PH Ch. 13 Study Guide

C. Diphtheria

A potentially fatal illness that leads to the inflammation of of the membranes that line the throat swollen lymph nodes, and to heart and kidney failure is: A. Chicken pox B. Mumps C. Diphtheria D. Rubella

B. Nosocomial

A type of infection spread in conjunction with the delivery of health care services is termed ______ infection: A. Non-specific B. Nosocomial C. Non-institutional D. Non-medial

A. A fungal infection of the vagina

A yeast infection is: A: A fungal infection of the vagina B. An acute viral infection of the bladder C. An allergic reaction of vaginal tissues D. An infection that results from a sexually transmitted bacteriam

B. Tetanus and diphtheria

Adults are particularly under protected in regard to: A. Hepatitis and polio B. Tetanus and diphtheria C. Haemophilus influenza type D. Chicken pox and mumps

B. Skin

An example of your body's so-called first line of defense against the infections would be: A. T-cells B. Skin C. Antigens D. Antibodies

C. Acute rhinitis

Another name for the common cold is: A. Influenza B. Pandemia C. Acute rhinitis D. Congestive bronchitis

C. Sexually transmitted disease of bacterial origin

Chlamydia is a: A: Rare infection of the reproductive system transmitted by indirect means B. Pelvic inflammation that usually occurs because of poor hygiene C. Sexually transmitted disease of bacterial origin D. Side effect of a gonorrhea infection

D. Mononucleosis

Fatigue that lasts for weeks and months in the absence of other symptoms is characteristic of: A. Pneumonia B. Tuberculosis C. Lyme disease D. Mononucleosis

A. Antibiotics

Gonorrhea is treated with: A. Antibiotics B. Protease inhibitors C. Pain relievers and rest D. Acyclovir or similar suppressive drugs

B. Body fluids

Hepatitis B and C are spread when the virus is introduced directly into: A: The ear B. Body fluids C. The digestive tract D. The respiratory system

D. Liver

Hepatitis is a viral inflammation of the: A. Pancreas B. Intestines C. Kidneys D. Liver

D. Cervical cancers

Human papillomavirus infection leads to an increased risk of: A: Gonorrhea B. Chlamydia C. HIV/AIDS D. Cervical cancers

A. Genital warts

Human papillomavirus is responsible for: A: Genital warts B. Chlamydia C. Gonorrhea D. Syphilis

C. A living organism that serves as a mode of transmission for a pathogen

In the context of infectious disease, what is a vector? A. The connection between an two links in the chain of infection B. A primitive one-celled organism that causes disease in humans C. A living organism that serves as a mode of transmission for a pathogen D. The substance by an infectious agent that causes symptoms in humans

B. Certain staphylococcal bacteria invade the bloodstream through the vaginal wall

In the vagina, toxic shock syndrome occurs when: A. Bacteria that enter tampons during their manufacture penetrate the body's defenses B. Certain staphylococcal bacteria invade the bloodstream through the vaginal wall C. Super absorbent tampons cause shock by absorbing blood too rapidly D. Sexually transmitted pathogens penetrate the vaginal wall

D. White blood cells

Macrophages are a form of: A. Stem cells B. Helper T-cells C. Antibodies D. White blood cells

C. MMRP

Many people are concerned that there is a relationship between the development of autism and what childhood immunization? A: DTaP B. Varicella C. MMRP D. HepA

D. Vaginal secretions

Most HIV infections occur through the exchange of blood, semen, or: A: Tears B. Saliva C. Sweat D. Vaginal secretions

D. Experiencing and recovering from the disease

Natural immunity is acquired by: A. Receiving the immunization B. Preventing an infection from occurring C. Receiving antibodies from another host D. Experiencing and recovering from the disease

D. Drug-resistant strains

Of the following, the greatest current threat from tuberculosis in the United States comes from: A. Virulent strains B. Poor treatments C. Secondary infections D. Drug-resistant strains

A. Levodopa

Of the following, which is not a prescription medication used to treat the symptoms of the flu? A: Levodopa B. Relenza C. Symmetrel D. Tamiflu

B. Mosquitoes

The West Nile virus is transmitted to human via: A. Birds B. Mosquitoes C. Deer ticks D. Deer mice

