Pediatric

Doctor orders Zithromax for a child that weighs 82 lbs. The safe dose range for this medication is 10-12 mg/kg/day. What is the maximum safe daily dose for this child? A. 447.3 mg/day B. 984 mg/dose C. 347 mg/dose D. 586.8 mg/dose

A. 447.3 mg/day

When should a child receive the first dose of the Hepatitis B vaccine? A. Birth B. 2 months C. 4 months D. 6 months

A. Birth

You're helping develop a meal plan for a 10-month-old. Which foods will you select to be part of the meal plan? Select all that apply: A. Mashed potatoes B. Grapes C. Soup D. Toast with honey

A. Mashed potatoes

An infant weighed 8 lbs. at birth. How many lbs. should the infant weigh at 6 months? A. 24 lbs B. 10 lbs C. 16 lbs D. 32 lbs

C. 16 lbs

Doctor orders Amoxil for a child that weighs 63 lbs. The safe dosage range for this medication is 50 mg/kg/day every 8 hours. What is the safe dose for this child per dose? A. 211.8 mg/dose B. 47.9 mg/dose C. 1,187.3 mg/dose D. 477.3 mg/dose

D. 477.3 mg/dose

A 5 year-old patient is admitted with a broken left arm. His arm is immobilized. What nursing intervention is age apporiate for this child regarding his hospitalization? a· Discourage school friends from visiting the patient due to embarrassing the child because of his immobilized arm. b· Explain procedures in simplistic terms without diagrams. c· All the child to help with bathing, feeding, and changing bandages. d· Assess the 5 year old for questions about his appearance and the effects of how his injury will affect the future.

c· All the child to help with bathing, feeding, and changing bandages.

You're teaching a new mom of a 1-week-old infant on how to prevent SIDS (Sudden Infant Death Syndrome). Which statement by the parent requires you to re-educate the parent on this topic? A. "The best sleeping position for the baby is on their side or tummy". B. "It's okay to share the same room with the baby." C. "I will stop swaddling the baby once he can roll over onto his tummy". D. "I will be sure to remove extra blankets and toys from the baby's bed."

A. "The best sleeping position for the baby is on their side or tummy".

A parent verbalizes concern about her 3-year-old stammering while pronouncing words and asks for suggestions. Which statement by the nurse to the parent is NOT an appropriate intervention regarding the child's stammering? A. "When the child stammers help the child finish the word." B. "Encourage the child to take their time as they speak." C. "It is normal for a child to stammer during this time and should subside." D. "Be patient and listen attentively to the child as she speaks."

A. "When the child stammers help the child finish the word." Option A is not an appropriate intervention for a child who stammers because it can further complicate the issue. Stammer is normal during the preschool years due to the explosion of the vocabulary and should subside once the child becomes proficient with speaking. The other options are correct interventions.

Doctor orders an IV drip of Dopamine for a child that weighs 78 lbs. The safe dosage range for this medication is 5-20 mcg/kg/min. What is the safe dosage range for this child? A. 177.3-709.1 mcg/min B. 289.6-652.3 mcg/min C. 152.4-189.5 mcg/min D. 250-350 mcg/min

A. 177.3-709.1 mcg/min

Doctor orders Benadryl for a child that weighs 98 lbs. The safe dose range for Benadryl is 5 mg/kg/day. What is the safe dosage for this child? A. 222.7 mg/day B. 124.6 mg/day C. 123.8 mg/day D. 896 mg/day

A. 222.7 mg/day

What interventions below should the nurse implement to help the adolescent cope with prolonged hospitalization? Select all that apply: A. Allow the patient to wear their own clothes. B. Reassure the patient that procedures are not meant as punishment. C. Restrict visitors to family members. D. Encourage the patient to participate in recreational room activities.

A. Allow the patient to wear their own clothes. D. Encourage the patient to participate in recreational room activities. Option A allows the patient to have control and option D allows the teen to socialize which is very important to them.

Your patient, who is 2 years old, is having a temper tantrum. What actions below are not appropriate for dealing with this situation? Select-all-that-apply: A. Attempt to stop the tantrum B. Protect the child from hurting themselves C. Ignore the behavior D. Reason with the child E. Leave the child alone until the tantrum stops F. Be consistent with your approach

A. Attempt to stop the tantrum D. Reason with the child E. Leave the child alone until the tantrum stops The question asked which actions would you NOT do during this tantrum and these are the options that you would not do during a tantrum. Options B, C, F would be interventions to perform during the tantrum.

According to Erickson's Stages of Psychosocial Development what is the outcome for the school-age child to obtain during this stage? A. Competency B. Trust C. Sense of Purpose D. Love

A. Competency The school-age child is yearning to accomplish things through developed skills they will or have acquired. Accomplishments give them a sense of satisfaction and they feel confident, which makes them feel like a competent person in the world they live. The goal from this stage is competency.

