Pediatrics ATI exam practice

A nurse is teaching the parent of an infant who has a Pavlik harness for the treatment of developmental dysplasia of the hip. The nurse should identify that which of the following statements by the parent indicates an understanding of the teaching? -"I should remove the harness at night to allow my infant to stretch her legs" -"I will need to adjust the straps on the harness once each week" -"I should apply baby powder to my infant's skin twice daily" -"I will place my infant's diapers under the harness straps"

I will place my infant's diapers under the harness straps

A nurse is teaching the parent of an infant about ways to prevent sudden infant death syndrome (SIDs). Which of the following instructions should the nurse include? -"Place the infant in a prone position to sleep" -"Allow the infant to sleep on a large pillow" -"Use a soft mattress in the infant's crib" -"Give the infant a pacifier at bedtime"

Give the infant a pacifier at bedtime

A nurse is caring for an infant who has respiratory syncytial virus (RSV). Which of the following actions should the nurse implement for infection control? -Have a designated stethoscope in the infants room -Place the infant in a room with negative air flow -Administer palivizumab as prescribed for the infant -remove gloves after leaving infant's room

Have a designated stethoscope in the room

A nurse is assessing a school-age child immediately following a perforated appendix repair. Which of the following findings should the nurse expect? -Purulent nasogastric drainage -Absence of peristalsis -Passage of dark red stool with mucus -WBC count 6,000/mm3

Absence of peristalsis

A nurse is preparing to administer an immunization to a 4 year old child. Which of the following actions should the nurse plan to take? -place the child in a prone position for the immunization -Request that the child's caregiver leave the room during the immunization -Administer the immunization using a 24 gauge needle -Inject the immunization slowly after aspirating for 3 seconds

Administer the immunization using a 24 gauge needle

increased protein concentration in the spinal fluid is a finding that can indicate

bacterial meningitis

tobramycin, class and complication

aminoglycoside, otoxic med that can cause mild hearing loss

urine specific gravity reference range

1.005 to 1.030

If blood sugar is low child should eat how many g of carbohydrates

10 to 15 g

A nurse is assessing an infant who has ventricular septal defect. Which of the following findings should the nurse expect? -loud, harsh murmur -dsrhythmias -weak femoral pulses -high BP

loud harsh murmur

position for HF

semi-fowlers position to provide for maximum chest expansion

A nurse in an emergency department is performing a physical assessment on a 2 week old male newborn. Which of the following is the priority for the nurse to report to the provider? -Excoriated scrotal area -Multiple capillary hemangioma -Depressed posterior fontanel -Substernal retractions

substernal retractions

A charge nurse in an emergency department is preparing an in-service for a group of newly licensed nurses about the manifestations of child maltreatment. Which of the following manifestations should the charge nurse include as a potential indication of physical abuse? -Recurrent urinary tract infections -Symmetric burns of the lower extremities -Failure to thrive -Lack of subcutaneous fat

symmetric burns of the lower extremities

a nurse is interviewing the parent of an 18-month old toddler during a well-child visit. The nurse should identify that which of the following findings indicates a need to assess the toddler for hearing loss? -The toddler has a vocabulary of 25 words -The toddler developed a mild rash following a recent varicella immunization -The toddler's moro reflex is absent -The toddler received tobramycin during a hospitalization 2 weeks ago

the toddler received tobramycin during a hospitalization 2 weeks ago

A nurse is caring for a school age child who has primary nephrotic syndrome and is taking prednisone. Following 1 week of treatment, which of the following manifestations indicates to the nurse that the medication is effective? -Decreased edema -Increased abdominal girth -Decreased appetite -Increased protein in the urine

Decreased edema

a nurse in an emergency department is caring for a school age child who has appendicitis and rates their abdominal pain as 7 on a scale of 0 to 10. Which of the following actions should the nurse take? -Instill a 500 mL tap water enema -Give morphine 0.05 mg/kg IV -Administer polyethylene glycol 1g/kg PO -Apply a heating pad to the child's abdomen

Give morphine 0.05 mg/kg

A nurse in an emergency department is caring for a toddler who has partial-thickness burns on their right arm. Which of the following actions should the nurse take? -Insert a nasogastric tube -Initiate prophylactic antibiotic therapy -Cleanse the affected area with mild soap and water -Apply a topical corticosteroid to the affected area

Cleanse the affected area with mild soap and water

A nurse is teaching the parent of a preschooler about ways to prevent acute asthma attacks. Which of the following statements by the parent indicates an understanding of the teaching? -I will use a humidifier in my child's room at night -I will give my child a cough suppressant every 6 hours if he has a cough -I should avoid using a wet mop on my floors when I am cleaning -I should keep my child indoors when I mow the yard

