Peds exam #2

when should Dtap be given?

2, 4, 6, 18 months, and 4 years

what is increased icp a sign of?

a neurologic disorder

when should antibiotics be given?

after obtaining culture

what age group is most at risk for croup?

ages 3 months and 3 years

therapy for bacterial tonsillitis

antipyretics, analgesic, antibiotics

what is the most accurate what to measure ICP?

assessment of LOC

enuresis

bed wetting

when should pancreatic enzymes be given for cystic fibrosis?

before meals and snacks with milk * helps with normal absorption of food

classic signs of UTIs

burning, frequency, urgency

What is the most common debilitating disease of childhood among those of European descent?

cystic fibrosis

diurnal enuresis

daytime wetting

what are mast cel stabilizers used for?

decrease wheezing and exercise induced asthma attacks

Which family member would be restricted from the room of an infant receiving ribavirin?

- any pregnant female * Ribavirin is classified as a category X drug, signaling a high risk for teratogenicity.

patient positioning for increased icp

- avoid neck vein compression - provide alternative pressure mattress for bed sores - elevate head of the bad t0 30 degrees

indications for ICP monitoring

- glasgow coma scale score less than 8 - traumatic brain injury with abnormal ct scan - deterioating neurologic condition

management of enuresis

- monitor and treat constipation - punishment is not appropriate - avoid diapering

nursing activities for increased icp

- patient positioning - avoid activities that may increase icp - minimise environmental noise - suctioning issues

The nurse is caring for a 7-year-old boy who has just had a tonsillectomy. Which intervention is least appropriate for this child?

- providing fluids by straw * it may cause trauma to surgical site

what is an audible high-pitched inspiratory noise?

- stridor - wheezing is usually heard on auscultation

The nurse is taking a respiratory history of a newly admitted child. While documenting the symptoms the child has, what other item is important to document when taking a history on an altered respiratory status?

- triggers in the environment When assessing a respiratory history, it is very important for the nurse to find out what in the environment worsens the child's symptoms. These are called "triggers."

will children need to be sedated for certain procedures such as MRI or CT?

yes, for incooperation

The nurse is assisting a child to the bed after being returned from a tonsillectomy. In which way would the nurse place the child until fully awake?

On the abdomen with a pillow under the chest Explanation:Lowering the child's head slightly and placing the child on the stomach allows mouth and throat secretions to flow out, avoiding possible aspiration and allowing for better assessment of bleeding from the surgery site.

The nurse is developing a teaching plan for the parents of a 12-year-old boy with cystic fibrosis. For which piece of equipment should the nurse prioritize education?

a flutter device * assist in mobilization of secretions

children with 1 or more febrile seizures have a slightly increased risk for developing what?

epileopsy

what can lead to febrile seizures?

fever from viral infection,

when is pulmonary function test reliable?

for children after age 5 or 6

when is a tetanus booster given?

if 5 years since vaccine and they have an injury that increases risk of tetanus

what causes the barking cough in croup?

inflammation of the larynx and trachea

why should suctioning and percussion be avoided in pt with increased icp?

it is poorly tolerated and should be avoided unless the pt has underlying respiratory problem

what is the earliest indicator of improvement or deterioration in neurologic status?

level of consciousness

what procedure should be avoided in ICP?

lumbar puncture

what diseases are preventable by vaccines?

measles, rubella, mumps, pneumoccol, hep A/B, HPV

what should teenagers be careful with during pregnancy

no acetone during pregnancy - it's a teratogen

what age can kids have aspirin?

over 3 years

Which piece of equipment is most helpful in determining airway obstruction in the client with asthma?

peak flow meter

what is the first sign of chicken pox in kids?

rash

what body system is predominantly affected by cystic fibrosis?

respiratory tract and pancreas

complications of febrile seizures

status epilepticus, motor coordination deficits, intellectual disability, and behavioral problems.

why are cystic fibrosis patients skinny?

thick mucous stops the pancreas from sending enzymes into the intestines, which are need for absorption of food