagnosis can you provide?

Partially compensated respiratory alkalosis

Emmy is 20 years old. She has recently been "exploring" sexually with several partners. She is having vaginal discharge and some pelvic area pain. During her vaginal exam, she screams in pain when the practitioner manually moves her cervix. What serious disease are you concerned that Emmy may have that could lead to permanent infertility if not quickly treated?

Pelvic Inflammatory Disease (PID)

You are reviewing the medication list for Edna. Which drug would trigger you to counsel Edna on ways to avoid constipation?

Percocet - an opioid pain medication Lisinopril - a hypertension medication Nitrofuratonin - an antibiotic Humalog - a type of insulin

An eldery client is being seen by his care provider for pain in his legs when he exercises. The provider also notices opaque toe nails, cool skin below the knees, and an open ulceration on his left calf that the client reports has been there for 'a while and just won't heal'. The most likely diagnosis for this client would be which of the following?

Peripheral vascular disease

Which of the following is an example of passive immunity?

Placental transfer of antibodies

The following is a picture of a disease process involving the filling of the alveolar sacs with fluid or pus. This disease process is called _____. This disease is often caused by bacteria. Proper treatment would include _____ along with supportive care such as oxygen and bronchodilaters.

Pneumonia Antibiotics

Teratogenic agent

Produce abnormalities during embyotic or fetal development

Bella is a 5-day old infant in the pediatric clinic where you are working. She is losing weight, despite being hungry frequently and eating well. Every time she eats, she vomits several minutes later. What disease are you concerned is affecting Bella?

Pyloric Stenosis

Which patient is most at risk for a diagnosis of Fluid Volume Excess?

Ralph who suffers from congestive heart failure

Which of the following are modifiable risk factors for hypertension?

Salt intake, smoking, obesity, and large consumption of alcohol

A malignant cancer is spreading by dropping cells into the peritoneal cavity. These cells implant on other organs in the cavity and begin to grow. This is an example of which mood of cancer transmission?

Seeding of cancer cells

Pathogenesis

Series of internal events taking place after initial contact with a disease

Andrew is a 15 year old male who has been having fevers, sore throat, and swollen occipital lymph nodes. He has just received test results stating that he has Infectious Mononeucleosis. The healthcare provider has advised that he cannot participate in football for several weeks. Why has he been given this advice to avoid contact sports like football?

Since Andrew has mono, the nurse advised he not participate in football due to the possibility he rupture his spleen apon contact from a hit.

Spermatocele

Sperm containing cysts between the testes and the epididymis

Chest pain that occurs with exertion, then stops within 20 minutes, is known as

Stable angina pectoris

Frank has just received the devastating news he has non-small cell lung cancer present in his lungs and lymph nodes. They have not found cancer in any other parts of his body. What stage lung cancer does Frank have?

Stage 2

Which disease is often first diagnosed when a chancre lesion is found on the genitalia?

Syphilis

What is likely the leading cause of the development of multi-drug resistant TB?

TB must be treated for an extended period of time, up to 9 months. People have a difficult time with this, and stopping the treatment early allows increased opportunity for the bacteria to become resistant to antibiotics.

Norman accidently for stabbed in the left side of his chest wall with a long needle. When he breathes in, air leaks into his chest cavity, but the hole seals over when he exhales so air does not leak back out. As air keeps leaking in, the pressure in his chest cavity exceeds that of the atmosphere. His heart shifts towards the right side and his trachea deviates to the right. Norman is suffering from a...

Tension pneumothorax

Which of the following aspects of a client's health would be best characterized as a symptom rather than a sign?

The client states that he has increased work of breathing when lying supine.

One symptom of BPH in a male could be difficulty initiating a urine stream, or a weak urine stream. Explain why this symptom occurs.

The enlarged prostate surrounds the urethra, placing pressure on it, causing difficulty urinating and small urine flow.

Anabelle's nurse educated her to suck in hard candy to help control her cough. What physiological mechanism allows this to work?

The nerve that controls coughing is the same nerve that controls swallowing. By keeping Anabelle's nerve busy swallowing, it will have less ability to make her cough.

Following a biopsy, a client has been diagnosed as having a benign neoplastic tumor. Which of the following characteristics most likely applies to the tumor

The well-differentiated, neoplastic cells are clustered together in a single mass and are not growing quickly

A client has a congestive heart failure (CHF) and asks a nurse how long he has to be on the medications before he is cured. Which of the following is the accurate response for the nurse to make?