I should keep my child indoors when I mow the yard

A nurse is creating a plan of care for an infant who has epidural hematoma from a head injury. Which of the following interventions should the nurse include in the plan? -Position the infant side-lying with their heat at a 0 to 5 degree angle -Perform a neurological assessment every 4 hours -Suction the infant's nares to remove secretions -Implement seizure precautions for the infant

Implement seizure precautions

A nurse is assessing a school age child who has meningitis. Which of the following findings is the priority for the nurse to report to the provider? -reports a headache as 6 on a 0 to 10 pain scale -petechiae on the lower extremities -nuchal rigidity -positive kernig's sign

Petechiae on lower extremities (can indicate presence of meningococcemia, risk of sepsis)

A nurse is receiving change-of-shift report for four children. Which of the following children should the nurse assess first? -A toddler who has a concussion and an episode of forceful vomiting -An adolescent who has infective endocarditis and reports having a headache -an adolescent who was placed into halo traction 1 hour ago and reports pain as 6 on a scale of 0 to 10 -a school age child who has acute glomerulonephritis and brown colored urine

A toddler who has a concussion and an episode of forceful vomiting

A nurse is assessing a 4 year old child at a well child-visit. Which of the following developmental milestones should the nurse expect to observe? -identifies right from left hand -Uses a utensil to spread butter -Cuts outlined shape using scissors -Draws a stick figure with seven body parts

Cuts an outlined shape using scissors

A school nurse is assessing an adolescent who has multiple burns in various stages in healing. Which of the following behaviors should the nurse identify as a possible indication of physical abuse? -expresses a reluctance to leave home -provides a detailed description of how the burns occurred -denies discomfort during assessment of injuries -describes strong relationships with peers

Denies discomfort during assessment of injuries

muscular weakness is an indication of

electrolyte disturbance, complication of blood transfusion

How often should a neurological assessment take place for an infant who has an epidural hematoma from a head injury

every 15 minutes to detect changes in the child's condition and monitor for intracranial pressure

Positioning for infant with epidural hematoma

head slightly elevated in midline position to reduce risk of increased intracranial pressure

expected findings of meningitis

headache, nuchal rigidity, positive kernig's sign

A hospice nurse is caring for a preschooler who has a terminal illness. One of the preschoolers parents tells the nurse that they cannot cope anymore and thinking about moving out of the house. Which of the following statements should the nurse make? -It is important that you provide emotional support for your family at this time -You have to do what you feel is best. Everything will turn out fine -I know how you feel. This is an extremely stressful time for your family. -Let's talk about some of the ways you have handled previous stressors in your life

lets talk about some ways you have handled previous stressors in your life

a nurse is caring for a 15 year old client following a head injury. Which of the following findings should the nurse identify as an indication that the child is developing syndrome of inappropriate antidiuretic hormone secretion? (SIADH) -sodium 148 mEq/L -urine specific gravity 1.020 -mental confusion -weak peripheral pulses

mental confusion

A nurse is creating a plan of care for a school-age child who has heart disease and has developed heart failure. Which of the following interventions should the nurse include in the pain? -provide small, frequent meals for the child -schedule time in the play room for the child -weigh the child weekly -maintain the child in a supine position

provide small, frequent meals for the child

A nurse is planning care for a toddler who has a serum lead level of 4 mcg/dL. Which of the following actions should the nurse plan to take? -instruct the parents to decrease the calcium in their toddler's diet -Prepare the toddler for chelation therapy -Refer the family to Child Protective Services -Schedule the toddler for a yearly rescreening

schedule the toddler for a yearly screening

A nurse is preparing to collect a sample from a toddler for a sickle-turbidity test. Which of the following actions should the nurse plan to take? -obtain a sputum specimen -perform an allen test -perform a finger stick -obtain a stool specimen

Perform a finger stick

When should the nurse place a child in a room with negative pressure airflow

airborne infection such as measles or varicella

A nurse is teaching the guardian of a 6-month old infant about car seat use. Which of the following statements by the guardian indicates an understanding of the teaching? -"I should secure the car seat using lower anchors and tethers instead of the seat belt" -"I should position the car seat harness 1 inch above the baby's shoulders" -"I will make sure that the car seat is placed at a 90-degree angle" -"I will pad my baby's car seat with a blanket for traveling long distances"