A 4 year old is scheduled for routine immunizations. As the nurse you know the physician will most likely order what vaccinations? A. DTaP (diphtheria, Tetanus, Pertussis) B. Polio C. Hepatitis B D. RV (Rotavirus) E. MMR (Measles, Mumps, Rubella) F. Hib (Haempophilus Influenzae Type B) G. Varicella

A. DTaP (diphtheria, Tetanus, Pertussis) B. Polio E. MMR (Measles, Mumps, Rubella) G. Varicella

The mother of a toddler verbalizes her child has become a picky eater. What are some strategies the mother can implement to help her child? Select-all-that-apply: A. Have small easy to grab nutritious snacks available rather than 3 large meals a day B. Give the child new foods to try C. Use the same plate and cup for meals D. Offer food items that are mixed

A. Have small easy to grab nutritious snacks available rather than 3 large meals a day C. Use the same plate and cup for meals Toddlers are grazers so they do better with small nutritious snacks rather than large meals. Plus, they tend not to like foods that are mixed like stir-fry or casseroles and are not likely to try new foods (most prefer to eat the same thing).

According to Erickson's Stages of Psychosocial Development, the adolescent is in the ________ vs. __________ stage with a goal to develop ____________. A. Identity vs. Role Confusion; fidelity B. Industry vs. Inferiority; competence C. Intimacy vs. Isolation; fidelity D. Initiative vs. Guilt; purpose

A. Identity vs. Role Confusion; fidelity

During an assessment of a 10-month-old infant, you note on the infant's gum line two teeth that have erupted. These are the only teeth present in the infant's mouth. These teeth are known as the?* A. Lower central incisors B. Upper central incisors C. Lateral incisors D. Canine

A. Lower central incisors

A 15-year-old patient is struggling with body image. The patient verbalizes they are not happy with how they look and feel "ugly". The nurse knows that what factors below can affect an adolescent's body image? Select all that apply: A. Peers B. Puberty changes C. Media D. Competitive sports

A. Peers B. Puberty changes C. Media Due to all the changes that occur during puberty and major peer influence in the teen's life, body image can be affected which can affect the teen's self-esteem and self-concept. This can lead to depression, eating disorders, and more. The teenager will compare their body changes to their peers. In addition social media and regular media (magazines, tv etc.) does not help with this because it gives a false perception of what is real vs. filtered/fake. This isn't just a girl thing but boys also struggle too.

A preschooler is in what stage of development according to Piaget's Theory? A. Preoperational B. Concrete operational C. Formal operational D. Sensorimotor

A. Preoperational A preschooler is in the preoperational stage of cognitive development. This stage includes children 2-7 years.

What is an example of animism in a 3-year-old child? Select the most appropriate option below: A. The child leaves the T.V. on while she plays outside so her doll won't become bored. B. The child dresses up in a doctor outfit. C. The child uses a stick as a sword to slay dragons. D. The child copies her mother by putting on jewelry and high heels.

A. The child leaves the T.V. on while she plays outside so her doll won't become bored. Animism is where the preschooler thinks inanimate objects (ex: toys) are living things and have feelings like they do.

Tanner Stages can be used to help determine an adolescent's stage of puberty. You have a 13-year-old female patient. What information does the nurse need to collect in order to use this scale for puberty determination? Select all that apply:(Required) A. pubic hair growth B. hip girth C. age of menarche D. breast development E. BMI

A. pubic hair growth D. breast development The answers are A and D. Tanner Stages is a 5-point scale that can be used to help determine how far along a person is in the puberty period. This scale goes from 1 to 5 (with 5 being mature). It grades girls based on breast development and pubic hair growth, and it grades boys based on genital (penis and scrotum) development and pubic hair growth.

You're providing car seat safety education to a mother of an 18-month-old. Which statement by the mother requires you to re-educate her about this topic? A. "The safest place for the child is in the back seat." B. "A child is switched to a forward-facing car seat at 12 months." C. "A child less than 24 months of age should be in a rear-facing care seat." D. "My son sits in a rear-facing car seat in the back of the car."

B. "A child is switched to a forward-facing car seat at 12 months." The other statements are correct. Option B is wrong because it should say: A child is switched to a forward-facing car seat at 24 months (2 years)...NOT 12 months.

The mental health nurse is assessing an adolescent patient for signs of risk of suicide. Which statement by the patient requires immediate intervention? A. "I'm so tired lately." B. "I've got out a plan on how to get out of this life." C. "People are such a drain on my life." D. "All I do is make a mess for everyone."

B. "I've got out a plan on how to get out of this life." This statement is the most alarming because the patient is communicating they have a plan on how to end their life. This requires immediate intervention and should be taken seriously. Other signs of risk of suicide: leaving messages on social media or hints that they want to die, expressing they hate life, telling people goodbye, outburst of anger or depression, giving away things they own, have a plan (written it or shared it), recent traumatic event (death, bullied, rejection)

You're teaching a group of new moms about how to assess toilet training readiness in their toddler. Which statement by a participant demonstrates they did NOT understand the education provided: A. "I should start potty training once my child has had a dry diaper for 2 hours or more." B. "It is best to start night-time potty training before day-time potty training." C. "Having regular bowel movements is a sign of potty training readiness." D. "My child can sit on the toilet for at least 10 minutes without fussy, so I think I will trying potty training soon."