There is no cure for CHF, but we hope to control your symptoms with medication

Hilda is about 5 weeks pregnant, and has just received news that she has an ectopic pregnancy. She asks you what the chances that her baby will be alright are. How do you respond?

There is no way for a fetus to survive in an ectopic pregnancy.

Explain why premature babies might be prone to atelectasis?

They may lack surfactant. Can give artificial surfactant

Phimosis

Tightening of the foreskin preventing it from being able to retract over the glans

Which of the following is a genetic abnormallity with an additional chromosome?

Trisomy 21

T/F Treatment that provide passive immunity are available for COVID-19 for patients at high risk for getting serious illness once infected.

True

There are no direct symptoms of AIDS. Symptoms only include those of secondary disease.

True

Kaitlyn was diagnosed with insulin deficiency at age 6 years. You know Kaitlyn has . . .

Type-I diabetes mellitus

Why are antibiotics typically ineffective for upper respiratory infections?

URIs are typically viral and antibiotics won't work against viruses.

The following is observed on an ABG: pH: 7.17 PaCO2: 35 HCO3: 12 What diagnosis can you provide?

Uncompensated metabolic acidosis

Nocturnal Enuresis

Urinating in bed unknowingly at night, mostly referred to in children

A woman who has given birth 12 hours prior is displaying signs and symptoms of disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC). The client's husband is confused as to why a disease of coagulation can result in bleeding. How should the nurse respond to his question?

What your wife is experiencing is clotting in the wrong areas of her body. We need to resolve these clots so her clotting factors and platelets can be free to move to the area she is currently bleeding at. --Mikaleigh

Cystocele

When the bladder pushes in the vaginal wall

Paraphimosis

When the foreskin becomes tight under the glans

Uterine Prolapse

When the uterus can be seen in the vaginal canal

Rectocele

When the vaginal wall is pushed in posterioly

What are 3 tips you can provide to clients to help avoid constipation?

You need to drink lots of water. You need to increase your fiber intake. If you are feeling constipated you can take a stool softener.

Bridgete suffers from Graves Disease. Her family brings her into the Emergency Department one day with a very high fever, tachycardia, and restlessness. You quickly recognize that this could be an emergency situation if she is having _____.

a Thyroid Storm

Olga presents to the clinic stating symptoms at home of dysuria, urinary frequency, and bad smelling urine for 4 days. Today she also has been vomiting and has a fever. You suspect that she has . . .

a urinary tract infection that has progressed to pyelonephritis.

Fat around the _____ seems to have the most impact on risk for cardiovascular complications.

abdomen

Walter is in the hospital and has a nasogastric (a tube that goes through the nose into his stomach) that is attached to a suction and is removing most of his stomach contents throughout the day. He also has IV fluids running at a rate that replaces his normal fluid loss. He is at risk for...

alkalosis

Cardiomeagly

an enlarged heart

Cells within a piece of damaged tissue adapt to the injury by decreasing in size. This is an example of which type of cellular adaptation?

atrophy

Acute pancreatitis involves activated pancreatic enzymes that escape into surrounding tissues to cause ______.

autodigestion

Normal Urine should . . .

be sterile.

A ______ aneurysm does not completely surround the affected blood vessel and is most often located in the brain along the circle of Willis.

berry

Jaundice is caused by the build up of what substance? It may be seen in the skin or eyes.

billirubin

During cardiogenic shock...

blood pressure decreases because the heart is not pumping effectively.

Edwin has cirrhosis of the liver. This has led to varicosities in his esophagus, and he has been throwing up. You suspect he may have a bleeding varicose vein in his throat. What clue about his emesis may strengthen your conclusion that he has a bleeding esophageal varicosity.

bright red blood in his emesis

Renal calculi are most commonly composed of . . .

calcium deposits

Elevated Calcium can be a sign of

cancer

Gross Total Incontinence

continuous leaking of urine or the periodic uncontrollable leaking of volumes of urine

In infectious rhinistis, the increased risk for a secondary infection is due to...