I should secure the car seat using lower anchors and tethers instead of the seat belt

a nurse is caring for a preschooler who is scheduled for hydrotherapy treatment for wound debridement following a burn injury. Which of the following actions should the nurse take prior to the procedure? -apply topical antimicrobial ointment to the child's wound -place a mesh gauze dressing over the child's wound -administer an analgesic to the child -initiate prophylactic antibiotic therapy for the child

administer an analgesic to the child

A nurse in an emergency department is caring for a school-age child who is experiencing an anaphylactic reaction. Which of the following is the priority action by the nurse? -Elevate the head of the child's bed -Insert a large bore IV catheter for the child -Determine the allergen that caused the child's reaction -Administer epinephrine IM to the child

administer epinephrine IM to the child

A nurse is reviewing the lumbar puncture results of a school age child who is suspected of having bacterial meningitis. Which of the following findings should the nurse identify as an indication of bacterial meningitis? -Decreased cerebrospinal fluid pressure -Decreased WBC count -Increased protein concentration -Increased glucose level

increased protein concentration

Buck's traction

knee immobility don't adjust weights keep in supine position assess peripheral pulses q4h

increased curvature of thoracic spine is a manifestation of

kyphosis

when is chelation therapy required

lead level of 45 mcg/dL or greater

distended neck veins are an indication of

circulatory overload

expected reference range serum creatinine adolescent

0.4 to 1.0 mg/dL

sodium range

135-145

A nurse is preparing an adolescent for a lumbar puncture. Which of the following actions should the nurse take? -place cardiac monitor on adolescent prior to procedure -apply topical analgesic cream to the site 1 hour prior to the procedure -keep the adolescent in a semi-fowler's position for 4 hours following the procedure -restrict fluids for 2 hours following the procedure

Apply topical analgesic cream to the site 1 hour prior to the procedure

A nurse is caring for a school-age child who is in Buck's traction following a leg fracture 24 hours ago. Which of the following actions should take? -Change the child's position every 2 hours -Clean the peripheral pin sites with chlorhexidine solution every 4 days -Assess peripheral pulses once every 4 hours -Ensure that the head of the bed is elevated to a 90 degree angle

Assess peripheral pulses once every 4 hours

When should contact precautions be used

Child who has an illness that can be transmitted by direct contact or contact with the child's items, such as hepatitis A and rotavirus

A nurse in an urgent care clinic is assessing an adolescent who has an upper respiratory tract infection. Which of the following findings should the nurse identify as a manifestation of pertussis? -Inflamed throat with exudate -Purulent eye draining -Dry, Hacking cough -Koplik spots on buccal mucosa

Dry, hacking cough

A nurse is planning a care for a newly admitted school-age child who has generalized seizure disorder. Which of the following interventions should the nurse plan to include? -Ensure that a padded tongue blade is at the child's bedside -Allow the child to play video games on a tablet computer -Allow the child to take a tub bath independently -Ensure the oxygen source is functioning in the child's room

Ensure the oxygen source is functioning in the child's room

A nurse is admitting a school-age child who has pertussis. Which of the following actions should the nurse take? -Place the child in a room with positive-pressure airflow -Place the child in a room with negative pressure airflow -Initiate contact precautions for the child -Initiate droplet precautions for the child

Initiate droplet precautions

A nurse is planning care for a school-age child who is in the oliguric phase of acute kidney injury and has a sodium level of 129 mEq/L. Which of the following interventions should the nurse include in the plan? -Administer ibuprofen to the child for a temperature greater than 38 degrees -Assess the child's BP every 8 hours -Weigh the child weekly at various times of the day -Initiate seizure precautions for the child

Initiate seizure precautions (sodium level of 129 mEq/L indicates hyponatremia, places child at risk for neurological deficits)

A nurse is caring for a toddler who is experiencing acute diarrhea and has moderate dehydration. Which of the following nutritional items should the nurse offer to the toddler? -Apple juice -Peanut butter -Chicken broth -Oral rehydration solution

Oral rehydration therapy

A nurse is assessing a 3-year old toddler at a well-child visit. Which of the following manifestations should the nurse report to the provider? -BP 90/50 mm Hg -Respiratory rate 45/min -Weight 14.5 kg (32 lb) -HR 110/min

Respiratory rate 45/min

A nurse is providing discharge teaching to the guardians of a toddler who had a lower leg cast applied 24 hours ago. The nurse should instruct the guardians to report which of the following findings to the provider? -Capillary refill time less than 2 seconds -Restricted ability to move the toes -Swelling of the casted foot when the leg is dependent -Pedal pulse +3 bilateral