B. "It is best to start night-time potty training before day-time potty training." Day-time potty training should be done first. Night-time potty train takes more time and most children still need a diaper at night until about 4-5 years.

The nurse is providing education to the adolescent on sleep practices. Which statement by the adolescent demonstrates they need re-education on this topic? A. "I need around 8-10 hours of sleep per night." B. "Surfing my phone at night helps me fall asleep." C. "I always go to bed at 8 pm and wake up at 6 am." D. "I don't drink caffeinated products anymore."

B. "Surfing my phone at night helps me fall asleep." Light exposure (especially blue light from phones and other electronic items) can affect the sleep and be avoided 1-2 around before bedtime. The teen should get 8-10 hours of sleep per night.

The nurse is educating the parents of a 13-month-old on how to avoid dental caries. Which statements should the nurse include in the education about this topic to the parents? Select-all-that-apply: A. "If a bottle is given at night, be sure to water down the juice before giving it to the child". B. "When your child's first teeth erupt, it is time to go to the dentist." C. "If your water at home does not contain fluoride, fluoride supplementation may be needed". D. "To help promote autonomy in your child, he should brush his teeth by himself without assistance".

B. "When your child's first teeth erupt, it is time to go to the dentist." C. "If your water at home does not contain fluoride, fluoride supplementation may be needed".

Doctor orders 200 mg of Ibuprofen every 8 hrs. The child weighs 49 lbs. The safe dosage range for this medication is 5-10 mg/kg/dose. What is the safe dosage range for this particular child? A. 224.8-444.4 mg/dose B. 111.4-222.7 mg/dose C. 456-550 mg/dose D. 256-300 mg/dose

B. 111.4-222.7 mg/dose

You're providing a free educational clinic to new moms about immunizations. You inform the attendees that the Measles, Mumps, and Rubella (MMR) vaccine is given? A. at 6 and 12 months B. 12 months and 4-6 years C. at 4 and 6 months D. at 2 and 12 months

B. 12 months and 4-6 years

An infant was 21 inches at birth. How many inches should the infant be at 6 months?* A. 30-36 inches B. 24-27 inches C. 23-25 inches D. 22-24 inches

B. 24-27 inches

A 2-year-old weighed 7 lbs. at birth. How much should the child weigh now? A. 14 lbs. B. 28 lbs. C. 21 lbs. D. 36 lbs

B. 28 lbs. The child's weight should be 4 times their birth weight when they are 2 years old. Therefore, if the child weighed 7 lbs. at birth they should be around 28 lbs. at 2 years (24 months).

At what age would you educate the parents of an infant to stop swaddling the infant because the infant will be able to roll over onto its tummy?* A. 2 months B. 4 months C. 6 months D. 10 months

B. 4 months

You're assessing the height of a 24-month-old. The child is 34 inches. Based on this measurement, what is an estimated adult height for this child? A. 6 feet 2 inches B. 5 feet 8 inches C. 5 feet 2 inches D. 6 feet

B. 5 feet 8 inches At 2 years of age a child is about HALF their adult height. Therefore, if the child is measuring 34 inches at 2 years, they should be around 68 inches (5 feet 8 inches) when they're an adult.

At what age does a child starting receiving a yearly flu vaccine? A. 12 months B. 6 months C. 2 months D. 24 months

B. 6 months

You need to start an IV on a 4-year-old. Select the appropriate interventions to perform before starting the IV to help the preschooler cope with this procedure. Select-all-that-apply: A. Let the child know that at 9:00 am you will be starting the IV. B. Be honest with the child about what to expect with starting the IV. C. Have a doll available that the child can start an IV on. D. Give the child privacy and direct the parents to the waiting room while the IV is started. E. Encourage and answer all the child's questions before starting the IV.

B. Be honest with the child about what to expect with starting the IV. C. Have a doll available that the child can start an IV on. E. Encourage and answer all the child's questions before starting the IV. Option A is wrong because a preschooler does not understand time. It is best to give them a time frame like "we will start your IV after your eat breakfast" rather than a specific time. Option D is wrong because removing the parents from the room during the procedure may increase the child's anxiety. It is best to have them present.

Fill in the blank: According to Piaget's Theory of Cognitive Development a 10-year-old child would be in the _________________ stage. A. Preoperational B. Concrete Operational C. Sensorimotor D. Formal Operational

B. Concrete Operational

You see a group of children working together to build a sand castle. What type of play is this? A. Parallel B. Cooperative C. Associative D. Solidary

B. Cooperative With this type of play, children play together doing the same activity by cooperating and collaborating together and have the same focus and goals...hence building a sand castle.