damage to cilia and mucous lining

Brad has type-I diabetes. He states he has been feeling very weak, unwell and has been nauseated. His blood sugar is 324 today. You notice that there is a slight fruity smell coming from his breath. What disease are you concerned about with Brad?

diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA)

LeRoy is a 6 year old. He presents with mild cyanosis, looks scared, and insists on sitting in a tripod position. The healthcare provider is very concerned that he might have inflammation of his...

epiglottis

Treatment for hemophilia A includes:

factor VIII replacement

Common Upper Respiratory Infections can be spread form one host to another by...

fomites salivary transfer aerosolized droplets

The nurse is visiting with her patient, Albert. Albert states the physician told him he has an empyema. This nurse explains to Alber that...

he has pus accumulated in the space around his lung

A painful inflammation of the urinary bladder wall, which may or may not contain Hunner Ulcers, is known as _____.

interstitial cystitis

Cells within a piece of damaged tissue adapt to the injury by producing more cells. This is an example of which type of cellular adaptation?

look it up

HIV infection causes immunodeficiency because it:

look it up

Mary is heterozygous for blue eyes, a recessive trait. John is homozygous for brown eyes, a dominant trait. What color eyes will their four children have?

look it up

A congenital heart defect occurs at birth. What defect occurs in coarctation of the aorta?

look up

A couple is heterozygous for a disease. One of their four children expresses the disease. What is the best way to describe the gene expressed by the one of four children?

look up

A multidisciplinary health care team operates a program aimed at the prevention, identification, and treatment of diabetes on a large Indian reservation. Which of the following aspects of the program would be most likely to be classified as secondary prevention?

look up

Infective endocarditis is caused by an infection of the endocardium of the heart valves. A clump of plateltes, fibrin, microorganisms, and white blood cells that develops on the valve is referred to as a ____.

look up

Naturally occuring re-routing of blood flow around a vascular blockage is called [___a____] circulation. A treatment where a surgeon artificially re-routes blood flow around a vascular blockage is called a [____b____]

look up

Seeing evidence of a trait in a person is called

look up

Skin turgor is a way to test for

look up

What type of shock would be expected in a trauma patient?

look up

Which of the following statements is an accurate description of the role of viruses in human infections?

look up

[blank] lipoprotein is considered "good cholesterol". It is considered good because [short answer].

look up?

Wanda has elevated Calcium. Her Phosphorus is likely to be___

low

You have just received a urine sample from Matilda. Despite that it takes you as long as 15 minutes to get the sample prepared and sent to the lab for testing, you note that the urine is still cloudy and frothy. You recognize that this may mean there is protein and fat in the urine and that Matilda may be suffering from . . .

nephrotic syndrome

An RN develops a treatment plan for a client with Stage 4 pancreatic cancer. One component of the plan includes a pain pump. The client only sees her physician if she develops an acute illness. Which of the following is the most likely intended outcome of this client's treatment plan?

palliative

Functional Incontinence

physical inability to reach the toilet in time when there is a need to urinate, generally referred to in older adults

Congestive heart failure would be a(n) _____ cause of renal failure.

prerenal

A thrombus is a ___. Whearas an embolus is a ___.

stationary blood clot; a blood clot that is traveling around the body

Symptom

subjective manifestation noted by the person who is sick

The reason that antibiotic therapy predisposes women to volvovaginal candidiasis is that it . . .

suppressed the normal protective flora.

abi

the bestest soon to be sister in law ever

Etiology

the cause of a disease

Morbidity

the causes of death in a population

In type-II diabetes, the primary pathophysiological problem is . . .

the cells resistance to using insulin that is present.

Chloe is 5 years old and has been sick for 3 days. She has just tested positive for Influenza A. Chloe's mother asks what she can do to prevent Chloe's two sisters from getting sick. The nurse educates Chloe's mom that...

the flu is most contagious 1 day before symptoms and the incubation period is 1-4 days, so her sisters have already been exposed. It is likely you will know of they are going to get the flu within the next couple of days.

In Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy...

the heart enlarges and stretches causing a weakening of the heart muscles

Stenosis

the narrowing of an opening created by a heart valve

Maddy has been having frothy vaginal discharge. On her vaginal exam, the practitioner notes her cervix is red and has features similar to a strawberry. It is determined she has _____, a disease caused by protozoa.

trichamoniasis or trich

Reguritation

when blood leaks backward through a heart valve