Peds Quiz 2 & 3

A child is brought to the emergency department after experiencing a seizure at school. There is no previous history of seizures. The father tells the nurse that he cannot believe the child has epilepsy. The nurse's best response is: a. "The seizures may or may not mean that your child has epilepsy." b. "Epilepsy is easily treated." c. "Your child has had only one convulsion; it probably won't happen again." d. "Very few children have actual epilepsy."

a. "The seizure may or may not mean that your child has epilepsy."

What type of seizure may be difficult to detect? a. Absence b. Simple partial c. Complex partial d. Generalized

a. Absence

An important nursing consideration when suctioning a young child who has had heart surgery is to: a. Administer oxygen before and after suctioning b. Perform suctioning at least every hour c. Suction for no longer than 60 seconds at a time d. Expect symptoms of respiratory distress when suctioning

a. Administer oxygen before and after suctioning

Concerns for a child aspirated a battery include all except: a. Attraction to another battery that alters circulation b. Chemical burn c. Airway obstruction d. Electrical burn

a. Attraction to another battery that alters circulation

An infant's parents ask the nurse about preventing OM. What should be recommended? a. Avoid tobacco smoke. b. Use nasal decongestant. c. Avoid children with OM. d. Bottle feed or breastfeed in supine position.

a. Avoid tobacco smoke

Which drug would be used to treat a child who has increased intracranial pressure (ICP) resulting from cerebral edema? a. Mannitol b. Epinephrine hydrochloride c. Atropine sulfate d. Sodium bicarbonate

a. Mannitol

Parents of a 3-year-old child with congenital heart disease are afraid to let their child play with other children because of possible overexertion. The nurse's reply should be based on knowing that: a. The child needs opportunities to play with peers b. Constant parental supervision is needed to avoid overexertion c. The child needs to understand that peers' activities are too strenuous d. Parents can meet all the child's needs

a. The child needs opportunities to play with peers

It is generally recommended that a child with acute streptococcal pharyngitis can return to school: a. After taking antibiotics for 3 days b. If no complications develop c. After taking antibiotics for 24 hours d. When the sore throat is better

c. After taking antibiotics for 24 hours

Which neurologic diagnostic test gives a visualized horizontal and vertical cross section of the brain at any axis? a. Nuclear brain scan b. Echoencephalography c. CT scan d. MRI

c. CT scan

The nurse should recommend medical attention if a child with a slight head injury experiences: a. Headache, even if slight b. Vomiting, even once c. Confusion or abnormal behavior d. Sleepiness, though oriented x4

c. Confusion or abnormal behavior Other behavior would be loss of consciousness, amnesia, fluid leaking from the nose or ears, blurred vision, unsteady gait

Myelosuppression associated with chemotherapeutic agents or some malignancies such as leukemia can cause bleeding tendencies because of a/an: a. Increase in lymphocytes b. Vitamin C deficiency c. Decrease in blood platelets d. Decrease in leukocytes

c. Decrease in blood platelets

A young child with human immunodeficiency virus is receiving several antiretroviral drugs. The purpose of these drugs is to: a. Treat Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia b. Cure the disease c. Delay the disease progression d. Prevent spread of disease

c. Delay the disease progression

Treatment for a "TET" spell includes all except: a. Morphine b. IV fluids c. Oxygen d. Aspirin

d. Aspirin

A common complication that may occur with cardiac catheterization is: a. Congestive heart failure b. Rapidly increasing BP c. Hypostatic pneumonia d. Cardiac arrhythmia

d. Cardiac arrhythmia

An 8-year-old girl is receiving a blood transfusion when the nurse notes that she has developed precordial pain, dyspnea, distended neck veins, slight cyanosis, and a dry cough. These manifestations are most suggestive of: a. Air emboli b. Hemolytic reaction c. Allergic reaction d. Circulatory overload

d. Circulatory overload

Decongestant use is: a. appropriate for all children b. not appropriate for any child c. appropriate for children older than 3 years d. appropriate for children older than 6 years

d. appropriate for children older than 6 years

What clinical manifestations would suggest hydrocephalus in a neonate? a. Bulging fontanel and dilated scalp veins b. Closed fontanel and high-pitched cry c. Constant low-pitched cry and restlessness d. Depressed fontanel and decreased blood pressure

a. Bulging fontanel and dilated scalp veins

Which drug is an angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitor? a. Captopril (Capoten) b. Furosemide (Lasix) c. Spironolactone (Aldactone) d. Chlorothiazide (Diuril)

a. Captopril (Capoten)

The primary nursing intervention to prevent bacterial endocarditis is which of the following? a. Counsel parents of high-risk children about prophylactic antibiotics b. Institute measures to prevent dental procedures. c. Encourage restricted mobility in susceptible children. d. Observe children for complications, such as embolism and heart failure.