Restricted ability to move the toes

A nurse is caring for a school-age child who is receiving chemotherapy and is severely immunocompromised. Which of the following actions should the nurse take? -Use surgical asepsis when providing routine care for the child -Administer the measles, mumps, and rubella (MMR) vaccine to the child -Screen the child's visitors for indications of infection -Infuse packed RBC's

Screen the child's visitors for indications of infection

A nurse is caring for an adolescent who received a kidney transplant. Which of the following findings should the nurse identify as an indication the adolescent is rejecting the kidney? -Negative leukocyte esterase -Serum creatinine 3.0 mg/dL -Negative urine protein -Urine output 40 mL/hr

Serum creatinine 3.0 mg/dL

A nurse is assessing a toddler who has gastroenteritis and is exhibiting manifestations of dehydration. Which of the following findings is the nurse's priority? -Skin breakdown -Hypotension -Hyperpyrexia -Tachypnea

Tachypnea

A nurse is assessing the vital signs of a 10-year old child following a burn injury. The nurse should identify that which of the following findings is an indication of early septic shock? -Blood pressure 130/90 mm Hg -Heart rate 60/min -Temperature 39.1 C -Urinary output 100 mL/hr

Temperature 39.1 C

A nurse is providing dietary teaching to the guardian of a school age child who has cystic fibrosis. Which of the following statements should the nurse include? -You should offer your child high-protein meals and snacks throughout the day -You should decrease your child's dietary fat intake to less than 10% of their caloric intake -You should restrict your child's calorie intake to 1,200 per day -You should give your child a multivitamin once weekly

You should offer your child high-protein meals and snacks throughout the day

A nurse is caring for a preschooler whose father is going home for a few hours while another relative stays with the child. Which of the following statements should the nurse make to explain to the child when their father will return? -Your daddy will be back at 7 pm -Your daddy will be back after he takes care of your brother -Your daddy will be back in the morning -Your daddy will be back after eat

Your daddy will be back after you eat (preschoolers make sense of time when they can associate it with their daily routine)

A nurse is providing teaching to the parent of an infant who has diaper dermatitis. The nurse should instruct the parent to apply which of the following to the affected area? -Zinc oxide -Antibiotic ointment -Talcum powder -Antiseptic solution

Zinc oxide

Kernig's sign

a diagnostic sign for meningitis marked by the person's inability to extend the leg completely when the thigh is flexed upon the abdomen and the person is sitting or lying down

A school nurse is assessing an adolescent who has scoliosis. Which of the following findings should the nurse expect? -Increase in anterior convexity of the lumbar space -increased curvature of the thoracic space -lateral flexion of the neck -a unilateral rib hump

a unilateral rib hump

A nurse is teaching a school-age child who has a new diagnosis of type 1 diabetes mellitus. Which of the following statements by the child indicates an understanding of the teaching? -I will puncture the pad of my finger when I am testing my blood glucose -I will give myself a shot of regular insulin 30 minutes before I eat breakfast -I will eat a snack of 5 grams of carbohydrates if my blood glucose is low -I will decrease the amount of fluids I drink when I am sick

"I will give myself a shot of regular insulin 30 minutes before I eat breakfast"

A nurse is teaching the parents of a school-age child who has a new diagnosis of osteomyelitis of the tibia. Which of the following statements by a parent indicates an understanding of the teaching? -"My child will have a cast until healing is complete" -"My child will receive antibiotics for several weeks" -"My child can return to playing sports once they have been discharged" -"My child needs to be in contact isolation"

"My child will receive antibiotics for several weeks"

A nurse is caring for a 15-year old client who is married and is scheduled for a surgical procedure. The client asks, "who should sign my surgical consent?". Which of the following responses should the nurse make? -"You can sign the consent form because you are married" -"Your spouse should sign the consent form for you" -"Your parent should sign the consent form for you" -"You can appoint a legal guardian to sign the consent form"

"You can sign the consent form because you are married"

examples of 10-15 g of carbohydrates

-120 mL (4 oz) of fruit juice -66 g (1/2 cup) of ice cream

1 kg

2.2 lbs

respiratory rate toddler

20-25 breaths per minute

A nurse is providing discharge teaching to the parents of a 6-month old infant who is postoperative following hypospadias repair with a stent placement. Which of the following instructions should the nurse include in the teaching? -You may bathe your infant in an infant bathtub when you go home -Apply hydrocortisone cream to your infant's penis daily -You should clamp your infant's stent twice daily -Allow the stent to drain directly into your infants diaper

Allow the stent to drain directly into your infants diaper

A nurse is reviewing the laboratory report of a 7 year old child who is receiving chemotherapy. Which of the following values should the nurse report to the provider?

