periodic table
the term "halogen" means __________________ and compounds containing halogens are called ___________
"salt-former", "salts"
what are the oxidation numbers for the other metals?
+3, ±4, -3
what is halogen's oxidation number?
-1
name the three elements in the transition metals family that produce a magnetic field
-iron -cobalt -nickel
what are three characteristics of ALL metals?
-malleable -ductile -good conductors of heat and electricity
list four characteristics of ALL nonmetals
-not able to conduct electricity or heat very well -very brittle -cannot be rolled into wires -can't be pounded into sheets
list three physical properties of these other metals
-solid -relatively high density -opaque
what are the noble gases's oxidation number?
0
what are the group numbers of the other metals?
13 through 15
what are the group numbers of nonmetals?
14 through 16
what is the halogen group number?
17
What group number are the noble gases?
18
what are the group numbers of the transition metals?
3 through 12
the rare earth elements are found in group _______ and periods ______ and ______
3, 6, 7
hoe many rare earth elements are there?
30
how many elements are in the transition metals group?
38
are the Alkali Metals reactive?
Yes, very
are the alkaline earth metals reactive?
Yes, very
semiconductor
a substance that can carry an electrical charge under special conditions
what states of matter do halogens exist at room temperature?
all three states
what are the two most reactive elements in the Alkali Metals?
cesium and francium
groups are ________ that run from top to bottom
columns
metalloids make semi-conductors useful in ___________ and ___________
computers, calculators
What are valence electrons?
electrons transition metals use to combine with other elements
the elements of a group have the same number of ____________ in their ____________ shell
electrons, outer
what two states of matter do nonmetals exist in at room temperature?
gases and solids
the rare earth elements are made up of the ___________ and ____________ series
lanthanide, actinide
the nonmetal have no ___________ and do not ______________
metallic luster, reflect light
Metalloids have properties of both ________ and __________
metals, nonmetals
Hydrogen sometimes is ________________ an electron and sometimes it has an _____________ electron.
missing, extra
do the Alkali Metals occur freely in nature?
no
do the alkaline earth metals occur freely in nature?
no
are halogens metals or nonmetals?
nonmetals
elements in the same period have the same ____________________
number of atomic orbitals
how many electrons are in the Alkali Metals's outer shell?
one
what is the group number of the Alkali Metals?
one
Every element in the first period has ____________ shell for its _________
one, electrons
hydrogen is special because it can act like two groups, _______ and _______
one, seven
every element in group 1 has _______ electron in its outer shell, every element in group 2 has _______ electrons
one, two
periods are _____ that run from left to right
rows
how many electrons in halogens's outer shell?
seven
how many elements in the other metals group?
seven
because the valence electrons are present in more than one _______, transition metals often exhibit several common _______________________
shell, oxidation states
Name two metalloids that are semi-conductors
silicon and germanium
are the Alkali Metals soft or hard?
soft
trans-uranium
synthetic or man-made
how are the other metals different to the transition metals?
the other metals don't exhibit oxidation states, and their valence electrons are only present in their outer shell
why were the noble gases considered to be inert or stable?
their oxidation number is 0, which prevents them from forming compounds readily
what happens to Alkali Metals when they are exposed to water?
they explode
how are the other metals similar to the transition metals?
they're malleable and ductile
why are elements placed specifically on the periodic table?
they're placed based on their atomic structure
what is the group number of the alkaline earth metals?
two
how many electrons in the alkaline earth metals's outer shell?
two *same as their oxidation number or group number*
every element in the second period has ________ for its ______________
two orbitals, electrons
Although helium has only __________ electrons in its outer shell, it is grouped with elements that have ________________ (because its only energy shell is considered full)
two, eight electrons
what are the oxidation numbers of nonmetals?
±4, -3, -2