The mother of a 2-year-old verbalizes concern about how her child has suddenly developed temper tantrums. She asks about preventive measures. What are some preventive measures you can educate the mother about? Select-all-that-apply: A. Avoid giving the child choices B. Distract the child C. Give in to the child's request D. Prepare the child for a change in activity or an event a few minutes before it occurs E. Avoid new activities when the child is hungry or tired

B. Distract the child D. Prepare the child for a change in activity or an event a few minutes before it occurs E. Avoid new activities when the child is hungry or tired These strategies can sometimes help prevent a tantrum. In addition, being aware of potential triggers (sickness, tired, hungry etc.) and praising their good behavior.

You're assessing a 10-month-old infant. You note on examination the anterior fontanelle is open. The nurse will: A. Document this as an abnormal finding because this fontanelle should close at 2 months B. Document this as a normal finding because this fontanelle closes at about 18 months C. Document this as a normal finding because this fontanelle closes at about 12 months D. Document this as an abnormal finding because this fontanelle should close at 6 months

B. Document this as a normal finding because this fontanelle closes at about 18 months

3. Which statement below is false about the puberty changes for the adolescent? A. Males can keep growing in height until about 20 years of age. B. Due to the activation of the apocrine glands, acne can develop in the teenager. C. Females stop increasing in height about 2 years after the onset of menstruation. D. Females tend to start puberty 2 years earlier than males.

B. Due to the activation of the apocrine glands, acne can develop in the teenager. The statement should say: Due to the activation of the sebaceous glands (NOT apocrine glands...these are sweat glands) acne can develop in the teenager.

A 15-year-old patient is hospitalized for treatment of cancer. The patient has started to refuse medications and other treatments. In addition, the patient is yelling and screaming at staff. This patient may be experiencing what type of fear associated with this age group? A. Separation Anxiety B. Loss of Control C. Invasion of Privacy D. Fear of death

B. Loss of Control When the adolescent experience a loss of control they may start to act out and refused procedures/medications...by doing this it gives them a sense of control. Therefore, the medical team should allow the teen to have control with certain situations so this doesn't occur.

A 4-year-old is hospitalized for the treatment of a brain tumor. As the nurse you know that a preschooler would struggle with which of the following issues during the hospitalization? A. Separation anxiety B. Loss of control C. Loss of relationship with peers D. Negativism

B. Loss of control The child is at risk for experiencing loss of control. Loss of control can occur when the preschooler is hospitalized or sick because the child is restricted in the normal things they usually do (dress, eat, play etc.) This can cause the child to regress, increase anxiety and fear, or act out.

Doctor orders Digoxin 0.92 mg daily for a child that weighs 16 lbs. The safe dosage for this medication is 8-12 mcg/kg/day. Is this a safe dosage for this child? A. Yes, this is a safe dose. B. No, this is not a safe dose. A safe dose is 0.06-0.09 mg/day. C. No, this is not a safe dose. A safe dose is 1-2 mg/day.

B. No, this is not a safe dose. A safe dose is 0.06-0.09 mg/day.

A 14-year-old male has a BMI (Body Mass Index) of 70th percentile based on their age, height, and gender. How would the nurse interpret this BMI for this patient? A. Underweight B. Normal C. Overweight D. Obese

B. Normal Normal. Underweight: BMI less that 5th percentile for age, height, and gender, Normal: BMI is 5th percentile or greater but not higher than 85th percentile, Overweight: BMI is 85th percentile or greater but less than 95th percentile, Obese: BMI is 95th percentile or greater

You observe toddlers playing. The children are playing with toys, but they are not playing together. This type of play is known as? A. Solitary play B. Parallel play C. Associate play D. Co-operative

B. Parallel play

A 3-year-old is hospitalized. The parent verbalizes to you that at home the child was potty trained but now the child is refusing to use the toilet and is voiding on themselves. The parent expresses concern. As the nurse you should tell the parent? A. Try potty training again while the child is hospitalized. B. Reassure the parent that this is temporary and is most likely occurring because the child is hospitalized. C. Advise the parent to set limits and implement discipline strategies for toilet accidents. D. Recommend the parent avoids ritualistic routines until the child is not hospitalized.

B. Reassure the parent that this is temporary and is most likely occurring because the child is hospitalized. The toddler is experiencing regression which is due to the stress of the recent hospitalization. The parent should be reassured that this is temporary. The parent should avoid adding more stress to the toddler by trying to potty train while the child is hospitalized and disciplining the child for potty accidents. The parent should NOT avoid ritualistic routines (remember the toddler loves routines and rituals).

Your patient is 5-months-old. Which developmental milestone, if not performed by the infant, should be further investigated? A. Crawling B. Rolling over from back to tummy C. Using the pincer grasp D. Sitting without support

B. Rolling over from back to tummy

According to Piaget's Theory of Development, what stage would a 14-month-old be in? A. Formal operational B. Sensorimotor C. Preoperational D. Concrete operational

B. Sensorimotor This stage includes children of the age of birth to 2 years (24 months).

You're providing care to a 1-month-old infant who is hospitalized. The parents are unable to be at the bedside. The infant is crying. Select appropriate nursing interventions for this infant: A. Let the infant play with crib mobiles B. Swaddle the infant C. Attempt to play peek-a-boo with the infant D. Rock the infant E. Distract the infant with a toy

B. Swaddle the infant D. Rock the infant

The nurse is assessing a 10-year-old's risk factors for obesity. Which findings assessed by the nurse are risk factors for obesity in this child? Select all that apply: A. The child moderately exercises 1 hour each day. B. The child has a diet rich in calories according to a weekly food diary. C. The child's mother, father, and older sibling are obese. D. The child has limited access to food options.