a. Counsel parents of high-risk children about prophylactic antibiotics

The most common genetic mutation that can cause CF is: a. Delta F 508 b. Alpha B 302 c. Echo Z 606 d. Beta D 504

a. Delta F 508

The nurse is preparing a child for possible alopecia from chemotherapy. What should be included? a. Explaining to the child that when hair regrows it may have a slightly different color or texture. b. Advising the child to expose the head to sunlight to minimize alopecia c. Explaining to the child that wearing a hat or scarf is preferable to wearing a wig d. Explaining to the child that hair usually regrows in 1 year

a. Explaining to the child that when hair regrows it may have a slightly different color or texture.

The most common clinical manifestation(s) of brain tumors in child is: a. Headache and vomiting b. Seizures c. Irritability d. Fever and poor fine motor control

a. Headache and vomiting

What type of croup is always considered a medical emergency? a. Laryngotracheobronchitis (LTB) b. Epiglottitis c. Spasmodic croup d. Laryngitis

b. Epiglottitis

An acquired hemorrhagic disorder that is characterized by excessive destruction of platelets is: a. Thalassemia major b. Idiopathic Thrombocytopenic Purpura c. Aplastic Anemia d. Disseminated Intravascular Coagulation

b. Idiopathic Thrombocytopenic Purpura

What diagnostic test permits visualization of morphologic features of target structures and tissue discrimination that is unavailable with any other technique? a. Echoencephalography b. MRI scan c. CT scan d. nuclear brain scan

b. MRI scan

A normal finding of prenatal circulation includes: a. Ventricular septal defect b. Pulmonary atresia c. Patent ductus arteriosus d. Aortic stenosis

c. Patent ductus arteriosus

A common cause of bronchiolitis is: a. Varicella Zoster virus b. Epstein-Barr virus c. Respiratory syncytial virus d. Parvovirus

c. Respiratory syncytial virus

When taking the history of a child hospitalized with Reye's syndrome, the nurse should not be surprised that a week ago the child had recovered from: a. Hepatitis b. Measles c. Varicella d. Meningitis

c. Varicella

Important pediatric cardiovascular history includes all except: a. Any complications during pregnancy? b. Can they keep up with peers? c. What is the child's favorite toy? d. Any breathing difficulties?

c. What is the child's favorite toy?

Pediatric considerations regarding respiratory dysfunction include all except: a. shorter distance from nose to lungs b. dependent on someone else for care c. lower metabolic rate d. eustachian tube relatively short and open

c. lower metabolic rate

What type of shock is characterized by a hypersensitivity reaction causing massive vasodilation and capillary leaks, which may occur with drug or latex allergy? a. Neurogenic shock b. Hypovolemic shock c. Cardiogenic shock d. Anaphylactic shock

d. Anaphylactic shock

Which diagnostic test identifies shifts in midline structures of the brain as a result of intracranial lesions? a. MRI scan b. CT scan c. nuclear brain scan d. Echoencephalography

d. Echoencephalography

Which statement expresses accurately the genetic implications of CF? a. It is a genetic defect found primarily in non-Caucasian population groups b. There is a 50% chance that siblings of an affected child also will be affected c. It is inherited as an autosomal dominant trait d. If it is present in a child, both parents are carriers of this defective gene

d. If it is present in a child, both parents are carriers of this defective gene

Which structural defects constitute tetralogy of Fallot? a. Pulmonic stenosis, ventricular septal defect, aortic hypertrophy, left ventricular hypertrophy b. Aortic stenosis, atrial septal defect, overriding aorta, left ventricular hypertrophy c. Aortic stenosis, ventricular septal defect, overriding aorta, right ventricular hypertrophy d. Pulmonic stenosis, ventricular septal defect, overriding aorta, right ventricular hypertrophy

d. Pulmonic stenosis, ventricular septal defect, overriding aorta, right ventricular hypertrophy

A condition in which the normal adult hemoglobin is partly or completely replaced by abnormal hemoglobin S is: a. Aplastic anemia b. Iron deficiency anemia c. Thalassemia major d. Sickle cell anemia

d. Sickle cell anemia

Several blood tests are ordered for a preschool child with severe anemia. She is crying and upset because she remembers the venipuncture done at the clinic 2 days ago. The nurse should explain that: a. Only one venipuncture will be needed b. Most blood tests on children require only a finger puncture because a small amount of blood is needed c. Venipuncture discomfort is very brief d. Topical application of local anesthetic can eliminate venipuncture pain

d. Topical application of local anesthetic can eliminate venipuncture pain