D. Ten to twelve years

The average incubation period for HIV infections is about: A: Six to twelve months B. Two to six years C. Six to eight years D. Ten to twelve years

C. Pathogen

The general term for a disease-causing agent is: A. Virus B. Infection C. Pathogen D. Bacterium

A. Reservoir

The general term for the environment in which an infectious agent grows and thrives is its: A. Reservoir B. Incubator C. Natural state D. Dormant state

C. Artificially

The immunity you get from a vaccination is acquired: A. Actively B. Passively C. Artificially D. Nonspecifically

D. Damage to the reproductive organs and surrounding structures

The major risk of untreated chlamydia infection sis A: Painful urination B. Susceptibility to other STDs C. Possible reinfection or a "ping-pong" effect D. Damage to the reproductive organs and surrounding structures

C. Intense itching in the affected area

The major symptom of a pubic louse infestation is: A: Any of several bacterial infections of the bloodstream B. The destruction of nerve tissues in the genital area C. Intense itching in the affected area D. Severe abdominal pain

A. Vector-based

The mode of transmission for Lyme Disease is: A. Vector-based B. Personal contact C. Airborne particles D. Exchange of body fluids

C. Droplet spread

The mode of transmission for tuberculosis is: A: Direct transmission B. Vector-based transmission C. Droplet spread D. Fecal-oral transmission

A: A sore or cluster of sores in the genital region

The most characteristic symptom of a herpes simplex infection is: A: A sore or cluster of sores in the genital region B. Swollen lymph glands. C. A whole-body itch D. A high fever

B. Treat the symptoms

The most common approach to treating influenza is to: A. Receive antiviral shots B. Treat the symptoms C. Take antibiotics D. Avoid infection

D. Life-threatening damage to the cardiovascular and nervous systems

The most serious risk of a syphilis infection is: A. Sterility B. The chronic destruction of connective tissues C. Secondary infections of gonorrhea or chlamydia D. Life-threatening damage to the cardiovascular and nervous systems

A. The respiratory system

The portal of entry for influenza is: A. The respiratory system B. The digestive tract C. Breaks in the skin D. Body fluids

C. Destroy antigens and their toxins

The role of antibodies is to: A. Produce helper T-cells B. Aid in the formation of killer T-cells C. Destroy antigens and their toxins D. Destroy suppressor T-cells

C. Incubation

The stage of infection from the time a pathogen enters your body until symptoms appear is known as the _____ stage. A: Clinical B. Recovery C. Incubation D. Prodromal

A. Rest

The standard treatment for mononucleosis is: A. Rest B. Antibiotics C. Physical therapy D. Corticosteriod drugs

D. Unprotected sexual intercorse

The transmission of bacterial meningitis is NOT caused by: A. Sharing a beverage B. Close living quarters C. Kissing D. Unprotected sexual intercorse

A. Wash your hands periodically when you are with groups of people

To avoid catching another cold, which of the following with be the most useful strategy? A: Wash your hands periodically when you are with groups of people B. Take extra vitamin C and herbal supplements C. Wear a mask when you go out in public D. Exercise for thirty minutes daily

D. A urinary tract infection

Today, Suzanne began experiencing painful urination and the frequent, sudden need to urinate. She probably has: A. Syphilis B. Gonorrhea C. A yeast infection D. A urinary tract infection

D. 90

Today, health professionals are attempting to raise the level if immunization to ____ percent of all children under the age of two: A. 40 B. 60 C. 80 D. 90

A. Super absorbent tampons

Toxic shock syndrome is most strongly linked to the use of: A. Super absorbent tampons B. Light duty tampons C. Sanitary napkins D. All tampons

A. Bacterial lung infection that creates a chronic cough and endangers health

Tuberculosis is a: A. Bacterial lung infection that creates a chronic cough and endangers health B. Viral lung infection marked by serious flares, when breathing is extremely difficult C. Rapid and dangerous atrophy of lung tissues that is caused by invasive microorganisms D. General suppression of the immune system that results in frequent lung infections

A. Clinical

Tuesday afternoon you began to feel sick. Wednesday you were sick in bed all day. Thursday you felt better. Your time in bed Wednesday probably marked the ____ stage of the infection. A. Clinical B. Recovery C. Incubation D. Prodromal

