Peds exam #2
when should Dtap be given?
2, 4, 6, 18 months, and 4 years
what is increased icp a sign of?
a neurologic disorder
when should antibiotics be given?
after obtaining culture
what age group is most at risk for croup?
ages 3 months and 3 years
therapy for bacterial tonsillitis
antipyretics, analgesic, antibiotics
what is the most accurate what to measure ICP?
assessment of LOC
enuresis
bed wetting
when should pancreatic enzymes be given for cystic fibrosis?
before meals and snacks with milk * helps with normal absorption of food
classic signs of UTIs
burning, frequency, urgency
What is the most common debilitating disease of childhood among those of European descent?
cystic fibrosis
diurnal enuresis
daytime wetting
what are mast cel stabilizers used for?
decrease wheezing and exercise induced asthma attacks
Which family member would be restricted from the room of an infant receiving ribavirin?
- any pregnant female * Ribavirin is classified as a category X drug, signaling a high risk for teratogenicity.
patient positioning for increased icp
- avoid neck vein compression - provide alternative pressure mattress for bed sores - elevate head of the bad t0 30 degrees
indications for ICP monitoring
- glasgow coma scale score less than 8 - traumatic brain injury with abnormal ct scan - deterioating neurologic condition
management of enuresis
- monitor and treat constipation - punishment is not appropriate - avoid diapering
nursing activities for increased icp
- patient positioning - avoid activities that may increase icp - minimise environmental noise - suctioning issues
The nurse is caring for a 7-year-old boy who has just had a tonsillectomy. Which intervention is least appropriate for this child?
- providing fluids by straw * it may cause trauma to surgical site
what is an audible high-pitched inspiratory noise?
- stridor - wheezing is usually heard on auscultation
The nurse is taking a respiratory history of a newly admitted child. While documenting the symptoms the child has, what other item is important to document when taking a history on an altered respiratory status?
- triggers in the environment When assessing a respiratory history, it is very important for the nurse to find out what in the environment worsens the child's symptoms. These are called "triggers."
will children need to be sedated for certain procedures such as MRI or CT?
yes, for incooperation
The nurse is assisting a child to the bed after being returned from a tonsillectomy. In which way would the nurse place the child until fully awake?
On the abdomen with a pillow under the chest Explanation:Lowering the child's head slightly and placing the child on the stomach allows mouth and throat secretions to flow out, avoiding possible aspiration and allowing for better assessment of bleeding from the surgery site.
The nurse is developing a teaching plan for the parents of a 12-year-old boy with cystic fibrosis. For which piece of equipment should the nurse prioritize education?
a flutter device * assist in mobilization of secretions
children with 1 or more febrile seizures have a slightly increased risk for developing what?
epileopsy
what can lead to febrile seizures?
fever from viral infection,
when is pulmonary function test reliable?
for children after age 5 or 6
when is a tetanus booster given?
if 5 years since vaccine and they have an injury that increases risk of tetanus
what causes the barking cough in croup?
inflammation of the larynx and trachea
why should suctioning and percussion be avoided in pt with increased icp?
it is poorly tolerated and should be avoided unless the pt has underlying respiratory problem
what is the earliest indicator of improvement or deterioration in neurologic status?
level of consciousness
what procedure should be avoided in ICP?
lumbar puncture
what diseases are preventable by vaccines?
measles, rubella, mumps, pneumoccol, hep A/B, HPV
what should teenagers be careful with during pregnancy
no acetone during pregnancy - it's a teratogen
what age can kids have aspirin?
over 3 years
Which piece of equipment is most helpful in determining airway obstruction in the client with asthma?
peak flow meter
what is the first sign of chicken pox in kids?
rash
what body system is predominantly affected by cystic fibrosis?
respiratory tract and pancreas
complications of febrile seizures
status epilepticus, motor coordination deficits, intellectual disability, and behavioral problems.
why are cystic fibrosis patients skinny?
thick mucous stops the pancreas from sending enzymes into the intestines, which are need for absorption of food