B. The child has a diet rich in calories according to a weekly food diary. C. The child's mother, father, and older sibling are obese. D. The child has limited access to food options. The "US Department of Health and Human Services, recommends that children and adolescents ages 6 through 17 years do 60 minutes (1 hour) or more of moderate-to-vigorous physical activity daily"-Quote from CDC.gov. However, the other options increase a child's risk for obesity.

According to Piaget's Theory of Development, your patient is in the Preoperational Stage based on their age. The patient demonstrates they are in this stage by which finding below? A. The child understands time and quantity. B. The child likes to play pretend. C. This concept of object permanence is not developed yet. D. The child possesses abstract thinking rather than concrete thinking.

B. The child likes to play pretend. A child in this stage possesses symbolic thinking. Therefore, they love to play pretend. This is one of the hallmark signs of this stage.

You note a 10-month-old is using the pincer grasp. Which option below best describes this milestone? A. The infant is able to grasp large objects with the palm and forefingers. B. The infant is able to grasp small objects with the index finger and thumb. C. The infant is able to grasp small and large objects with the middle finger and thumb. D. The infant is able to grasp large objects with the palm and thumb.

B. The infant is able to grasp small objects with the index finger and thumb.

A 3-week-old infant is exclusively breast fed. What will you include in the patient education to the mother during this clinic visit? A. Introduce solid foods around 3-4 months of age along with breast feeding. B. The infant needs to be supplemented with Vitamin D (400 IU) daily. C. Cow's milk may be substituted for breast milk around 6 months. D. Breast feeding is only recommended for the first 4 months of life.

B. The infant needs to be supplemented with Vitamin D (400 IU) daily.

Your patient is 6-months-old. According to Erickson's Stage of Development, this patient is in what stage? A. Autonomy vs. Shame & Doubt B. Trust vs. Mistrust C. Initiative vs. Guilt D. Identity vs. Role Confusion

B. Trust vs. Mistrust

The nurse is developing a plan of care to help the school-age child and their caregiver implement diet changes to help decrease the child's obesity risk. Which intervention below should be avoided? A. Include the family members with setting weight and food goals B. Use a reward system that includes food rewards C. Substitute the child's favorite food with healthier options D. Consider team sports for the child

B. Use a reward system that includes food rewards A reward system that awards the child with food should be avoided. It teaches the child to associate food with rewards. Other rewards could be used other than food.

You're assessing the development of a 5-year-old. Which of the following are FINE motor skills a child should be able to perform at this age? Select-all-that-apply: A. Ride a tricycle B. Use blunt tip scissors C. Hop D. Skip E. Copy triangles and circles F. Print their first name

B. Use blunt tip scissors E. Copy triangles and circles F. Print their first name This question wants to know the FINE motor skills. Fine motor skills are skills that require small muscles for holding and using objects (using scissors, copying shaped and writing etc.). The other options A, C, and D are GROSS motor skills.

Doctor orders Zofran 2 mg for a child that weighs 13.6 kg. The safe dosage range of this drug is 0.15 mg/kg. Is this a safe dose? A. No, this is not a safe dose. A safe dose would be 1.02 mg/dose. B. Yes, this is a safe dose. C. No, this is not a safe dose. A safe dose would be 0.5 mg/dose.

B. Yes, this is a safe dose.

A mother calls the pediatric clinic to ask when her daughter will receive the Varicella vaccine. Your answer to her question is: A. at 2, 4, and 6 months B. at 12 months and 4-6 years C. at 6 and 12 months D. at 4 months and 4-6 years

B. at 12 months and 4-6 years The child will receive the Varicella vaccine at 12 months and 4-6 years of age.

A 12 month old receives a series of vaccinations which includes the Hepatitis A vaccine. When should the child receive the 2nd dose of this vaccine? A. in 3 months B. at the 18 month visit C. when the child is 4-6 years old D. in 2 months

B. at the 18 month visit The first dose of HepA is given at 12 months and then the second dose is given 6 months from that dose, which would be at the 18 month visit.

Your patient is 4-years-old. According to Erickson's Stages of Psychosocial Development the child should develop ____________ by the end of their developmental stage. A. trust B. purpose C. autonomy D. competence

B. purpose Ages 3-5 years include preschoolers, and according to Erickson's Stages of Psychosocial Development the child is in the Initiative vs. Guilt stage. The child is learning how to venture out and be independent. If they are able to do this (not discouraged or restraint) the child will develop a sense of purpose and be able to go to the next stage, which is Industry vs. Inferiority.