Hgb 8.5 g/dL

A nurse is providing teaching about play activities for social development to the parents of a preschooler. Which of the following play activities should the nurse recommend for child? -Playing pat-a-cake -Using a push-pull toy -Creating a scrapbook -Playing dress-up

Playing dress up

A nurse is providing dietary teaching to the parent of a school-age child who has celiac disease. The nurse should recommend that the parent offer which of the following foods to the child? -wheat crackers -rye bread -barley soup -white rice

white rice

when should the nurse place a child in a room with positive pressure airflow

child who has undergone an allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplant to reduce risk of disease transmission to child

diaper dermatitis

common inflammatory skin disorder caused by contact with irritants such as urine, feces, soap, or friction. takes form of scaling, blisters, or papules with erythema.

A nurse is caring for a toddler who has spastic (pyramidal) cerebral palsy. Which of the following findings should the nurse expect? (select all that apply) -Negative Babinski Reflex -Ankle Clonus -Exaggerated stretch reflexes -Uncontrollable movements of the face -Contractures

-Ankle clonus -Exaggerated stretch reflexes -Contractures

expected hematocrit reference range school age child

32-44%

average hourly urine output adolescent

33 to 62.5 mL

Expected urinary output 10 year old child

33-58 mL/hr

expected reference range potassium infant

4.1-5.3 mEq/L

when can a child draw a stick figure with 7 body parts

5 years old

expected reference range platelets 7 year old child

5,000 to 10,000 mm3

BUN reference range

5-18 mg/dL

using a utensil to spread butter is expected of a

6 year old

child can identify right from left hand at what age

6 years old

HR range 3 year old toddler

80 to 120/min

expected BP toddler

86-118 mm Hg/ 44-74 mm Hg

A nurse is caring for a school-age child who has experienced a tonic-clonic seizure. Which of the following actions should the nurse take during the immediate postictal period? -Place the child in a side lying position -Delay documentation until the child is fully alert -Give the child a high-carbohydrate snack -Administer an oral sedative to the child

Place the child in a side-lying position

A school nurse is preparing to administer atomexetine 1.2 mg/kg/day PO to a school-age child who weighs 75 lb. Available is atomexetine 40 mg/capsule. How many capsules should the nurse administer per day?

1

A nurse is assessing a school-age child who has peritonitis. Which of the following findings should the nurse expect? -Hyperactive bowel sounds -Abdominal distention -Bradycardia -Bloody stool

Abdominal distention

A nurse is caring for a school-age child who is receiving cefazolin via IV bolus. The child suddenly develops diffuse flushing of the skin and angioedema. After discontinuing the medication infusion, which of the following medications should the nurse administer first? -Prednisone -Epinephrine -Diphenhydramine -Albuterol

Epinephrine

A nurse is caring for a school age child who is receiving a blood transfusion. Which of the following manifestations should alert the nurse to a possible hemolytic transfusion reaction? -laryngeal edema -flank pain -distended neck veins -muscular weakness

Flank pain (caused by breakdown of RBC's)

A nurse is reviewing the laboratory findings of a school-age child who is experiencing fatigue. Which of the following findings should the nurse recognize as an indication of anemia? -Hematocrit 28% -Hemoglobin 13.5 g/dL -WBC count 8,000/mm3 -Platelets 250,000/mm3

Hematocrit 28%

expected reference range Hgb 7 year old child

10-15.5 g/dL

Hemoglobin Expected Range

12-18 g/dL

average weight 3 year old

14.5 kg (32 lb)

prealbumin reference range 7 year old child

15-33 mg/dL

platelet reference range 7 year old child

150,000 to 400,000

a nurse is providing teaching to the parent of a school-age child who has a new prescription for oral nystatin for the treatment of oral candidiasis. Which of the following instructions should the nurse include? -Shake the medication prior to administration -provide the medication through a straw -rinse the child's mouth with water immediately after giving the medication -mix the medication with applesauce if the child dislikes the rice

shake the medication prior to administration

A nurse is reviewing the laboratory report of an infant who is receiving treatment for severe dehydration. The nurse should identify that which of the following laboratory values indicates effectiveness of the current treatment? -potassium 2.9 mEq/L -Sodium 140 mEq/L -Urine specific gravity 1.035 -BUN 25 mg/dL

sodium 140 mEq/L

A nurse is providing discharge teaching to the parent of a child who is 1 week postoperative following a cleft palate repair. For which of the following members of the interprofessional team should the nurse initiate a referral? -occupational therapist -speech therapist -respiratory therapist -physical therapist

speech therapist