D. Stem cells are absent of specialization and can develop into new immune system cells

Which of the following BEST explains why stem cells are transplanted into people with damaged immune systems? A: The patients' own stem cells are used up B: They are the most potent type of immune cell C. Stem cells are specialized for restoring immune functions D. Stem cells are absent of specialization and can develop into new immune system cells

A. It can be slowed, but not cured

Which of the following BEST summarizes the current state of HIV/AIDS treatment? A. It can be slowed, but not cured B. There is no effective treatment for HIV/AIDS C. It can be cured if caught before full-blown AIDS develops D. Experimental cures have been achieved, but they need to be approved by the FDA

B. T-suppressor cells

Which of the following has a responsibility to "turn off" the immune response? A: T-helper cells B. T-suppressor cells C. T-memory cells D. T-killer cells

B. Most often seen in men in their thirties and forties

Which of the following is FALSE regarding chronic fatigue syndrome? It is an illness: A. That causes severe exhaustion and fatigue B. Most often seen in men in their thirties and forties C. That causes confusion over its exact nature D. That causes headaches and an inability to concentrate

B. Drinking from a friend's water bottle

Which of the following is NOT a form of direct transmission? A. Kissing B. Drinking from a friend's water bottle C. Breathing in someone's sneeze D. Sexual intercourse

D. Hantavirus pulmonary syndrome

Which of the following is an acute infection in the lungs that progresses rapidly and often kills the victim? A: Hepatitis B. Lyme disease C. Toxic Shock Syndrome D. Hantavirus pulmonary syndrome

D. Check yourself thoroughly for ticks after being outdoors

Which of the following is the BEST defense against Lyme disease? A: Wash hands thoroughly B. Avoid sharing of eating utensils C. Stay away from people who have the disease D. Check yourself thoroughly for ticks after being outdoors

A. Bacterial

Which of the following is the MOST common form of pneumonia? A. Bacterial B. Viral C. Fungal D. Parasitic

B. Avoid sexual activity

Which of the following is the most effective way to avoid HIV infection? A. Practice safer sex B. Avoid sexual activity C. Always use condoms for sex D. Learn the sexual history of prospective sexual partners

B. Antigen

Which of the following terms is applied to any foreign substance that stimulates a response from the immune system? A. Toxin B. Antigen C. Microbe D. Bacterium

A. Rubella

Which of the following, if contracted during pregnancy, can cause damage to the developing fetus? A. Rubella B. Whooping cough C. Polio D. Tetanus

C. Chronic phase

Which phase of Lyme disease may produce disorders of the heart and nervous systems? A: Acute phase B. Lasting phase C. Chronic phase D. Recovery phase

D. A healthy individual

Who of the following, when exposed to tuberculosis, is NOT likely to infect others? A. An older adult B. Someone infected with HIV C. A malnourished individual D. A healthy individual

B. Soak the nest with disinfectant or bleach before removing and destroying it

You are cleaning your garage when you find a place where deer mice have nested. You are aware that they carry hantavirus, so your best option is to: A: Leave the next undisturbed B. Soak the nest with disinfectant or bleach before removing and destroying it C. First probe to see if the mice are gone, then immediately throw it away D. Carefully salvage as much of the nest that you can and sent it to a state lab for analysis

A. A severe headache and stiff neck

You have just taken your roommate to the hospital. She came down with what appeared to be flu two days ago, but you suspected meningitis when she complained of: A. A severe headache and stiff neck B. Fatigue and lack of appetite C. Body aches and chills D. Nausea

C. Wash the bite and wait for the appearance of clinical symptoms

You went hiking in the morning and in the evening you find a deer tick that has attached itself to your ankle. You remove it. What should you do now? A: Seek antibiotic therapy at once B. Send the tick to your doctor for lab analysis C. Wash the bite and wait for the appearance of clinical symptoms D. Get immunized for Lyme disease within the next three weeks

C. Gonorrhea or chlamydia

Your sexually active friend Ward has begun to experience painful urination and white discharge from his penis. His symptoms are consistent with an infection by: A: Herpes B. Syphilis C. Gonorrhea or chlamydia D. The human papillomavirus