Which statement below is TRUE regarding a 5-year-old's cognitive development based on Piaget's Theory? A. "The goal of this stage is to achieve the understanding of object permanence." B. "This child now has the ability to think logically about events." C. "This child's thinking is still egocentric and they can't understand the point of views of others." D. "This child has the ability to create hypothetical arguments."

C. "This child's thinking is still egocentric and they can't understand the point of views of others." Option A is a description of a child that is birth to 2 years (sensorimotor stage). Option B is a description of a child that is 7-11 years (concrete operational). Option D is a child that is 11 years and beyond (formal operational).

A child weighs 52 lbs. The child has a fever and the doctor orders Tylenol. The safe dose range of this medication is 10-15 mg/kg every 6 hours. What is the maximum safe dose this child can have per day? A. 148 mg/day B.289 mg/day C. 1,418 mg/day D. 785 mg/day

C. 1,418 mg/day

You're developing a plan of care for an infant and you include activities for play. The play activities include hiding a toy and letting the infant look for it along with playing peek-a-boo. Which infant below would best benefit from this type of play? A. 6-month-old B. 2-month-old C. 9-month-old D. 4-month-old

C. 9-month-old

You're developing a plan of care for a 3-year-old that includes play activities. What type of play does a child participate in at this age? A. Parallel B. Cooperative C. Associative D. Solidary

C. Associative Associative Play. With this type of play, children are playing/talking together in the sense they are doing the same activity together like using the same toys or use equipment but they aren't working together to accomplish something but rather focusing on their own activities.

A 20-month-old is in what stage of development according to Erickson's Stages of Development? A. Industry vs. Inferiority B. Initiative vs. Guilt C. Autonomy vs. Shame and Guilt D. Trust vs. Mistrust

C. Autonomy vs. Shame and Guilt

A 9-year-old arrives to the clinic for a well visit. What are some safety educational topics the nurse should discuss during this visit? Select all that apply: A. Rear-facing car seat safety B. Toxic substances ingestion prevention C. Bike safety D. Swimming safety E. Gun and Fire Safety F. SIDS Prevention

C. Bike safety D. Swimming safety E. Gun and Fire Safety Options A and F are safety topics for infants, and option B is an educational topic for toddlers and preschoolers. The school-age child typically doesn't ingest toxic substances like the younger age groups.

A 7-year-old child is able to recognize that even though one glass is short while the other is tall they both contain the same amount of liquid. According to Piaget's Theory of Cognitive Development, the ability to reason this among the liquid in the glasses in known as? A. Classification B. Spatial-sense C. Conservation D. Representation

C. Conservation This ability is known as conservation. Another example of this would be: there are two plates that are the same size with the same amount of food on them. However, when food from one plate is moved to a smaller plate a child without conservation would think that the smaller plate had more food on it than the larger plate. BUT a school-age child would understand it stayed the same and just the plate was changed.

A 3-year-old is hospitalized and the parent has to leave to care for other children but will be back to visit. What observation found in this preschooler would demonstrate the child is experiencing the protest phase of separation anxiety? A. Loud crying that is inconsolable B. Withdrawn and sullen C. Crying quietly and acting out D. Happy and content

C. Crying quietly and acting out Separation anxiety can still present in a preschooler. It usually starts to subside by 4-5 years. During the protest phase the preschooler is different than the toddler in that he or she will be crying quietly and may act out...the toddler will be loudly crying that is inconsolable. The preschooler will generally act the same as the toddler during the despair and detachment phase.

A toddler is hospitalized and the parent had to temporarily leave the child. The child was inconsolable when the parent left, but now is quite and withdrawn. This is known as what stage of separation anxiety? A. Detachment B. Denial C. Despair D. Protest

C. Despair

A 10-year-old is being prepped for heart surgery to replace a heart valve. What fears or stressors does the nurse anticipate this child could experience during this hospitalization? A. Fear of strangers B. Fear that the hospitalization is punishment for doing wrong C. Fear of pain/injury D. Invasion of privacy

C. Fear of pain/injury The school-age child fears pain/injury along with losing independence, not being part of school routines and losing contact with peers. Option A is for young children like toddlers and infants (and some pre-schoolers)...the school-age child has outgrown this. Option B is common in the preschooler, and Option D is common in the teenager.

During a routine pediatric visit, a 2 month old patient will need which of the following vaccines? A. MMR (Measles, Mumps, Rubella) B. Hepatitis A C. Hepatitis B D. DTaP (Diphtheria, Tetanus, Pertussis) E. Hib (Haemophilus Influenzae Type B) F. Varicella G. Polio H. RV (Rotavirus) I. PCV (Pneumococcal Conjugate Vaccine)

C. Hepatitis B D. DTaP (Diphtheria, Tetanus, Pertussis) E. Hib (Haemophilus Influenzae Type B) G. Polio H. RV (Rotavirus) I. PCV (Pneumococcal Conjugate Vaccine)

Your patient is 7-years-old. What stage of psychosocial development, according to Erickson's Theory, should this child be in? A. Autonomy vs. Shame and Doubt B. Initiative vs. Guilt C. Industry vs. Inferiority D. Identify vs. Role Confusion

C. Industry vs. Inferiority

Doctor orders 300 mg of Zmax once a day for a child that weighs 72 lbs. The safe dose range for this medication is 10-12 mg/kg/day. Is this a safe dose for this patient? A. Yes, this is a safe dose. B. No, this is not a safe dose. A safe dose is 310.8-558.2 mg/day. C. No, this is not a safe dose. A safe dose is 327.3-392.7 mg/day.

