Penny OB/GYN Ch.26 Review

A protein produced by the yolk sac and fetal liver that is found in excess in the maternal circulation in the presence of a neural tube defect is:

AFP

Achondroplasia is associated with all of the following except:

Absent mineralization of the skull

A disorder that results in abnormal bone growth and dwarfism is:

Achondroplasia

The most common nonlethal skeletal dysplasia is:

Achondroplasia

The artifact seen posterior to solid structures such as fetal bone is referred to as:

Acoustic shadowing

The disorder associated with fetal amputations is:

Amniotic band syndrome

The group of fetal head and brain abnormalities that often coexists with spina bifida is referred to as:

Arnold-Chiari 2 malformation

The form of inheritance in which at least one parent has to be a carrier of an abnormal gene for it to be passed to the fetus is:

Autosomal dominant

An absent sacrum and coccyx is referred to as:

Caudal regression syndrome

The condition associated with the absence of the sacrum and coccyx:

Caudal regression syndrome

Talipes equinovarus is associated with:

Clubfoot

In VACTERL association, the letter "C" stands for:

Cranial

All of the following are clinical or sonographic findings consistent with limb-body wall complex except:

Decreased MSAFP

All of the following are characteristics of spina bifida occult except:

Elevated MSAFP

All of the following are associated with spina bifida except:

Enlarged posterior fossa

In VACTERL association, the letter "L" stands for:

Limb

The thalamic tissue located within the third ventricle of the brain that can become enlarged with Arnold-Chiari 2 malformation is:

Massa intermedia

Sirenomelia is commonly referred to as:

Mermaid syndrome

All of the following are characteristic sonographic findings of achondrogenesis except:

Multiple dislocated joints

All of the following are characteristics of spina bifida cystic except:

Normal MSAFP

A bell-shaped chest and multiple fetal fractures are indicative of:

Osteogenesis imperfecta

Upon sonographic interrogation of a 28-week pregnancy, you note that when pressure is applied to the fetal skull, the skull can be easily distorted. This is sonographic evidence of:

Osteogenesis imperfecta

Sonographically, you visualize a mass extending from the distal spine of a fetus. This mass could be all of the following except:

Phocomeningocele

Absence of the radius is referred to as:

Radial ray defect

All of the following are signs of Arnold-Chiari 2 syndrome except:

S-shaped spine

The abnormal lateral curvature of the spine is referred to as:

Scoliosis

Rhizomelia denotes:

Shortening of the proximal segment of a limb

What condition is associated with bilateral renal genesis, oligohydramnios, and fusion of the lower extremities?

Sirenomelia

All of the following are associated with amniotic band syndrome except:

Synechiae

A cloverleaf skull and hydrocephalus is seen with:

Thanatophoric dysplasia