C. No, this is not a safe dose. A safe dose is 327.3-392.7 mg/day.

Doctor order Cefazolin 350 mg IV every 4 hours. The child weighs 31 lbs. The safe dosage range for this medication is 25-75 mg/kg/day. Is this a safe dose for this patient? A. Yes, this is a safe dose. B. No, this is not a safe dose. A safe dose would be 60-100 mg/dose. C. No, this is not a safe dose. A safe dose would be 58.7-176.1 mg/dose.

C. No, this is not a safe dose. A safe dose would be 58.7-176.1 mg/dose.

A 12-month-old arrives to the health clinic for a well visit. You're assessing the infant's developmental milestones. Select below all the milestones the child should be able to perform? A. Rides a tricycle B. Draws a triangle C. Pulls to a standing position and can take a few steps D. Follows simple commands like "wave bye-bye" E. Puts objects in a container F. Hits two small wooden blocks together G. Says 2-3 word sentences

C. Pulls to a standing position and can take a few steps D. Follows simple commands like "wave bye-bye" E. Puts objects in a container F. Hits two small wooden blocks together

At 8-9 months of age, what milestone should an infant be able to successfully perform? A. Begin walking B. Say several words like mama or dada C. Sit without support D. Follow basic commands

C. Sit without support

The school-age child experiences many physical changes throughout this developmental time period. Which of the following is NOT a change experienced by this age group? A. The child typically grows about 2.5 inches per year. B. Most of the child's 28 permanent teeth will be erupted by the end of this developmental period. C. The child's weight triples from the age of 6 to 12 years. D. The child's gross motor skills allow them to ride a bike without training wheels, swim, and skate.

C. The child's weight triples from the age of 6 to 12 years. This statement is INCORRECT. The weight gained for a school-age child is about 4.5 to 7 lbs. a year (average: 45 lbs. at 6 years to 90 lbs. by 12 years and this depends on the child). However, it doesn't triple.

You're assessing a 2-month-old infant. Which finding below is a normal milestone that should be reached by this infant at this age? A. The infant can sit up with support. B. The infant holds a rattle. C. The infant smiles at its parent. D. The infant is afraid of strangers.

C. The infant smiles at its parent.

You're providing caring to a 2-year-old and have noted negativism. Which statement by the nurse to the toddler will help decrease negativism when administering medications to the toddler? A. "Are you ready for your medicine?" B. "Can you take your medicine in a cup?" C. "Do you want to take your medicine now?" D. "You can take your medicine in the blue or green cup."

D. "You can take your medicine in the blue or green cup." Negativism is doing the opposite of what is being asked and responding negatively to the command. Therefore, the nurse should not ask a question that could allow the toddler to say "no", but give options and let them pick (helps with autonomy).

Fill-in-the-blank: The anal and urethral sphincter can be voluntarily controlled around _______________. A. 12-18 months B. 24-36 months C. 6-12 months D. 18-24 months

D. 18-24 months

A parent has a question about the Rotavirus vaccine and when it is administered. As the nurse you know that ________ doses are given, and the last dose is given at ________? A. 2; 6 months B. 3; 4 months C. 4; 4-6 years D. 3; 6 months

D. 3; 6 months

The adolescent patient can now think abstractly and see other possible outcomes. In addition, they can start planning for the future and analyze how decisions affect them and others. According to Piaget's Theory on Cognitive Development, the adolescent is in what stage? A. Sensorimotor B. Preoperational C. Concrete Operational D. Formal Operational

D. Formal Operational

You're creating a plan of care for a 24-month-old and developing interventions to help with the development of the child. According to Erickson's Stages of Development, what intervention below would help promote development in this patient? A. Thoroughly communicate the rules to the child. B. Encourage the child to ask questions about care. C. Take time to swaddle and rock the child when crying. D. Give the child opportunities to make food and drink selections

D. Give the child opportunities to make food and drink selections. The child at this age is in the Autonomy vs Shame/Guilt stage. Therefore, the child is developing independence and has discovered they're individuals separate from others, which means their actions affect others in their environment. It is important the nurse provide opportunities for autonomy (independence) like option D.

A 6.5-month-old is hospitalized. What nursing intervention will you include in their plan of care? A. Separate the infant and parent during procedures B. Maintain the infant's daily rituals and routines C. Allow the infant to examine equipment before usage D. Maintain the same nursing staff during each shift

D. Maintain the same nursing staff during each shift

When considering Erickson's Stages of Psychosocial Development for a 3-year-old which action below would potentially hinder a child's development? A. Giving the child freedom to try new things B. Offering options of play that are imaginary C. Accepting reasonable choices made by the child D. Making choices and decisions for the child

D. Making choices and decisions for the child Children at this age need to be given opportunities to try new things and make their own choices. If not given opportunities to try new things or make choices on their own, the child will develop guilt and struggle with trying new things and being independent. In turn, the child will have trouble developing a sense of purpose. Therefore, the parent should avoid trying to control or make choices or decisions for the child.

You're educating a group of parents about car seat safety. A participant asks about the best position of a car seat for a 6-month-old. Your response is: A. Forward-facing and back seat B. Forward-facing and front seat C. Rear-facing and front seat D. Rear-facing and back seat

D. Rear-facing and back seat

According to Kohlberg's Stages of Moral Development, what would be the reason for conformity to the rules for a 9-year-old child? A. The child conforms to the rules because of the rewards given for good behavior. B. The child conforms to the rules because it maintains social order. C. The child conforms to the rules because it provides a mutual benefit. D. The child conforms to the rules because it causes others to view them as being good.

D. The child conforms to the rules because it causes others to view them as being good.

A 10-year-old is hospitalized for the treatment of a broken arm. The child is becoming restless and bored. The nurse asks the child if they would like to do an activity. Which activity below would be appropriate for the nurse to suggest to the child? A. Stacking blocks B. Writing poems C. Playing a card game D. Watching a movie

D. Watching a movie Due to the child's broken arm watching a movie would be the best option. Stacking blocks is more appropriate for a toddler or preschooler and writing poems is more for a teenager. Playing a card game would be a good option if the child's arm was not broken.

What change during puberty typically happens first for girls? A. pubic hair growth B. increase in fat on abdomen and thighs C. widen hip girth D. breast development

D. breast development

True or False: A child who is 11 months old and weighs 39.5 kg can ride in a forward facing upright position safety seat. · True · False

False

True or False: When potty training a child it is important to remember that bladder control occurs before bowel control.

The answer FALSE: BOWEL control occurs before bladder. The sensation to have a bowel movement is stronger than the sensation for urination.

True or False: The leading cause of accident death among teenagers is due to motor vehicle accidents.

The answer is true.

A mother brings her 8 month old child in for a well visit. Which statement by the mother would raise concern for the infants safety and the mother would need to be re-educated? a· "I love using the hot steam vaporizer when he has a cold." b· "We have a gate at the stairs." c· "Yesterday I threw away all of our house plants." d· "He is still riding in a rear-facing car seat."

a· "I love using the hot steam vaporizer when he has a cold."

Which statement by the mother demonstrates her child is ready for toliet training? a· "She is waking up dry from a nap for about a couple of weeks now." b· "I'm still changing a wet diaper every 2 hours." c· "She fusses when I sit her on the potty. What can I do?" d· None of the options are correct.

a· "She is waking up dry from a nap for about a couple of weeks now."

You are observing a 5 month old for developmental skills. Which of the following skills would concern you if the infant was not demonstrating? a· Follows objects with eyes b· Crawling c· Sitting with support d. Grasps objects

a· Follows objects with eyes

A first-time mother asks you what type of toy would be best for her 2 1/2 year old. Your response is? a· Push-pull toys, large balls, and wooden puzzles b· Marbles, dress-up clothes, and card games c· Movies, computer games, and board games d· Video games, CDs, remote control truck

a· Push-pull toys, large balls, and wooden puzzles

A 14 month old boy is hospitalized with dehydration. He is unconsolable, screaming, and rejecting your physical contact. What best describes the infants response to you? a· Separation anxiety-PROTEST PHRASE b· Fear of injury and pain c· Separation anxiety-DESPAIR d· Loss of Control

a· Separation anxiety-PROTEST PHRASE

A 2 year-old is scheduled to have a tonsilectomy. How would you educate the patient? a· Use picture books & puppets and repeat explanations. b· Provide a video and explain in clear terms. c· Engage in conversations about the procedure and encourage the child to express his or her thoughts. d· Describe the procedure as it is about to be performed.

a· Use picture books & puppets and repeat explanations.

Which statement by a mother regarding her 15 month old requires further evaluation? a· "I add honey to his oatmeal in the morning." b· "He loves drinking juice from a bottle at night...it helps him sleep." c· "I only buy whole milk, not skim or low fat." d· "I avoid giving him seeds, popcorn, and raisins."

b· "He loves drinking juice from a bottle at night...it helps him sleep."

What nursing intervention would you NOT include in the plan of care with a two-year old experiecning loss of control? a· Provide routines and rituals the 2-year old is familiar with. b· Distract the toddler from looking at pictures of parents placed at bedside. c· Anticipate temper tantrums d· Allow the two-year old to select if they want orange juice or milk for breakfast.

b· Distract the toddler from looking at pictures of parents placed at bedside.